Abstract: An article comprising a heater that comprises a high-resistance magnification (HRM) PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The HRM PTC ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A double-switching PTC ink comprises a first resin and a second resin; the first resin provides a first PTC effect within a first temperature range (T1, T2); the second resin provides a second PTC effect within a second temperature range (T3, T4), where T3?T2; the first resin has an NTC effect above the first temperature range; the second PTC effect is greater than the first PTC effect; and the second PTC effect overlaps with, and is greater than, the NTC effect of the first resin.

Abstract: An article comprising a heater that comprises a high-resistance magnification (HRM) PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The HRM PTC ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A positive temperature coefficient (PTC) composition having a first thermally active polymer having a melting point of 30-70° C. and providing a first PTC in a lower temperature range below 70° C., and a second thermally active polymer having a melting point of 70-140° C. and providing a second PTC in a higher temperature range above 70° C., the composition also having conductive particles; and an organic solvent with a boiling point higher than 100° C., solvent being capable of dissolving both the first and second thermally active polymer. The PTC composition has two distinct PTC characteristics at the two different temperature ranges.

Abstract: An article comprising a heater that comprises a high-resistance magnification (HRM) PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The HRM PTC ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: An electrically conductive screen-printable PTC ink composition with low inrush current and high NTC onset temperature, consisting of at least two different polymers, polymer-1 and polymer-2; wherein the melting temperature difference between polymer-1 and polymer-2 must be greater than 50° C., and the mechanical strength of polymer-1 as expressed by Young's modulus must be greater than 200 MPa.

Abstract: An article comprising a double-switching heater that comprises a double-switching PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The double-switching PTC ink comprises a first resin and a second resin; the first resin provides a first PTC effect within a first temperature range (T1, T2); the second resin provides a second PTC effect within a second temperature range (T3, T4), where T3?T2; the first resin has an NTC effect above the first temperature range; the second PTC effect is greater than the first PTC effect; and the second PTC effect overlaps with, and is greater than, the NTC effect of the first resin. The substrate can be either thermal polyurethane, nylon or a polyester blend.

Abstract: A reverse mode light valve, the manufacture of a light control device and a method of controlling light transmittance by using of the reverse mode light valve, the reverse mode light valve containing ABX3 perovskite particles (200) suspended in a liquid suspension (300) can control light transmittance in a higher light transmittance when the power is turned off (OFF state) and lower light transmittance when the power is turned on (ON state). In the ABX3 perovskite particles (200), A is at least one of Cs+, CH3NH3+, and Rb+, B is at least one of Pb2+, Ge2+, and Sn2+, and X is at least one of Cl?, Br?, and I?.

Abstract: An article comprising a heater that comprises a high-resistance magnification (HRM) PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The HRM PTC ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: An article comprising a double-switching heater that comprises a double-switching PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The double-switching PTC ink comprises a first resin and a second resin; the first resin provides a first PTC effect within a first temperature range (T1, T2); the second resin provides a second PTC effect within a second temperature range (T3, T4), where T3?T2; the first resin has an NTC effect above the first temperature range; the second PTC effect is greater than the first PTC effect; and the second PTC effect overlaps with, and is greater than, the NTC effect of the first resin. The substrate can be either thermal polyurethane, nylon or a polyester blend.

Abstract: Disclosed is an inorganic-organic hybrid core-shell nanorod (200) and a light valve having the nanorod (200). The nanorod (200) comprises a nanorod inner core composed of a metal oxide and a nanorod shell composed of an inorganic-organic complex containing carbon and nitrogen atoms. The nanorod inner core is titanium dioxide TiO2. The core-shell nanorod employs the metal oxide as a core body and the inorganic-organic complex as a shell to account for the many advantages of inorganic-organic hybrid materials, nanomaterials, and the core-shell structure. The synergistic effect of multiple characteristics allows the material to have unique properties. The light valve made of the material has excellent performance, can adjust the light transmittance in a wider range, and has excellent application prospects.

Abstract: Provided herein is a modified Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) compound and a light valve device using the modified POSS compound. The modified POSS compound is a liquid compound synthesized via hydroxyl condensation among a component I, a component II and a component III; wherein the component I is a POSS monomer having at least one hydroxyl; the component II is a dihydroxyl-terminated crosslinkable monomer or oligomer; the component III is a dihydroxyl-terminated non-crosslinkable monomer or oligomer. The light valve device being capable of electronically changing its light transmittance is made by sandwiching a light control layer between two transparent electroconductive substrate layers. The light control layer is made by a solid polymeric matrix containing modified POSS compound. The solid polymeric matrix is formed by solidifying of a modified POSS compound under ultraviolet irradiation or heating.

Abstract: A printed circuit that comprises a substrate, electrical interconnects and a double-resin ink having a positive temperature coefficient (PTC), wherein the double-resin ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the double-resin ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius. The substrate is a fabric or mesh, while the double-resin ink and the electrical interconnects are deposited onto the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a mechanically flexible, electrically conductive, and optically transparent silver nanowire film and demonstrates its specific application in light transmission controlling devices.

Abstract: A reverse mode light valve, the manufacture of a light control device and a method of controlling light transmittance by using of the reverse mode light valve, the reverse mode light valve containing ABX3 perovskite particles (200) suspended in a liquid suspension (300) can control light transmittance in a higher light transmittance when the power is turned off (OFF state) and lower light transmittance when the power is turned on (ON state). In the ABX3 perovskite particles (200), A is at least one of Cs+, CH3NH3+, and Rb+, B is at least one of Pb2+, Ge2+, and Sn2+, and X is at least one of Cl?, Br?, and I?.

Abstract: A light valve containing ABX3 perovskite particles (200) suspended in a liquid suspension (300) that can control light transmittance is provided. The preferable ABX3 perovskite particles (200) are halide ABX3 perovskite particles wherein A is at least one of Cs+, CH3NH3+, and Rb+, B is at least one of Pb2+, Ge2+, and Sn2+, and X is at least one of Cl?, Br?, and I?. Use of the light valve in the manufacture of a light control device and a method of controlling light transmittance by using the light valve are also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is an inorganic-organic hybrid core-shell nanorod (200) and a light valve having the nanorod (200). The nanorod (200) comprises a nanorod inner core composed of a metal oxide and a nanorod shell composed of an inorganic-organic complex containing carbon and nitrogen atoms. The nanorod inner core is titanium dioxide TiO2. The core-shell nanorod employs the metal oxide as a core body and the inorganic-organic complex as a shell to account for the many advantages of inorganic-organic hybrid materials, nanomaterials, and the core-shell structure. The synergistic effect of multiple characteristics allows the material to have unique properties. The light valve made of the material has excellent performance, can adjust the light transmittance in a wider range, and has excellent application prospects.

Abstract: The present invention provides a plastic article containing suspended photochromic dye molecules, and the said suspended photochromic dye molecules suspended in liquid micro-droplets of a suspension medium, and the said micro-droplets of the said suspension medium containing the said suspended photochromic dye molecules are embedded inside a solid polymer matrix, and the said solid polymer matrix is formed by polymerization of liquid polymer precursors. The invented structure of a plastic article containing suspended photochromic dye molecules exhibits fast response time and enhances photochromic performance.

Abstract: An article comprising a double-switching heater that comprises a double-switching PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The double-switching PTC ink comprises a first resin and a second resin; the first resin provides a first PTC effect within a first temperature range (T1, T2); the second resin provides a second PTC effect within a second temperature range (T3, T4), where T3?T2; the first resin has an NTC effect above the first temperature range; the second PTC effect is greater than the first PTC effect; and the second PTC effect overlaps with, and is greater than, the NTC effect of the first resin. The substrate can be either thermal polyurethane, nylon or a polyester blend.

Abstract: An article comprising a heater that comprises a high-resistance magnification (HRM) PTC ink deposited on a flexible substrate to form one or more resistors. The HRM PTC ink has a resistance magnification of at least 20 in a temperature range of at least 20 degrees Celsius above a switching temperature of the ink, the resistance magnification being defined as a ratio between a resistance of the double-resin ink at a temperature ‘T’ and a resistance of the double-resin ink at 25 degrees Celsius.