Abstract: Triarylphosphates are prepared by phosphorylation of alkylphenols without use of phosphorylation catalyst. An improved phosphorylation step includes preheating alkylphenol feedstock to 150.degree. C. and completing reaction at 215.degree. C. or above in the presence of a stoichiometric excess of alkylphenol. The absence of phosphorylation catalyst simplifies distillative purification of reaction product by eliminating the need to withdraw purified product as distillate.

Abstract: A process for producing tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate which is stable at low temperature by a process wherein phenol is butylated to produce tert-butylphenol which is isomerized to produce mixed meta and para isomers thereof, and which thereafter is alkylated with isobutylene to produce tert-butylphenol having a C.sub.4 /.phi. ratio of about 0.62. The tert-butylphenol is then phosphorylated to the tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate meta/para mixture with phosphorus oxychloride. The disclosed process provides a tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate which will not freeze or gel at low temperatures.

Abstract: A process for producing tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate which is stable at low temperature by a process wherein phenol is butylated to produce tert-butylphenol which is isomerized to produce mixed meta and para isomers thereof, and which thereafter is alkylated with isobutylene to produce tert-butylphenol having a C.sub.4 /.phi. ratio of about 0.62. The tert-butylphenol is then phosphorylated to the tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate meta/para mixture with phosphorus oxychloride. The disclosed process provides a tert-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate which will not freeze or gel at low temperatures.

Abstract: A carbonate ester of the formula: ##STR1## where n is an integer of from 0 to 4 and m is an integer of from 8 to 14 and carbonate ester compositions containing at least one of such compounds are disclosed. These compounds or compositions can be added to vinyl chloride polymer compositions to plasticize said compositions.

Abstract: Tertiary-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate esters in which the nominal molar ratio of tertiary-butyl radicals to phenyl radicals ranges from about 1:5 to about 1:2, the meta-tertiary-butylphenyl content ranges from about 25% to about 100 % and the ortho-tertiary-butylphenyl content is less than about 50% are highly effective plasticizers for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: Monoisopropylphenyl/phenyl phosphate containing mixtures are prepared by, (1) alkylating phenol with propylene to C.sub.3 /.phi. ratio of less than 0.30 with a p-toluene sulfonic acid catalyst, (2) removing unreacted phenol as distillate to yield a distilland having a C.sub.3 /.phi. ratio above 0.3 and thereafter, (3) phosphorylating the distilland to yield a triaryl phosphate mixture having a reduced 2,6-diisopropylphenyl phosphate content.

Abstract: Tertiary-butylphenyl diphenyl phosphate esters in which the nominal molar ratio of tertiary-butyl radicals to phenyl radicals ranges from about 1:5 to about 1:2, the meta-tertiary-butylphenyl content ranges from about 25% to about 100% and the ortho-tertiary-butylphenyl content is less than about 50% are highly effective plasticizers for vinyl chloride polymer compositions.

Abstract: A polyphosphorous mixed phosphite-phosphonate polymer flame retardant having an OH number less than one and containing both alkyl phosphite and haloalkyl phosphonate linkages.

Abstract: Meta-alkylphenols are prepared by the isomerization of nonmeta-alkylphenols in the presence of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid. Ortho-isomer-containing alkylphenols are isomerized to increase their meta-isomer content and reduce their ortho-isomer content.

Abstract: A continuous process for preparing methane sulfonyl chloride by the reaction of methyl mercaptan with chlorine in the presence of an aqueous bath of hydrogen chloride at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: Polyalkylene glycol alkyl polyphosphites characterized by low OH numbers and relatively little glycol in the side chain are prepared by reacting a tertiary phosphite with a polyalkylene glycol in a molar ratio of from about 1 to 1.5 moles of phosphite per mole of glycol. These polyphosphites have wide utility as intermediates in the preparation of flame retardants suitable for use in flexible urethane foams.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of a phosphite ester for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of a soluble nitrilotriacetate salt for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of a sodium salt selected from the group consisting of sodium dithionite and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of a stannous fatty acid salt for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of a water soluble salt of a reduced form of sulfur for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of a triorganoaluminum or organoaluminum hydride for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises contacting the esters with an effective amount of an oxidizable nitrogenous compound for a sufficient length of time to decolorize and stabilize the esters against subsequent color formation.

Abstract: A method for decolorizing and stabilizing alkylphenyl esters of phosphoric acid which comprises the in situ addition of an effective amount of PCl.sub.3 to the POCL.sub.3 reacted with an alkyl phenol so as to produce a decolorized and stabilized phosphate ester.