Abstract: The invention discloses a method for preparing a water-soluble phytosterol nano-dispersion system with intestinal targeted release function, which comprises the following steps: preparing a phytosterol solution; preparing an ethanol aqueous solution containing pectin; then adding zein to obtain a zein pectin solution; mixing the phytosterol solution and the zein pectin solution by means of ultrasonic treatment to obtain a nanoparticle dispersion liquid; rotavaping the nano-particle dispersion liquid to remove ethanol and water to obtain a zein/pectin loaded phytosterol nano-dispersion system. In this invention, not only an ultrasonic method and an anti-solvent method are adopted, but also a pectin component is added with zein as an entrapping agent, which ensures an effective entrapping of phytosterol by zein while further facilitating to form a more compact interface structure and improving a stability of the nano-dispersion system.

Abstract: A light transmission system is provided for operating an optically responsive circuit. The system includes a light guide film (LGF) to transmit light emitted from its edge, and a scattering node for directing the light to the circuit. The circuit is disposed on a proximate face of the LGF. The scattering node is disposed on a distal face of the LGF opposite the circuit. The circuit can be an integrated circuit, a light detection sensor or a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: An optically tunable metamaterial unit cell is provided for photonic switching. The cell is optically tunable and includes a dielectric substrate with upper and lower surfaces. The cell further includes arrays of metamaterial elements and a layer of photo-capacitive material. The arrays are disposed the upper surface of the dielectric substrate. The metamaterial is capable of reflecting electromagnetic radiation. The layer of photo-capacitive material overlaps the arrays of metamaterial elements. The photo-capacitive material is optically tunable.

Abstract: A control device is provided for photonic switching. The device includes an optically tunable metamaterial unit cell. This structure includes a dielectric substrate; at least two arrays of metamaterial elements located on the top surface thereof, the metamaterial being capable of reflecting electromagnetic radiation, and a layer of photo-capacitive material overlapping the at least two arrays of metamaterial elements, the photo-capacitance of the photo-capacitive material being optically tunable; and a reflectarray or phased array system containing the unit cell.

Abstract: A radio frequency identifier (RFID) tag is provided for receiving and reflecting electromagnetic energy at select frequency bands of visible and infrared wavelengths. The RFID tag includes an electrically conductive backplane; a dielectric substrate disposed on the backplane; a light guide film (LGF) disposed on the substrate, and metamaterial elements. The LGF has an exposed surface segregated into domains. The metamaterial devices are disposed on a domain. Each device is tuned to respond to a corresponding frequency among the select frequency bands.

Abstract: A light transmission system is provided for operating an optically responsive circuit. The system includes a light guide film (LGF) to transmit light emitted from its edge, and a scattering node for directing the light to the circuit. The circuit is disposed on a proximate face of the LGF. The scattering node is disposed on a distal face of the LGF opposite the circuit. The circuit can be an integrated circuit, a light detection sensor or a photovoltaic cell.

Abstract: A photoconductive device is provided for changing dielectric properties in response to select electromagnetic radiation. The device includes an optical core, an optical filter disposed on the core, and an optically clear insulator disposed on the filter. One example core is a quantum dot. Another example core is an optically clear core overlaid by a photoconductive coating disposed thereon.

Abstract: A metafilm coating having omni-directional bending of electromagnetic waves to the normal direction includes at least one medium having an effective relative permittivity of epsilon-near-zero, ?. The real component of the effective relative permittivity along the z-axis, (?z), perpendicular to the x-y plane, of the at medium, is about zero. At least one receptor is associated with the medium.

Abstract: A dielectric composite material is provided for switch control by optical stimulus. The material includes a plurality of photo-conductive particulates; and a transparent binder for containing the plurality of particulates to form a photo-conductive pigment based matrix. The pigment based matrix is disposed on to overlap first and second separate electrodes to produce an electrical junction. Capacitance of the pigment based matrix changes from a first value absent the optical stimulus to a second value in response to illumination at a specific electromagnetic frequency and intensity by the optical stimulus.

Abstract: An electromagnetic reflector for reflecting an electromagnetic signal is provided based on meta-surface phase control using photo-capacitive materials, varactors or other tuning means. The shape of the metamaterial unit cell enhances the resonance and phase shift. The reflector includes first and second cells having respective first and second phase states, along with a switch for selecting between the first and second cells.

Abstract: A metafilm is provided for operating on a photon at a defined wavelength, for super-scattering, absorption, and for laser absorber switch. The metafilm includes dimers and a conductive substrate for embedding the dimers in an array. Each dimer comprises a pair of a gain element and a loss element. The substrate, and the gain and loss elements have complex permittivity values. The metafilm super-scatters (e.g., lases) the photon in response to increasing the imaginary component of either the substrate or the loss element, and absorbs the photon in response to increasing the imaginary component of the gain element.

Abstract: A metafilm is provided for operating on a photon at a defined wavelength, for super-scattering, absorption, and for laser absorber switch. The metafilm includes dimers and a conductive substrate for embedding the dimers in an array. Each dimer comprises a pair of a gain element and a loss element. The substrate, and the gain and loss elements have complex permittivity values. The metafilm super-scatters (e.g., lases) the photon in response to increasing the imaginary component of either the substrate or the loss element, and absorbs the photon in response to increasing the imaginary component of the gain element.

Abstract: Nanoplasmonic cavities for photovoltaic applications include at least one transparent conductive substrate. The nanoplasmonic cavities comprising a sandwich of layers incorporating a first plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer, at least one photoabsorber layer and a at least one electron transfer layer and a second plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer.

Abstract: Nanoplasmonic cavities for photovoltaic applications include at least one transparent conductive substrate. A first plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer is associated with the transparent conductive substrate. At least one photoabsorber layer is associated with the first plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer. At least one electron transfer layer is associated with the photoabsorber layer. A second plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer is associated with the electron transfer layer. Multiple nanoplasmonic cavities can be electrically connected to provide greater photovoltaic efficiency.

Abstract: Nanoplasmonic cavities for photovoltaic applications include at least one transparent conductive substrate. A first plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer is associated with the transparent conductive substrate. At least one photoabsorber layer is associated with the first plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer. At least one electron transfer layer is associated with the photoabsorber layer. A second plasmonic electrically conductive nanostructure layer is associated with the electron transfer layer.

Abstract: Altering the direction of thermal radiation of any objects into any construction directions including grazing angles. Embodiments of the invention provide a new technique for thermal control and management.

Abstract: An angular and spectral selective absorber in ultrathin metamaterials is an absorber having an absorption wavelength, ?. Embodiments of the invention include at least one primary layer having a thickness, d, and a relative permittivity of epsilon-near-zero, ?. At least one reflective secondary layer is associated with the primary layer. The association is by bonding.

Abstract: A dual-band wide-angle absorber/thermal emitter includes at least one primary layer having a permittivity described by the Drude-Lorentz model. At least one reflective secondary layer is associated with the primary layer.

Abstract: A graphical technique and three phase unwrapping techniques for retrieving bulk permittivity and permeability tensors of materials, and more specifically, the new technique provides for retrieving isotropic and anisotropic material parameters.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for imparting wide angle low reflection on any high reflective surfaces through resonant excitation of plasmonic leaky mode of a nanocavity.