Abstract: A method for fabricating a MOMCAP includes steps as follows: An Nth metal layer is formed on a substrate according to an Nth expected capacitance value of the Nth metal layer. An Nth capacitance error value between an Nth actual capacitance value of the Nth metal layer and the Nth expected capacitance value is calculated. An N+1th expected capacitance value of an N+1th metal layer is adjusted to form an N+1th actual capacitance value according to the Nth capacitance error value, and the N+1th metal layer with an N+1th actual capacitance value is formed on the Nth metal layer according to the adjusted N+1th expected capacitance value, to make the sum of the Nth actual capacitance value and the N+1th actual capacitance value equal to the sum of the Nth expected capacitance value and the N+1th expected capacitance value. N is an integer greater than 1.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a MOMCAP includes steps as follows: An Nth metal layer is formed on a substrate according to an Nth expected capacitance value of the Nth metal layer. An Nth capacitance error value between an Nth actual capacitance value of the Nth metal layer and the Nth expected capacitance value is calculated. An N+1th expected capacitance value of an N+1th metal layer is adjusted to form an N+1th actual capacitance value according to the Nth capacitance error value, and the N+1th metal layer with an N+1th actual capacitance value is formed on the Nth metal layer according to the adjusted N+1th expected capacitance value, to make the sum of the Nth actual capacitance value and the N+1th actual capacitance value equal to the sum of the Nth expected capacitance value and the N+1th expected capacitance value. N is an integer greater than 1.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for selecting operating modes in a device are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes powering on a device that is configured to operate in safe and normal operating modes, detecting whether the device enters the normal operating mode within a time interval, and enabling the device to operate in the safe operating mode when the device does not enter the normal operating mode within the time interval. In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a power signal controller that powers on a device that is configured to operate in safe and normal operating modes, a state machine that detects whether the device enters the normal operating mode within a time interval, and a control signal controller that enables the device to operate in the safe operating mode when the device does not enter the normal operating mode within the time interval.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for selecting operating modes in a device are disclosed. In an embodiment, a method includes powering on a device that is configured to operate in safe and normal operating modes, detecting whether the device enters the normal operating mode within a time interval, and enabling the device to operate in the safe operating mode when the device does not enter the normal operating mode within the time interval. In an embodiment, an apparatus includes a power signal controller that powers on a device that is configured to operate in safe and normal operating modes, a state machine that detects whether the device enters the normal operating mode within a time interval, and a control signal controller that enables the device to operate in the safe operating mode when the device does not enter the normal operating mode within the time interval.

Abstract: Pulse width modulation is provided for controlling a resonant power converter, particularly for dimming of light emitting diode arrays without loss of efficiency. Dynamic oscillation due to the beginning of a pulse width modulated pulse burst is limited by shortening of the first and/or last pulse of a pulse bust such that the first pulse of a subsequent pulse burst close to or to connect with a full load steady-state voltage/current trajectory of the power converter. Pulse shortening made be made substantially exact to virtually eliminate dynamic oscillation but substantial reduction in dynamic oscillation is provided if inexact or even performed randomly.

Abstract: Pulse width modulation is provided for controlling a resonant power converter, particularly for dimming of light emitting diode arrays without loss of efficiency. Dynamic oscillation due to the beginning of a pulse width modulated pulse burst is limited by shortening of the first and/or last pulse of a pulse bust such that the first pulse of a subsequent pulse burst close to or to connect with a full load steady-state voltage/current trajectory of the power converter. Pulse shortening made be made substantially exact to virtually eliminate dynamic oscillation but substantial reduction in dynamic oscillation is provided if inexact or even performed randomly.

Abstract: A multi-channel circuit having respective channels powered through transformers having primary windings connected in series allows substantially equal constant currents to be provided through all channels by cross-regulation while only a single channel need be monitored and controlled. The variation in current between channels is generally small and largely insensitive to imbalances between voltages on loads due, for example, to different numbers of LEDs in series connected strings in illumination devices and can be further reduced by inverse coupling between inductors in respective channels. Efficiency is improved through reduction in the number of stages of the constant current source since the respective channels provided both DC-to-DC conversion and constant current regulation.

Abstract: A gate structure includes a gate control housing, a gate member and a control system. The control system includes a first and a second connector. The second connector is detachably attached on the moving object, and includes a signal generating module. The first connector and the second connector are communicated through a predetermined radio frequency signal. The gate member is operated between a closing position and an opening position, wherein in the closing position, a distance between the first and the second connector is larger than a preset connecting distance and the gate member is closed for blocking access to the restricted area, wherein in the opening position, a distance between the first connector and the second connector is within the preset connecting distance and the gate member is actuated to move for allowing access to the restricted area by the moving object bearing the first connector.

Abstract: A multi-channel circuit having respective channels powered through transformers having primary windings connected in series allows substantially equal constant currents to be provided through all channels by cross-regulation while only a single channel need be monitored and controlled. The variation in current between channels is generally small and largely insensitive to imbalances between voltages on loads due, for example, to different numbers of LEDs in series connected strings in illumination devices and can be further reduced by inverse coupling between inductors in respective channels. Efficiency is improved through reduction in the number of stages of the constant current source since the respective channels provided both DC-to-DC conversion and constant current regulation.

Abstract: An alarm device for an automatic garage door includes a detecting circuit for producing a single negative pulse signal when a detector detects an opening motion of said garage door, an alarm controlling circuit for receiving said single negative pulse signal and producing an alarm signal, a "normal function" detecting circuit connecting to a garage door opening machine for producing a "normal opening" signal when said garage door is normally opened by said garage door opening machine, which is then changed to a "shut off alarm" signal provided to said alarm controlling circuit for preventing the production of said alarm signal, an alarm generating circuit for generating an alarm when said alarm signal is received, and a transformer circuit for providing low voltage for said alarm device. Accordingly, the alarm device for an automatic garage door can provide a warning alarm when said garage door is forced to open or damaged by bandits or burglars.