Abstract: A method for producing a grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes a decarburization annealing process where an oxidation degree PH2O/PH2 is controlled, an annealing separator applying process where a mass ratio of MgO and Al2O3 in an annealing separator is controlled, a final annealing process where an oxidation degree is controlled when atmosphere includes hydrogen or a dew point is controlled when atmosphere consists of inert gas, and an insulation coating forming process where a baking temperature and a heat treatment temperature are controlled.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a silicon steel material production process of producing a silicon steel material; a hot rolling process of obtaining a hot rolled sheet by subjecting the silicon steel material to hot rolling; a cold rolling process of obtaining a steel sheet of a final sheet thickness by subjecting the hot rolled sheet to a single cold rolling process or multiple cold rolling processes having intermediate annealing performed between the cold rolling processes; a decarburization annealing process of subjecting the steel sheet to decarburization annealing; and a final annealing process of applying an annealing separator containing alumina as a main component to the steel sheet and subjecting the steel sheet to final annealing. The silicon steel material contains: in terms of mass %, Si: 0.8 to 7.0%; C: 0.085% or less; acid-soluble Al: 0.010 to 0.065%; N: 0.004 to 0.012%; Mn: 1.00% or less; S: 0.050% or less; a total of 0.01 to 0.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes an underlying steel sheet and a tension-insulation coating arranged on the surface of the underlying steel sheet, and a ten-point average roughness RzL in an L direction obtained when the tension-insulation coating is removed from the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with an alkaline solution, and then the surface of the underlying steel sheet is measured in a rolling direction is 6.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes a base steel sheet which contains Si and Mn, an intermediate layer which is disposed on a surface of the base steel sheet and contains a silicon oxide as a main component, and an insulation coating which is disposed on a surface of the intermediate layer. A final-annealed film is not substantially present on a surface of the base steel sheet. In a surface layer region of grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a Mn-depletion layer having a valley portion of a Mn content in which a Mn content is lower than an average Mn content of the base steel sheet in a region deeper than the surface layer region is provided, and a Mn-rich layer having a peak portion of a Mn content in which a Mn content is higher than that in the valley portion of the Mn content is provided in a region closer to a surface of the insulation coating than the Mn-depletion layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a silicon steel material production process of producing a silicon steel material; a hot rolling process of obtaining a hot rolled sheet by subjecting the silicon steel material to hot rolling; a cold rolling process of obtaining a steel sheet having a final sheet thickness by subjecting the hot rolled sheet to a single cold rolling process or to multiple cold rolling processes having intermediate annealing performed between cold rolling processes; a decarburization annealing process of subjecting the steel sheet to decarburization annealing using a decarburization annealing furnace including a heating area and a soaking area; and a final annealing process of applying an annealing separator having alumina as a main component to the steel sheet and subjecting the steel sheet to final annealing, wherein, in the decarburization annealing process, when X represents the Cr content of the silicon steel material in terms of mass %, an oxida

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; and an amorphous oxide layer that is formed on the steel sheet, in which a glossiness of a surface is 150% or higher.

Abstract: A grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes the texture aligned with Goss orientation. In the grain oriented electrical steel sheet, when (?1 ?1 ?1) and (?2 ?2 ?2) represent deviation angles of crystal orientations measured at two measurement points which are adjacent on the sheet surface and which have an interval of 1 mm, the boundary condition BA is defined as [(?2??1)2+(?2??1)2+(?2??1)2]1/2?0.5°, and the boundary condition BB is defined as [(?2??2)2+(?2??1)2+(?2??1)2]1/2?2.0°, the boundary which satisfies the boundary condition BA and which does not satisfy the boundary condition BB is included.

Abstract: In a base sheet for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention, an amount of surface oxygen x per one surface of the base sheet and a value y of a peak (?R/R0 @1250 cm?1) of SiO2 on the surface of the base sheet obtained by infrared reflection spectroscopy satisfy y?1500x2.5 and y?0.24. A method of manufacturing the base sheet for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet of the present invention includes: adjusting the amount of surface oxygen per one surface of a final-annealed grain-oriented silicon steel sheet to more than 0.01 g/m2 and 0.05 g/m2 or less, or more than 0.05 g/m2 and 0.10 g/m2 or less; and performing thermal oxidation annealing in an atmosphere in which an oxidation potential represented by a ratio PH2O/PH2 of water vapor pressure to hydrogen pressure is 0.0081 or less in a case where the amount of surface oxygen is more than 0.01 g/m2 and 0.05 g/m2 or less, or in an atmosphere in which the oxidation potential is 0.

Abstract: A grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes: by mass %, 0.010% or less of C; 2.50 to 4.00% of Si; 0.0010 to 0.0100% of acid soluble Al; 0.012% or less of N; 1.00% or less of Mn; 0.02% or less of S; and a balance consisting of Fe and impurities, and has a tension-insulation coating at steel sheet surface and a SiO2 intermediate oxide film layer with an average thickness of 1.0 nm to 1.0 ?m at an interface between the tension-insulation coating and the steel sheet surface. In the grain oriented electrical steel, a time differential curve fM(t) of a glow discharge optical emission spectrum of a metallic element M (Al) in the SiO2 intermediate oxide film layer satisfies a predetermined condition.

Abstract: A grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes the texture aligned with Goss orientation. In the grain oriented electrical steel sheet, when (?1 ?1 ?1) and (?2 ?2 ?2) represent deviation angles of crystal orientations measured at two measurement points which are adjacent on the sheet surface and which have an interval of 1 mm, the boundary condition BA is defined as |?2??1|?0.5°, and the boundary condition BB is defined as [(?2??1)2+(?2??1)2+(?2??1)2]1/2?2.0°, the boundary which satisfies the boundary condition BA and which does not satisfy the boundary condition BB is included.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a steel sheet 1; an intermediate layer 4 containing Si and O, arranged on the steel sheet; and an insulation coating 3 arranged on the intermediate layer 4, in which the intermediate layer 4 contains a metal phosphide 5, a thickness of the intermediate layer 4 is 4 nm or more, and an abundance of the metal phosphide 5 present is 1% to 30% by cross-sectional area fraction in a cross section of the intermediate layer 4.

Abstract: A grain oriented electrical steel sheet includes: by mass %, 0.010% or less of C; 2.50 to 4.00% of Si; 0.010% or less of acid soluble Al; 0.012% or less of N; 1.00% or less of Mn; 0.020% or less of S; and a balance consisting of Fe and impurities, and has a tension-insulation coating at steel sheet surface and a SiO2 intermediate oxide film layer with an average thickness of 1.0 nm to 1.0 ?m at an interface between the tension-insulation coating and the steel sheet surface. In the grain oriented electrical steel, when a surface of the intermediate oxide film layer is analyzed by an infrared reflection spectroscopy, a peak intensity IA at 1250 cm?1 and a peak intensity IB at 1200 cm?1 satisfy IB/IA?0.010.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a steel sheet; and an amorphous oxide layer that is formed on the steel sheet, in which a glossiness, of a surface is 150% or higher.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet; an intermediate layer arranged in contact with the base steel sheet; and an insulation coating arranged in contact with the intermediate layer to be an outermost surface, in which the intermediate layer has a local oxidized area when viewing a cross section whose cutting direction is parallel to a thickness direction, and a thickness of the intermediate layer in an area where the local oxidized area is included is 50 nm or more, and a thickness of the intermediate layer in an area where the local oxidized area is not included is less than 50 nm.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a base steel sheet; an intermediate layer arranged in contact with the base steel sheet; and an insulation coating arranged in contact with the intermediate layer to be an outermost surface, in which the insulation coating has a crystalline phosphide-containing layer containing a crystalline phosphide in an area in contact with the intermediate layer when viewing a cross section whose cutting direction is parallel to a thickness direction.

Abstract: A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a steel sheet 1; an intermediate layer 4 containing Si and O, arranged on the steel sheet; and an insulation coating 3 arranged on the intermediate layer 4, in which the intermediate layer 4 contains a metal phosphide 5, a thickness of the intermediate layer 4 is 4 nm or more, and an abundance of the metal phosphide 5 present is 1% to 30% by cross-sectional area fraction in a cross section of the intermediate layer 4.

Abstract: In a communication device, when an enabling signal is at a high level and a transmit data is at a high level, that is, in a recessive period, both transistors turn off. Thus, potentials of signal lines are determined by power supply from a second transmitting part to a communications network. When an error frame arises in this state, that is, transistors in the other ECU turn on, excessive currents flow the signal lines. When current monitoring circuits detect error currents, an error signal is changed to a high level.

Abstract: An object information acquiring apparatus, comprises a photoacoustic image acquiring unit configured to generate a first image related to optical characteristics within the object; an ultrasonic image acquiring unit configured to generate a second image related to acoustic characteristics within the object; a region of interest designating unit configured to receive designation of a region of interest with regard to the first image; an image processing unit configured to perform image processing on the first image inside the region of interest and outside the region of interest, respectively, using different image processing parameters; and an image synthesizing unit configured to superimpose and synthesize the first image, which has been image processed, and the second image.

Abstract: A transmission circuit includes a first transmitter and a second transmitter. The first transmitter turns OFF first transistors when a transmission data is in a high level, and turns ON the first transistors when the transmission data is in a low level. When a permission signal is in the high level, the second transmitter turns ON the second transistors when the transmission data is in the high level, and turns OFF the second transistors when the transmission data is in the low level. Diodes are set to suppress an amplitude of a differential signal in an ON time of the second transistors more than an amplitude of a differential signal in an ON time of the first transistors, to suppress ringing and radiation noise.

Abstract: In an information processing apparatus connected to an image forming apparatus including an image forming unit, the image forming unit includes a first receptor, a light source, a photosensitive member, a rotary polygon mirror, a light receptor, and a first output unit configured to stops outputting a predetermined signal after the image data for one surface of a recording medium is output, and resumes outputting the predetermined signal in response to the timing when image formation for one surface of a subsequent recording medium is started. The information processing apparatus includes a second receptor, a memory, a determiner configured to, determine a reflection surface based on information stored in the memory, a corrector configured to correct the image data, and a second output unit configured to, in response to start of receiving the predetermined signal, start outputting the image data.