Abstract: A system and method for recording and reconstructing uniformly magnified three-dimensional images from digital representations of integral photographs. Several camera and projector embodiments are provided along with a means for direct transmission without projection to a special screen that reconstructs the three-dimensional images. This invention is particulary applicable to showing non-stereoscopic three-dimensional motion pictures that reconstruct from integral photographs or holograms that may be viewed without the need for special glasses.

Abstract: A light and efficient engine for air vehicles, ground vehicles, boats, ships, and submarines. The engine operates in a closed and controlled gas environment according to the radiometric principles. It comprises a multiplicity of specially fabricated modules used as vanes for large torque generation upon application of temperature gradients. High efficiency heat pumps are used to maintain the temperature gradients. The engine is quiet, does not burn hydrocarbon fuels, and is more resistant, efficient, and compact than previously proposed radiometric devices. The engine can be used in vehicles completely immerged in liquids.

Abstract: A method for rearranging the elemental images of an integral photograph into a new arrangement where the newly arranged elemental images may be of the same or different shapes and dimensions. The method involves producing a hologram using a reference beam emanating from a first mask characteristic of the integral photograph and an object beam emanating from a second mask characteristic of the new arrangement. The hologram may be produced by incremental exposure either by moving the reference and object beams between successive exposures or by moving apertures between successive exposures.

Abstract: A method of preparing a hologram that is a holographic optical element to transfer low-abberation and low-distortion images using a coherent light reference beam emanating from an ordinary projection lens and a coherent light object beam emanating from a high quality low-abberation and low-distortion lens.

Abstract: A method of forming a three-dimensional orthoscopic image from a pseudoscopic image comprising preparing an integral photograph representing the pseudoscopic image, and reconstructing a three-dimensional image from that integral photograph. Since the reconstruction of a three-dimensional image from an integral photograph is pseudoscopic, and the original subject of the integral photograph is itself pseudoscopic, the reconstruction will be orthoscopic. The method uses optical and holographic fly's eye lens type arrays. The method also comprises manipulation of the elemental images of the integral photograph.

Abstract: A Modular Integral Magnifier that produces a uniformly magnified orthoscopic three-dimensional image of an original three-dimensional scene. The optical elements to achieve this effect are always maintained in relative alignment and registration regardless of movement and temperature deformations. The modules may be used together to construct a large composite high resolution viewing aperture or screen for large audiences to observe the magnified three-dimensional image. It may be used with photography, videography, or optical imaging of live scenes. It may be used for both still-life and animated three-dimensional images.

Abstract: A method of producing a holographic screen for reconstruction of uniformly magnified three-dimensional images from projected integral photographs. The screen is produced as an array of holographic imaging elements whose center distances and focal lengths have been scaled-up uniformly by the magnification factor. In the preferred embodiment, when illuminated with a white light reference beam, the screen reconstructs a linear array comprising an alternating series of red, green, and blue vertical lines. However, when an enlarged integral photograph representative of a three-dimensional scene is correctly projected onto the screen, a uniformly magnified three-dimensional image of that scene is reconstructed. The screen may be manufactured as rectangular tiles that are assembled to form the entire screen.

Abstract: A system and method that produces a uniformly magnified three-dimensional image of a three-dimensional scene. The system and method use integral photography along with a scaling-up process for magnification. In one embodiment, an integral photograph representative of a three-dimensional scene is created using an input imaging array. The integral photograph is enlarged by a magnification factor. A uniformly magnified three-dimensional image is reconstructed using an output imaging array that has been scaled-up from the first input array by the magnification factor according to the scaling-up process. In a second embodiment, no input array is used. Instead, a prepared integral frame representative of the three-dimensional scene is presented for magnification. In an embodiment, the integral frame is drawn, printed, or electronically prepared by geometric projection with the same properties as though a magnified three-dimensional scene were to be presented to a virtual imaging array (i.e., using ray tracing).

Abstract: Methods of producing holograms to be used in the SYSTEM AND APPARATUS FOR THE RECORDING AND PROJECTION OF IMAGES IN SUBSTANTIALLY 3-DIMENSIONAL FORMAT that is the subject of U.S. Pat. No. 6,224,562.