Abstract: Disclosed is a composite material including a black pigment, carbon fibers, and a resin, wherein marking is applied with a laser having a wavelength of 100 to 2,000 nm on the composite material having 1) an area proportion of the carbon fibers in its topmost surface layer of 10 to 90%, 2) a proportion of the black pigment contained in the composite material of 0.2 to 20% by mass, and 3) an average fiber length of the carbon fibers of 1 mm or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composite material including a black pigment, carbon fibers, and a resin, wherein marking is applied with a laser having a wavelength of 100 to 2,000 nm on the composite material having 1) an area proportion of the carbon fibers in its topmost surface layer of 10 to 90%, 2) a proportion of the black pigment contained in the composite material of 0.2 to 20% by mass, and 3) an average fiber length of the carbon fibers of 1 mm or more.

Abstract: There is provided a method for manufacturing a joint member in which a carbon fiber composite material containing a thermoplastic resin as a matrix and a metal are joined, wherein the joint member is manufactured by (i) treating a surface of the metal with a solution containing a specific triazine thiol derivative, (ii) providing a thermoplastic resin layer having a thickness of 5?m to 5 mm between the carbon fiber composite material and the surface of the metal on which the treatment is performed, and (iii) heating and melting the thermoplastic resin layer to join (fuse) the carbon fiber composite material to the surface of the metal.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a multi-nozzle ink jet head using piezoelectric elements. The head has a nozzle member in which a plurality of nozzles are formed, a pressure chamber wall member in which a plurality of pressure chambers are formed, and piezoelectric type actuators that have a diaphragm and a plurality of piezo elements and apply pressure to each of the plurality of pressure chambers for ejecting ink from the nozzles. A coating member having high rigidity is provided on inner surfaces of the pressure chamber walls or on parts of the diaphragm in contact with the pressure chamber wall member, thus increasing the rigidity of the pressure chamber walls.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head having a diaphragm that effectively utilizes the force generated by thin-film piezoelectric elements is disclosed. The head (2) has a head substrate (28) in which are formed a plurality of nozzles (39) and a plurality of pressure chambers (29), a multi-layer diaphragm (23-1, 23-2), piezoelectric elements (27), and individual electrodes (26). By making the thickness of the common electrode layer (23-1) of the multi-layer diaphragm be thin but such that problems do not occur during multi-pin driving, optimization of the rigid layer becomes possible, and hence it is possible to use the force generated by the thin-film piezoelectric elements efficiently in ink ejection.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head using piezoelectric elements and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. A head (1) has a nozzle member (10) in which a plurality of nozzles (12) are formed, a pressure chamber wall member (14) in which a plurality of pressure chambers (15) are formed, and piezoelectric type actuators that have a diaphragm (18) and a plurality of piezo elements (19) and apply pressure to each of the plurality of pressure chambers for ejecting ink from the nozzles. A rigid coating member (23, 25) is provided on inner surfaces of the pressure chamber walls or on parts of the diaphragm in contact with the pressure chamber wall member, thus increasing the rigidity of the pressure chamber walls.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head using piezoelectric elements and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. A head (1) has a nozzle member (10) in which a plurality of nozzles (12) are formed, a pressure chamber wall member (14) in which a plurality of pressure chambers (15) are formed, and piezoelectric type actuators that have a diaphragm (18) and a plurality of piezo elements (19) and apply pressure to each of the plurality of pressure chambers for ejecting ink from the nozzles. A rigid coating member (23, 25) is provided on inner surfaces of the pressure chamber walls or on parts of the diaphragm in contact with the pressure chamber wall member, thus increasing the rigidity of the pressure chamber walls.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel and an illumination unit. The illumination unit has a planar light emitting region formed by an EL element. The light emitting region is formed by a plurality of linear light emitting regions that extend in a direction perpendicular to the vertical scanning direction of liquid crystal. The linear light emitting regions are switched between a light emitting state and a non-light emitting state based on a command signal from a controller in a manner that the linear light emitting regions sequentially emit light in synchronization with vertical scanning of the liquid crystal. Each linear light emitting region is controlled to be in the non-light emitting state at least during a drive data rewriting period of a portion of the liquid crystal immediately above the linear light emitting region.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head using piezoelectric elements and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. A head (1) has a nozzle member (10) in which a plurality of nozzles (12) are formed, a pressure chamber wall member (14) in which a plurality of pressure chambers (15) are formed, and piezoelectric type actuators that have a diaphragm (18) and a plurality of piezo elements (19) and apply pressure to each of the plurality of pressure chambers for ejecting ink from the nozzles. A rigid coating member (23, 25) is provided on inner surfaces of the pressure chamber walls or on parts of the diaphragm in contact with the pressure chamber wall member, thus increasing the rigidity of the pressure chamber walls.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head using piezoelectric elements and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. A head (1) has a nozzle member (10) in which a plurality of nozzles (12) are formed, a pressure chamber wall member (14) in which a plurality of pressure chambers (15) are formed, and piezoelectric type actuators that have a diaphragm (18) and a plurality of piezo elements (19) and apply pressure to each of the plurality of pressure chambers for ejecting ink from the nozzles. A rigid coating member (23, 25) is provided on inner surfaces of the pressure chamber walls or on parts of the diaphragm in contact with the pressure chamber wall member, thus increasing the rigidity of the pressure chamber walls.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head using piezoelectric elements and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. A head (1) has a nozzle member (10) in which a plurality of nozzles (12) are formed, a pressure chamber wall member (14) in which a plurality of pressure chambers (15) are formed, and piezoelectric type actuators that have a diaphragm (18) and a plurality of piezo elements (19) and apply pressure to each of the plurality of pressure chambers for ejecting ink from the nozzles. A rigid coating member (23, 25) is provided on inner surfaces of the pressure chamber walls or on parts of the diaphragm in contact with the pressure chamber wall member, thus increasing the rigidity of the pressure chamber walls.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head having a diaphragm that effectively utilizes the force generated by thin-film piezoelectric elements is disclosed. The head (2) has a head substrate (28) in which are formed a plurality of nozzles (39) and a plurality of pressure chambers (29), a multi-layer diaphragm (23-1, 23-2), piezoelectric elements (27), and individual electrodes (26). By making the thickness of the common electrode layer (23-1) of the multi-layer diaphragm be thin but such that problems do not occur during multi-pin driving, optimization of the rigid layer becomes possible, and hence it is possible to use the force generated by the thin-film piezoelectric elements efficiently in ink ejection.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head having a diaphragm that effectively utilizes the force generated by thin-film piezoelectric elements is disclosed. The head (2) has a head substrate (28) in which are formed a plurality of nozzles (39) and a plurality of pressure chambers (29), a multi-layer diaphragm (23-1, 23-2), piezoelectric elements (27), and individual electrodes (26). By making the thickness of the common electrode layer (23-1) of the multi-layer diaphragm be thin but such that problems do not occur during multi-pin driving, optimization of the rigid layer becomes possible, and hence it is possible to use the force generated by the thin-film piezoelectric elements efficiently in ink ejection.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head formed through semiconductor processes. The multi-nozzle head has a head substrate in which are formed a plurality of nozzles and a plurality of pressure chambers, a diaphragm that acts as a common electrode and covers the plurality of pressure chambers, piezoelectric body layers that are provided in correspondence with the pressure chambers on the diaphragm, and individual electrode layers that are provided on the piezoelectric body layers and have individual electrode parts corresponding to the pressure chambers and wiring parts for the individual electrode parts. By interposing a low-dielectric-constant layer or an insulating layer in the region of the wiring parts, or not disposing the common electrode in the region of the wiring parts, the electrical capacitance of the driving parts is reduced, and hence a driving lag is prevented from occurring, and moreover unwanted vibration of the piezoelectric bodies is prevented.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a multi-nozzle ink jet head having a plurality of nozzles, cross talk between adjacent elements is suppressed. The head has the nozzles (12), pressure chambers (15), and bimorph drivers. The bimorph drivers have piezos (19) formed on a diaphragm (18). The diaphragm (18) has linear parts (18-1) that convert the generated force from the piezos (19) into displacement, and non-linear parts (18-2) that are provided between the linear parts (18-1) and diaphragm fixing parts. Due to the non-linear parts (18-2), transmission of strain energy to the fixing parts is suppressed, and hence cross talk is suppressed.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head formed through semiconductor processes. The multi-nozzle head has a head substrate in which are formed a plurality of nozzles and a plurality of pressure chambers, a diaphragm that acts as a common electrode and covers the plurality of pressure chambers, piezoelectric body layers that are provided in correspondence with the pressure chambers on the diaphragm, and individual electrode layers that are provided on the piezoelectric body layers and have individual electrode parts corresponding to the pressure chambers and wiring parts for the individual electrode parts. By interposing a low-dielectric-constant layer or an insulating layer in the region of the wiring parts, or not disposing the common electrode in the region of the wiring parts, the electrical capacitance of the driving parts is reduced, and hence a driving lag is prevented from occurring, and moreover unwanted vibration of the piezoelectric bodies is prevented.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head formed by semiconductor processes is disclosed. The multi-nozzle head has a nozzle plate (38) in which are formed a plurality of nozzles (39), an FPC (42) in which are formed a plurality of ink chambers (29), and energy generating layers (23, 26, 27), and wiring patterns (42A, 42B) for the energy generating layers are provided on the FPC (42), thus making connection to external circuitry easy.

Abstract: A multi-nozzle ink jet head formed through semiconductor processes. The multi-nozzle head has a head substrate in which are formed a plurality of nozzles and a plurality of pressure chambers, a diaphragm that acts as a common electrode and covers the plurality of pressure chambers, piezoelectric body layers that are provided in correspondence with the pressure chambers on the diaphragm, and individual electrode layers that are provided on the piezoelectric body layers and have individual electrode parts corresponding to the pressure chambers and wiring parts for the individual electrode parts. By interposing a low-dielectric-constant layer or an insulating layer in the region of the wiring parts, or not disposing the common electrode in the region of the wiring parts, the electrical capacitance of the driving parts is reduced, and hence a driving lag is prevented from occurring, and moreover unwanted vibration of the piezoelectric bodies is prevented.

Abstract: A printer having a plurality of nozzles each for discharging ink supplied from an ink supply part (50) comprises a head main body (3) including a plurality of pressure chambers each provided for each of the nozzles and filled up with ink, a plurality of pressurizers each provided for each of the pressure chambers for pressurizing the pressure chamber to discharge the ink in the pressure chamber through the nozzle and ink supply passages for supplying the ink from the ink supply part (50) to the plurality of pressure chambers, and a joint section (8) protruded from the head main body (3) for joining the ink supply part (50) to the head main body (3).

Abstract: An area lighting unit has an electroluminescent device, a light scattering portion on a side of a light exit surface of the electroluminescent device, and a light covering portion on a side of a light exit surface of the light scattering portion. The light converging portion includes first and second layered optical sheets, each having a planar light incidence portion through which light enters and a light exit portion through which the light exits. The light exit portion of each optical sheet forms parallel prismatic protrusions, each having a vertex angle of 90 degrees to 105 degrees. The optical sheets each are so arranged that the light incidence portion is oriented to the electroluminescent device and a direction in which the protrusions of the first optical sheet are arranged is perpendicular to a direction in which the protrusions of the second optical sheet are arranged.