Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first wireless device may determine a best beam for communications with a second wireless device using a beam selection procedure and beam selection algorithm based on measurements of one or more beam selection parameters for different layers of beams. For example, the first wireless device may measure a beam selection parameter to select a first layer beam and then may measure the beam selection parameter for one or more second layer beams corresponding to the first layer beam. Based on the beam selection parameter measurements, the first wireless device may determine to backtrack and select a different first layer beam to continue the beam selection procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device may apply dithering to the initially selected first layer beam to decrease chances the initially selected first layer beam is selected again.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A first wireless device may determine a best beam for communications with a wireless device using a beam selection procedure and beam selection algorithm based on measurements of one or more beam selection parameters for different layers of beams. For example, the first wireless device may measure a beam selection parameter to select a first layer beam and then may measure the beam selection parameter for one or more second layer beams corresponding to the first layer beam. Based on the beam selection parameter measurements, the first wireless device may determine to backtrack and select a different first layer beam to continue the beam selection procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device may apply dithering to the initially selected first layer beam to decrease chances the initially selected first layer beam is selected again.

Abstract: An Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) includes a plurality of hardware modules including a pair of analog input modules (AIM) modules, a Power Supply Module (PSM), and a Binary Input/Output (BIO) module. Each module is configured for mounting in a first IED housing that has a first form factor. The PSM and BIO module are constructed and arranged to directly connect with electrical connections of the first housing. A second IED housing is provided that has a second form factor that is different from the first form factor. The AIM modules are mounted to a bottom panel of the second housing. The PSM and the BIO module are mounted in the second housing. Wiring electrically connects the AIM modules to connections on the second housing. Adaptor structure electrically connects the PSM and the BIO module with associated connections of the second housing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) with new hardware modules. Hardware modules are provided that are configured for electrically connecting with connections of a first IED housing that has a first form factor. A second IED housing is provided having a second form factor that is different from the first form factor. The hardware modules are mounted in the second housing. Adaptor structure is employed to electrically connect the hardware modules with connections of the second housing. The second housing is mounted into an existing wiring and second form factor environment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) with new hardware modules. Hardware modules are provided that are configured for electrically connecting with connections of a first IED housing that has a first form factor. A second IED housing is provided having a second form factor that is different from the first form factor. The hardware modules are mounted in the second housing. Adaptor structure is employed to electrically connect the hardware modules with connections of the second housing. The second housing is mounted into an existing wiring and second form factor environment.

Abstract: An Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) includes a plurality of hardware modules including a pair of analog input modules (AIM) modules, a Power Supply Module (PSM), and a Binary Input/Output (BIO) module. Each module is configured for mounting in a first IED housing that has a first form factor. The PSM and BIO module are constructed and arranged to directly connect with electrical connections of the first housing. A second IED housing is provided that has a second form factor that is different from the first form factor. The AIM modules are mounted to a bottom panel of the second housing. The PSM and the BIO module are mounted in the second housing. Wiring electrically connects the AIM modules to connections on the second housing. Adaptor structure electrically connects the PSM and the BIO module with associated connections of the second housing.

Abstract: A railway monitoring system firstly includes an optical fiber. A first part of the fiber is attachable to one of a pair of tracks of a rail, and a characteristic of the first part of the fiber is variable in correspondence to variance of a characteristic of said one track where the first part of fiber is attached. The system also includes an optical signal emitter connected to the fiber for emitting an optical signal into the fiber, and the fiber generates at least a first altered optical signal, which contains information relating to the variance of the characteristic of the part of the fiber. The system further includes an optical signal analyzer connected to the fiber for receiving and analyzing the first altered optical signal so as to ascertain the variance of said characteristic of said one track based upon the information contained in the first altered optical signal.

Abstract: A mount (20) for a temperature-compensated fiber optic strain gauge (10), the mount (20) comprising: a void (19) located at a middle portion of the mount (20) to separate the mount (20) into a first section (17) and a second section (18); and removable bridges (24) to connect the first section (17) to the second section (18); wherein after the mount (20) has been operatively attached to a host structure (5), the removable bridges (24) are removed.

Abstract: An axial-flux electric motor includes a stator having a plurality of stator windings and a plurality of stator pole-pairs, a first rotor configured to magnetically interact with the stator in an axial direction, the first rotor is positioned on one side of the stator, having a plurality of permanent magnets embedded thereon with a plurality of rotor pole-pairs, a second rotor configured to magnetically interact with the stator in the axial direction, the second rotor is position on another side of the stator, having a plurality of permanent magnets embedded thereon with a plurality of rotor pole-pairs, and a plurality of stationary ferromagnetic segments, positioned between the stator and the first rotor and between the stator and the second rotor, the ferromagnetic segments are adapted to modulate magnetic field of the permanent magnets in the axial direction.

Abstract: A mount (20) for a temperature-compensated fibre optic strain gauge (10), the mount (20) comprising: a void (19) located at a middle portion of the mount (20) to separate the mount (20) into a first section (17) and a second section (18); and removable bridges (24) to connect the first section (17) to the second section (18); wherein after the mount (20) has been operatively attached to a host structure (5), the removable bridges (24) are removed.

Abstract: A temperature-compensated fibet optic strain gauge (10) for measuring strain of a host structure (5), the strain gauge (10) comprising: a mount (20) having a void (19) separating a first section (17) from a second section (18); a first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (30); a second fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (40); and removable bridging portions (24) adjacent to the void (19) to connect the first section (17) to the second section (18), the bridging portions (24) being removed after the mount (20) is operatively attached to the host structure (5); wherein a right-side failure proof feature is provided by detecting whether a reflection wavelength reverts to an original Bragg wavelength of the first FBG (40) to indicate whether the first FBG (40) has broken.

Abstract: A temperature-compensated fibre optic strain gauge (10) for measuring strain of a host structure (5), the strain gauge (10) comprising: a mount (20) to be operatively attached to the host structure (5), the mount (20) having a void (19) separating a first section (17) of the mount (20) from a second section (18) of the mount (20); a first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (30) recorded within a core of an optical fiber (11) to measure strain and temperature, the first FBG (30) being located transverse to the void (19) and a first end portion of the first FBG (30) is operatively attached to the first section (17) of the mount (20) and a second end portion of the first FBG (30) is operatively attached to the second section (18) of the mount (20), the end portions of the first FBG (30) being pre-strained by an amount larger than a predetermined operational range of the first FBG (30); a second fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (40) recorded within the core of the optical fiber (11) to measure temperature, the temperature measur

Abstract: The present invention relates a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) system and methods for addressing voltage dips. The instant DVR incorporates high frequency technology, such as a high frequency transformer, to generate a square wave voltage from a storage device, such square wave being modulated prior to being delivered to a load. The generation of the square wave and modulation thereto creates a voltage that reacts fast to voltage dips, while addressing wide ranging harmonics usually present in square waves.

Abstract: A railway monitoring system firstly includes an optical fiber. A first part of the fiber is attachable to one of a pair of tracks of a rail, and a characteristic of the first part of the fiber is variable in correspondence to variance of a characteristic of said one track where the first part of fiber is attached. The system also includes an optical signal emitter connected to the fiber for emitting an optical signal into the fiber, and the fiber generates at least a first altered optical signal, which contains information relating to the variance of the characteristic of the part of the fiber. The system further includes an optical signal analyzer connected to the fiber for receiving and analyzing the first altered optical signal so as to ascertain the variance of said characteristic of said one track based upon the information contained in the first altered optical signal.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus and method for indexing a length of film for severance. The apparatus comprises a linear feeding device operative to hold the film and to feed a predetermined amount of film to a trimming device by moving linearly between an initial position and another position towards the trimming device. A film holder located between the linear feeding device and the trimming device is operable between a first position wherein a gap is provided for the film to pass through during feeding to the trimming device, and a second position for clamping the film when severing the film with the trimming device.