Abstract: A decoder for a video signal encoded according to the MPEG-2 standard processes either interlace scan signals or progressive scan signals by dynamically reconfiguring a single high-bandwidth memory. The memory is used to hold 1) the input bit-stream, 2) first and second reference frames used for motion compensated processing, and 3) image data representing a field that is currently being decoded. The decoder includes circuitry which stores and fetches the bit-stream data, fetches the reference frame data, stores the image data for the field that is currently being decoded in block format and fetches this image data for conversion to raster-scan format. This circuitry also detects whether the signal is in interlace or progressive format from the input data stream. When an interlace format signal is being decoded, the memory is partitioned in one configuration and when a progressive format signal is being decoded, the memory is partitioned in another configuration.

Abstract: A method for predicting motion compensation for determining of an input image based on a motion vector of the input image from this input image to a reference image which has been sampled at a first set time, and the method includes calculating a motion vector of the input image based on a move, at a second set time, of a block unit which is a part of the input image and consists of a plurality of pixels, and calculating a motion vector of the reference image based on a move, at the first set time, of a block unit which is a part of the reference image and consists of a plurality of pixels. Move compensation of the input image is calculated both from the motion vector of the input image and from the motion vector of the reference image, to thereby realize a method for determining motion compensation with high precision.

Abstract: An IC socket for mounting an IC package on a printed wiring board includes a socket body and pin terminals. The socket body has a mount portion for the IC package. The mount portion has a flat bottom wall. The pin terminals are arranged in the bottom wall at predetermined intervals lengthwise and widthwise. Each pin terminal has a contact portion, on the upper surface of the mount portion, which is brought into contact with a corresponding terminal of the IC package mounted on the mount portion, and a connecting portion, on the lower surface of the mount portion, which is connected to a corresponding pattern on the printed wiring board. A press member having elasticity which makes the press member press an upper surface of the IC package mounted on the socket body to press each terminal of the IC package against the contact portion of a corresponding pin terminal of the socket body is arranged on the socket body.

Abstract: In a blood-lipid depressant for depressing a blood-lipid level, an effective component of the depressant is an extract extracted with an extracting solvent from a senna species (Cassia mimosoides L. var. nomame Makino). An effective component of the depressant is an extract obtained by fractionating via chromatographic methods an extract extracted with an extracting solvent from a senna species (Cassia mimosoides L. var. nomame Makino).

Abstract: An IC socket for mounting an IC package on a printed wiring board includes a socket body and pin terminals. The socket body has a mount portion for the IC package. The mount portion has a flat bottom wall. The pin terminals are arranged in the bottom wall at predetermined intervals lengthwise and widthwise. Each pin terminal has a contact portion, on the upper surface of the mount portion, which is brought into contact with a corresponding terminal of the IC package mounted on the mount portion, and a connecting portion, on the lower surface of the mount portion, which is connected to a corresponding pattern on the printed wiring board. A press member having elasticity which makes the press member press an upper surface of the IC package mounted on the socket body to press each terminal of the IC package against the contact portion of a corresponding pin terminal of the socket body is arranged on the socket body.

Abstract: A decoder for a video signal encoded according to the MPEG-2 standard includes a single high-bandwidth memory and a digital phase-locked loop. This memory has a single memory port. The memory is used to hold 1) the input bit-stream, 2) first and second reference frames used for motion compensated processing, and 3) image data representing a field that is currently being decoded. The decoder includes circuitry which stores and fetches the bit-stream data, fetches the reference frame data, stores the image data for the field that is currently being decoded in block format and fetches this image data for conversion to raster-scan format. All of these memory access operations are time division multiplexed and use the single memory port. The digital phase locked loop (DPLL) counts pulses of a 27 MHz system clock signal, defined in the MPEG-2 standard, to generate a count value.

Abstract: Piston unit used in an internal combustion engine, which allows no interfacial crack between a piston and a wear-proof ring as well as allowing to provide T6 treatment to aluminum base alloy used for the piston. The piston unit has a piston formed of aluminum base alloy, and a wear-proof ring that has been fused with a first ring groove of the piston. The wear-proof ring is formed of copper-zinc alloy with its thermal expansion coefficient ranging from 19.5.times.10.sup.-6 m/m to 22.0.times.10.sup.-6 m/m. The copper zinc alloy may contain 63 wt. % of copper, 30 wt. % of zinc, 15 wt. % of aluminum, and 4% of titanium, or it may contain 70 wt. % of copper and 30% of zinc only.

Abstract: A variable length decoder for decoding a variable length code. The variable length decoder includes a code length look-up table which receives n-j bits of an n-bit fixed-length word. A segment of the variable length code value is held in the n-j bits where n and j are integers and j is less than or equal to n. The code length look-up table produces a decoded code length value. The variable length decoder includes a code value look-up table which receives the n-bit fixed-length word and produces a decoded code value of the variable length code.

Abstract: A metal-based composite includes a metal matrix including aluminum as a major component, discontinuous alumina fibers buried in the metal matrix, mullite particles buried therein, and solid lubricant particles buried therein. The solid lubricant particles can be either graphite particles with a nickel layer formed on a surface thereof, or boron nitride cermet particles. By thus including the specific solid lubricant particles, the wear resistance of the metal-based composite can be improved, the wear of its mating parts can be reduced, and the friction coefficient between the metal-based composite and the mating parts can be inhibited from fluctuating. Hence, the metal-based composite can appropriately make aluminum-based internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A parallel decoder for an MPEG-2 encoded video signal includes a deformatter which separates the input bit stream into multiple portions, each representing a respectively different section of the HDTV image. The separate portions are processed in parallel by respective decoders. In order to perform motion compensated processing, each of the four decoders includes a memory that holds data representing the entire image. Each decoder provides its decoded output data to all of the decoders to maintain the data in the respective memories.

Abstract: A system and method for filtering a digital signal having a relatively high data rate uses circuitry which operates at a lower data rate. The filter includes an input section which receives the input signal and which divides the input signal into a plurality of contiguous segments. The system also includes a first filter which receives samples representing one of the plurality of segments and adjacent samples from the next contiguous one of the segments and which filters all of the received samples to produce a first filtered signal. A second filter receives samples of the next contiguous segment and filters those samples to produce a second filtered signal. The filtered signals are combined by providing the samples of the second filtered signal immediately after the samples of the first filtered signal to produce a filtered output signal.

Abstract: A TAB tape is constituted by a base material consisting of, e.g., a polyimide, in which leads composed of a copper foil are formed on the base material, and a power supply unit and a signal unit formed on a substrate, such as a printed circuit board, are connected to electrodes formed on a chip via the copper foil leads. Power supply leads for supplying power to the chip, ground leads for grounding, and signal leads for exchanging signals with the chip are formed by the copper foil on one surface of the base material. A common power supply lead to be connected to the power supply leads and a common ground lead to be connected to the ground leads are formed by the copper foil on the other surface of the base material.

Abstract: A wide-screen TV signal transmission apparatus includes transmitting a wide-screen TV signal generator for generating a wide-screen TV signal source; a scanning line converter for down-converting a wide-screen TV signal with an integer conversion ratio to obtain a conventional TV-compatible signal with upper and lower black bars; a vertical augmentation signal generator for generating a vertical augmentation signal to enhance the vertical resolution at the receiving side of the transmission apparatus; and adder for adding; a conventional TV-compatible signal and a vertical augmentation signal to obtain a conventional TV-compatible composed signal; and a transmitter for transmitting a conventional TV-compatible composed signal.

Abstract: A lead frame includes a stage portion, at least one bar-like support portion, a plurality of lead portions; and a connection portion. A semiconductor chip having pads formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor chip is mounted on the stage portion. The bar-like support portion supports the stage portion. The plurality of lead portions are arranged to surround the stage portion and connected to the pads of the semiconductor chip mounted on the stage portion, and the stage portion is arranged at a level lower than that of an arrangement surface of the lead portions. The connection portion is formed on one side of the stage portion perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the support portion, and the connection portion has a central portion which has an upper side portion projecting almost parallelly to a surface of the stage portion at a level higher than that of the surface of the stage portion and is connected to the support portion on the same plane.

Abstract: A method for predicting move compensation of an input image based on a move vector of the input image from this input image to a reference image which has been sampled at a first set time, and the method includes calculating a move vector of the input image based on a move, at a second set time, of a block unit which is a part of the input image and consists of a plurality of pixels, and calculating a move vector of the reference image based on a move, at the first set time, of a block unit which is a part of the reference image and consists of a plurality of pixels. Move compensation of the input image is calculated both from the move vector of the input image and from the move vector of the reference image, to thereby realize a method for predicting move compensation with high precision.

Abstract: A multiplex TV signal processing apparatus in a television signal transmitting and receiving system includes an apparatus at the transmitting side which has a first amplitude-modulator for modulating a first carrier by a main signal to obtain a vestigial side-band amplitude-modulated main signal; a second amplitude-modulator for modulating a second carrier but whose frequency is the same as which phase is 90 degree different from the first carrier by a sub signal to obtain a carrier suppressed amplitude-modulated signal; a first inserter for inserting a first ghost canceling reference signal into a horizontal line of the main signal during a vertical blanking period; a second inserter for inserting a second ghost canceling reference signal into the same horizontal line of the sub signal as the first ghost canceling reference signal; and includes an apparatus at the receiving side which has: a first demodulator for demodulating the main signal; a second demodulator for demodulating the sub signal; a ghost canc

Abstract: In the television broadcasting system called letter box method, it is proposed to transmit an image having a larger aspect ratio than that of the existing broadcasting system by using some of the scanning lines of the existing broadcasting system, and transmit some additional information signal in the remaining portion. An offset value applied to the additional information signal at the transmission side must be removed completely at the reception side. Accordingly, at the reception side, in the scanning line in which an offset reference signal indicative of the offset value is transmitted, the offset reference value and a DC level reference value of the scanning line are detected, and these values are retained until a next offset reference signal is detected.

Abstract: A television signal processor which is compatible with the existing television systems and is capable of producing television signals having a larger aspect ratio than the standard aspect ratio has an arrangement such that, at the transmission side, a main signal and a multiplex signal are produced from an electrical signal obtained by receiving an original image through processes such as time-axis compression, time-axis expansion, and chrominance signal processing, and are subjected to non-time-axis multiplexing. The processor has a further arrangement such that, at the reception side, there are provided a circuit for separating the non-time-axis multiplexed signal, a circuit for separating a luminance signal and a chrominance signal, a circuit for demodulating the chrominance signal, a circuit for effecting time-axis compression, a circuit for time-axis expanding the time-axis multiplexed signal, and a circuit for time-axis compressing the non-time-axis multiplexed signal.

Abstract: A main signal motion detection signal and a multiplex motion detection signal are processed to obtain a compensated motion detection signal. This signal is a motion detection signal for a portion other than a portion having an aspect ratio of 4:3. Thus, a television signal processor is provided which eliminates quality differences between images in the portion having an aspect ratio of 4:3 and images in the other portion having a different aspect ratio.

Abstract: Disclosed are multiplex television signal processing apparatuses in a television signal transmitting and receiving system. An apparatus at the transmitting side comprises: a signal separator to separate a multiplex signal into a first and a second part; a time-multiplexer to time-multiplex a main television signal and the first part of the multiplex signal to obtain a time-multiplexed main signal; a first amplitude-modulator for modulating a first carrier by the multiplexed main signal to obtain a vestigial side band signal, amplitude-modulated main signal; a second amplitude-modulator for modulating a second carrier which is same in frequency as but different in phase by 90 degrees from the first carrier by a second multiplex signal; an inverse Nyquist filter for filtering this signal to obtain a vestigial side band, amplitude-modulated multiplex signal; and an adder for adding the vestigial side band, amplitude-modulated main and multiplex signals to obtain a multiplexed signal.