Abstract: The present invention relates to novel reaction products of azlactones and organometallic nucleophiles and the method of making these reaction products. The invention also relates to methods of using such reaction products to prevent or eliminate microbial and fungal growth on substrates. Reaction products can be provided that show improved antifouling and antimicrobial action.

Abstract: An asphalt-based roofing product includes an asphalt-based substrate such as asphalt-saturated fiberglass or cellulose felt, a non-asphalt, thermoplastic, water-resistant adhesive on the surface of the asphalt-based substrate, and a plurality of roofing granules embedded in the asphalt such that the adhesive provides an interface between the asphalt and roofing granules. The adhesive is present in an amount sufficient to improve the adhesion of the roofing granules to the asphalt.

Abstract: A coatable composition suitable for reducing dust generation during processing of granular materials consists essentially of a tackifier, an organic oil, and an adhesion agent, the tackifier consisting essentially of an organic material having a glass transition temperature of no less than about 120.degree. C. and a diluent present in sufficient amount to give the tackifier a kinematic viscosity ranging from about 3,000 to about 5,000 centistokes at 100.degree. C. The tackifier is preferably present in the composition at about 0.5 to about 2.0 weight percent of the total weight of the composition, and the adhesion agent is preferably present at about 0.5 to about 5.0 weight percent of the total weight of the composition, with the balance being organic oil.

Abstract: A granular material which includes an inorganic substrate and a ceramic coating shows improved adhesion to bituminous surfaces, decreased alkalinity, and, when formulated as a three coated algae-resistant granule, exhibits improved algae-resistance over previously known granules. The ceramic coating comprises the reaction product of an alkali metal silicate and an aluminosilicate, the ceramic coating further including a borate compound and zinc oxide having a particle size less than about 0.13 micrometer. It has been found that the use of a borate compound and zinc oxide having the stated particle size allows the granules to be adhered to a substrate for longer periods of time, thus producing a surface which retains its original color for a longer period of time. Methods of producing such ceramic-coated granular materials, and composite sheets including the granules are also presented.

Abstract: A process for improving the adhesion of roofing granules to a hot asphalt surface in the manufacture of a roofing product. Onto an asphalt-based substrate having a hot asphalt surface, an amount of a non-asphalt adhesive effective for improving adhesion of roofing granules to the hot asphalt surface is applied and then roofing granules are embedded on the hot asphalt surface. The non-asphalt adhesive can be composed of or include as a component one or more of polyolefins, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl acetate copolymers, ethylene-n-butylacrylate polymers, ethylene-methylacrylate polymers, styrene-containing block or graft copolymers, polyamide terpolymers, hydrocarbon rubbers, polyesters, polyurethanes, and siloxanes. The resulting roofing product includes an asphalt-based substrate with an asphalt surface having roofing granules imbedded thereon with a non-asphalt adhesive at the interface between the asphalt and roofing granules.

Abstract: A coatable composition suitable for reducing dust generation during processing of granular materials consists essentially of a tackifier, an organic oil, and an adhesion agent, the tackifier consisting essentially of an organic material having a glass transition temperature of no less than about 120.degree. C. and a diluent present in sufficient amount to give the tackifier a kinematic viscosity ranging from about 3,000 to about 5,000 centistokes at 100.degree. C. The tackifier is preferably present in the composition at about 0.5 to about 2.0 weight percent of the total weight of the composition, and the adhesion agent is preferably present at about 0.5 to about 5.0 weight percent of the total weight of the composition, with the balance being organic oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel fluorinated acrylamide silane monomers which are useful as adhesion promoting agents in optical fiber cladding compositions. Polymerization of the novel monomers, optionally in the presence compatible ethylenically-unsaturated monomers, provides homopolymers and copolymers which are useful as non-wetting agents.

Abstract: Roofing granules having surfaces treated with a polysiloxane that has a long-chain hydrocarbon group bonded to a silicon atom on the polysiloxane backbone wherein the long-chain hydrocarbon group preferably is a straight or branched aliphatic group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms and the roofing granules treated with such polysiloxanes demonstrate good dust control and water repellency, and also resist staining from oils in asphalt-based substrates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable coating composition comprising at least one fluorinated monoacrylate monomer, at least one polyethylenically unsaturated fluorinated crosslinking monomer different from the acrylate monomer, and at least one adhesion promoting monomer different from any other monomer in the composition of matter, which preferably is a fluorinated acrylamide silane. Optionally, fluorinated acrylamide silane monomers, non-fluorinated mono- or polyethylenically unsaturated monomers, or non-fluorinated silane adhesion promoting monomers may be added.The free radical polymerization product of the aforementioned coating composition provides a novel cladding material for optical fibers. The optical fibers of the invention can be used as waveguides in communications and laser delivery systems.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel fluorinated acrylamide silane monomers which are useful as adhesion promoting agents in optical fiber cladding compositions. Polymerization of the novel monomers, optionally in the presence compatible ethylenically-unsaturated monomers, provides homopolymers and copolymers which are useful as non-wetting agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel fluorinated acrylate and methacrylate ester monomers and homopolymers and copolymers thereof. In another aspect, it relates to a process for preparing monomers of the invention. Homopolymers and copolymers of the invention have units which correspond to the following general chemical formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, halo, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl or haloalkyl group, or a C.sub.6 to C.sub.10 aryl group,W is --O-- or --NR.sup.1 --, wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group,X is a carbon-to-carbon single bond or a spacer group,Y is a mesogenic group, andZ is a fluorinated alkyl group.The novel monomers and polymers can be liquid crystals.

Abstract: Novel optical fiber cladding compositions containing fluorinated acrylamide monomers are described. The claddings are liquids at room temperature which possess excellent coating viscosities in the pre-polymerized state and are polymerized by actinic radiation.

Abstract: An optical fibre comprising a core coated with a cladding composition having a lower refractive index than the core, said cladding composition comprising a fluorinated mono-acrylate, a polyfunctional cross-linking acrylate being difunctional or higher, and a photoinitiator, said cladding composition comprising less than 0.3% by weight of a mono- or polyfunctional thiol and being cured or cross-linked.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel silyl 2-amidoacetates and silyl 3-amidopropionates which are the reaction products of azlactone and silanol reactants. The novel products result from nucleophilic addition of a soluble or insoluble, low or high molecular weight reactant containing one or more silanol groups and a soluble or insoluble, low or high molecular weight reactant containing one or more azlactone groups. The reaction products provide for high adhesion between the siliceous and azlactone reactants, as would be useful as protective coatings particularly on silicon-containing materials. It has been recognized in the present invention that silyl 2-amidoacetates and silyl 3-amidopropionates are useful linkages between silanol and azlactone derived materials.