Abstract: A sample treatment system includes a robot that includes a main body with a plurality of arms and a plurality of hand tools to be detachably attached to the plurality of arms, and a treatment instrument for treating a sample is disposed within the reach of the hand tools attached to the plurality of arms. The robot selects and puts on suitable hand tools according to a treatment to be performed on a sample to treat the sample.

Abstract: Values of input parameters are set. Simulations are executed in parallel for individual sets of input parameters by a plurality of processors to obtain design values which are execution results. The obtained design values are compared with the design condition. Directory files are constructed for plural kinds of input parameters corresponding to design values satisfying the design condition. Accumulative distribution in the distribution of parameter input values are determined in respect of the individual kinds of input parameters. Input values of parameters to be referred are extracted on the basis of values of the accumulative distribution every kind of input parameter. The kind of input parameter, the extracted input values and the number of the extracted input values are displayed through an input interface every kind of input parameter.

Abstract: A primer design system in which DNA nucleotide sequences are obtained from a database comprising a plurality of different DNA nucleotide sequences, and the nucleotide sequences of primers capable of hybridizing specifically to the DNA thus obtained are determined. A plurality of primers capable of hybridizing specifically to mutually different DNAs can be efficiently designed.

Abstract: Disclosed is means capable of solving trouble in managing data formats and procedures and capable of carrying out advanced preprocessing more intuitively. A data aggregate to be inputted to a mining engine is converted into hierarchical unit trees, and node conditions of the hierarchical unit trees are changed, whereby the data aggregate and a data structure are subjected to dynamic conversion/edition processing. Thus, a system is constructed, in which preprocessing for data mining is unitarily managed/semi-automated.

Abstract: A primer design system in which DNA nucleotide sequences are obtained from a database comprising a plurality of different DNA nucleotide sequences, and the nucleotide sequences of primers capable of hybridizing specifically to the exons predicted from the DNAs thus obtained are determined. A plurality of primers are simultaneously designed by using each of the predicted exons as a template. In addition, specificity evaluation is conducted for the exons, the primers and the primer pairs.

Abstract: Disclosed is means capable of solving trouble in managing data formats and procedures and capable of carrying out advanced preprocessing more intuitively. A data aggregate to be inputted to a mining engine is converted into hierarchical unit trees, and node conditions of the hierarchical unit trees are changed, whereby the data aggregate and a data structure are subjected to dynamic conversion/edition processing. Thus, a system is constructed, in which preprocessing for data mining is unitarily managed/semi-automated.

Abstract: Information demanded by a user can be provided more accurately and intelligibly. When query information is inputted to a text-format file name input form, a natural language input form, a UI number input form, a URL input form, a readout form for registered query conceptions or the like on a screen for generation of a query conception, a query conception assembled from the query information is represented on a screen as a query vector containing a plurality of keywords and weights of the respective keywords. A user can confirm the query conception by viewing the query vector and modify the query conception if necessary.

Abstract: Values of input parameters are set. Simulations are executed in parallel for individual sets of input parameters by a plurality of processors to obtain design values which are execution results. The obtained design values are compared with the design condition. Directory files are constructed for plural kinds of input parameters corresponding to design values satisfying the design condition. Accumulative distribution in the distribution of parameter input values are determined in respect of the individual kinds of input parameters. Input values of parameters to be referred are extracted on the basis of values of the accumulative distribution every kind of input parameter. The kind of input parameter, the extracted input values and the number of the extracted input values are displayed through an input interface every kind of input parameter.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of simulation programs is linked with a data conversion library and is executed as a simulation process. A data conversion process is executed in correspondence with each simulation process. In exchanging data resulted from simulation by the simulation process of one of the simulation programs with simulation processes of the other simulation programs, the data conversion process provided for a sending simulation process determines a receiving simulation process to which the data is to be sent, and sends the data to the data conversion process corresponding to the receiving simulation process. The data conversion process for the receiving simulation process performs data conversion for absorbing difference between the base of the sending simulation process and the base of the receiving simulation process, and transfers the data after the conversion to the receiving simulation process.

Abstract: An extremely high-speed, very stable system and a method for concurrent computing between heterogeneous simulators are shown, in which heterogeneous simulators for analyzing a complicated physical phenomenon are coupled based on a coupled equation thereby to obviate the disadvantages of the conventional noncoupled and coupled methods. A numerical calculation unit includes a calculation control unit equipped with an agent function having a heterogeneous coupling variational equation calculation unit, a convergence decision unit and a search vector setting unit. A parameter and a variable are supplied from the heterogeneous coupling variational equation calculation unit into and out of a simulator A, a simulator B and a heterogeneous coupled equation thereby to form the heterogeneous coupling variational equation 1 and thus to determine a globally consistent solution.

Abstract: A logical operation circuit in which wiring as generally performed between transistors is made unnecessary to improve reliability, stability and integration degree of a logical circuit using a tunnel phenomenon, for example, a single-electron tunnel phenomenon, or a flight phenomenon of a particle group. Conducting materials are arranged in a two-dimensional plane or three-dimensional space in the logical circuit. When two conducting materials are arranged to be nearest each other, the two conducting materials are connected, for example, by a single-electron tunnel phenomenon. When two conducting materials are arranged to be not nearest, there is no connection between the conducting materials by the tunnel phenomenon. Propagation of electrons is controlled by changing the arrangement.

Abstract: Carbon atoms are arranged stably in the form of a torus or in the form of a helical coil to give novel topological properties to the carbon atoms to thereby provide various functions of carbon molecules. A plurality of sixfold rings each including six carbon atoms are arranged in the form of a torus, and then these sixfold rings are partially replaced by fivefold and sevenfold rings to obtain a stable structure. That is, a part of the outer wall surface of a torus constituted by a plurality of sixfold rings and a part of the inner wall surface of the torus are replaced by fivefold rings and sevenfold rings respectively to obtain a stable structure. Further, a molecule in which carbon atoms are arranged to form a toroidal or helically-coiled stable structure or a cluster in which a plurality of such molecules are arranged spatially is constructed by using an STM.

Abstract: A generation method of particle simulation programs includes a translation and discretization process of equation of motion of particles for recognizing attributes of a space and particles based on information of the particle simulation to generate expressions of calculations, tables, and internal data and a generation process of programs for creating calculation programs and simulation input data from the generated expressions of calculations, tables, and internal data. According to information inputted from a screen of a graphic terminal, various control conditions are produced to control processes of the simulation.

Abstract: An interband single-electron tunnel/transistor utilizes an interband single-electron tunneling phenomenon between a valence band and a conduction band through a p-n junction. The transistor includes the combination of microcapacities as fundamental constituent elements each formed by joining a p-type semiconductor material doped with an impurity in the degree of concentration with which a Fermi level overlaps a valence band and an n-type semiconductor material doped with an impurity in the degree of concentration with which the Fermi level overlaps a conduction band. The microcapacity includes a p-n junction having a junction area with which interband electron tunneling is inhibited due to Coulomb blockade.

Abstract: A finely structured grooved gate transistor of which the threshold voltage does not decrease in spite of the small size and of which the threshold voltage of the transistor can be adjusted by shape. The shape of a groove corner of the transistor as a semiconductor device is contained in a concentric circle having a radius of curvature r.+-.L/5 (L: channel length) and the radius of curvature r, i.e., the geometric parameter has a relationship with the doping concentration as shown in FIG. 1B. Alternatively, the average (a+b)/2 (geometric parameter) of the sum of the two sides opposite the right angle of a right triangle formed of a straight line in contact with the gate bottom in parallel to the substrate surface of a grooved gate transistor, a perpendicular line to the substrate bottom surface from the source and drain ends at a portion formed with a channel and a straight line in contact with the groove corner has a relationship with the doping concentration as shown in FIG. 1B.

Abstract: Carbon atoms are arranged stably in the form of a torus or in the form of a helical coil to give novel topological properties to the carbon atoms to thereby provide various functions of carbon molecules. A plurality of sixfold rings each including six carbon atoms are arranged in the form of a torus, and then these sixfold rings are partially replaced by fivefold and sevenfold rings to obtain a stable structure. That is, a part of the outer wall surface of a torus constituted by a plurality of sixfold rings and a part of the inner wall surface of the torus are replaced by fivefold rings and sevenfold rings respectively to obtain a stable structure. Further, a molecule in which carbon atoms are arranged to form a toroidal or helically-coiled stable structure or a cluster in which a plurality of such molecules are arranged spatially is constructed by using an STM.

Abstract: An information storage apparatus in which one unit (or one bit) of information is stored by bringing a fine tip electrode with a tip portion of a dimension on the order of an inter-atomic distance (or several angstroms) in proximity to an atom on a flat surface of a material (for example, a semiconductor) with a gap on the order of an inter-atomic distance being provided between the tip electrode and the atom, and applying a voltage to the tip electrode so that the alignment of a dimer (or a pair of atoms) on the material surface in the vicinity of the tip electrode is changed by virtue of a tunnelling effect which is a quantum mechanical effect.

Abstract: An interband single-electron tunnel transistor utilizes an interband single-electron tunneling phenomenon between a valence band and a conduction band through a p-n junction. The transistor includes the combination of microcapacities as fundamental constituent elements each formed by joining a p-type semiconductor material doped with an impurity in the degree of concentration with which a Fermi level overlaps a valence band and an n-type semiconductor material doped with an impurity in the degree of concentration with which the Fermi level overlaps a conduction band. The microcapacity includes a p-n junction having a junction area with which interband electron tunneling is inhibited due to Coulomb blockade.

Abstract: A compiler for generating from a serially processed type source program described in a high level language the object codes to be executed in parallel by a parallel processor system which is composed of a plurality of processors marked with respective identification numbers and in which inter-processor data transfer system for identifying data for transfer by data identifiers is adopted. The serially executed source program is first translated to programs to be executed in parallel. The inter-processor data transfer processing is extracted from the flow of processings involved in executing the programs for parallel execution resulting from the above-mentioned translation, and all the interprocessor data transfer processings are attached with data identifiers such that no overlap takes place.