Abstract: Provided is an electrically conductive roller capable of preventing the occurrence of filming for a long time and of providing toners with a desired quantity of electric charge, and a development apparatus and an image-forming device capable of forming high quality images for a long time. The electrically conductive roller has a urethane coat layer that contains a urethane resin and a particulate amino resin, wherein the urethane coat layer is formed on an outer circumferential face of an elastic layer, and a development apparatus and image-forming device equipped with the electrically conductive roller.

Abstract: In an image forming method including a charging step, an exposure step, a development step using a developing roll, a transfer step, a fixing step and a cleaning step of removing a toner remaining on the surface of a photosensitive member after the transfer step, the developing roll has a surface brightness of 30 to 220 and a surface roughness Rz of 1 to 20 ?m, the cleaning blade is a cleaning blade made of a polyurethane elastomer and having a peak value of at most 0.95, a peak temperature of ?15 to 10° C. and a width at half maximum of at least 25° C. in viscoelasticity tan ?, the toner has a volume average particle diameter of 4 to 10 ?m and an average circularity from 0.950 to 0.995, the charge level of the toner on the surface of the photosensitive member is 10 to 80 ?C/g in terms of an absolute value, and the pH of a water extract of the toner is 3 to 8.

Abstract: In an image forming method including a charging step, an exposure step, a development step using a developing roll, a transfer step, a fixing step and a cleaning step of removing a toner remaining on the surface of a photosensitive member after the transfer step, the developing roll has a surface brightness of 30 to 220 and a surface roughness Rz of 1 to 20 ?m, the cleaning blade is a cleaning blade made of a polyurethane elastomer and having a peak value of at most 0.95, a peak temperature of ?15 to 10° C. and a width at half maximum of at least 25° C. in viscoelasticity tan ?, the toner has a volume average particle diameter of 4 to 10 ?m and an average circularity from 0.950 to 0.995, the charge level of the toner on the surface of the photosensitive member is 10 to 80 ?C/g in terms of an absolute value, and the pH of a water extract of the toner is 3 to 8.