Abstract: An adaptor assembly is disclosed in two embodiments. Each embodiment is for connecting a tubing to a fitting of different size. The alternate embodiment is similar to the first embodiment except that it cooperates with a male fitting as opposed to a female fitting. In the embodiment for connection to a female fitting, a hollow threaded nut drives a tapered spool into a tubular seat, and the tubing is placed on the interior of the nut, spool and seat. All of this is placed in a hollow threaded adaptor which abuts a larger tapered spool, all of which threads into the female fitting. When the components are threaded together, they squeeze and clamp the tubing. The tubing, once clamped, is held securely and cannot be pulled free. The threaded adaptor has a wall thickness enabling it to mate with a fitting of any suitable size.

Abstract: Apparatus for delivering different samples to a liquid chromatograph is disclosed. The valving apparatus includes a commutated valve having N loops, where N is a whole number integer. The loops are isolated from one another. Selected loops are cycled by rotation of an inlet and outlet connected to selected loops. The valving apparatus further includes a valve mechanism having multiple ports which connect with an inlet, a sample holding loop, a liquid chromatographic pump, a chromatographic column for separation of constituents of the sample and other functional connections to carry on chromatographic analysis.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detection of monoalkylhalides is disclosed. This apparatus contemplates detection of extremely small traces of monoalkylhalides through the nucleophilic substitution of a heavier halogen (preferably iodine) by introducing a sample gas having a monoalkylhalide therein in trace concentrations to be detected and passing it through a closed container providing a surplus of heavier halide ions. An exemplary source of a heavier halide is a container having an alkali iodide therein heated to a temperature sufficiently elevated to initiate iodine disassociation, such as 250.degree. C. An exchange of an iodine for a covalently bound fluorine or chlorine atom is achieved. The monoalkylhalide then has a larger molecular diameter and more complex electronic structure than that originally provided. It also has an enhanced affinity for slow or low energy electrons. This enhances the operation of detection equipment exemplified by an electron capture detector.

Abstract: A sample measuring apparatus is disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, a syringe having a set of calibrations is used to collect a specimen. The syringe has a set of calibrations which are offset from actual zero. The extent of offset accommodates the connecting volume found in a sample injection valve between the end of the syringe's outlet and the front of the portion of the sample actually injected. This enables the sample to be injected into a high resolution liquid chromatography column when an injection valve is switched. This enables the injection of a specified calibrated sample. Moreover, sufficient sample is injected to overcome the connecting volume or offset occurring in the injection valve where a connecting volume in the valve captures and holds a certain portion of the specimen. This connecting volume is held to a practical minimum.