Abstract: A composition comprising alpha-ketoglutaric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (AKG), and one or more enzymes selected from a group consisting of a lipase, a protease and an amylase, and medical uses thereof in, neurological and/or neurodegenerative disease, neurological trauma, depression or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abstract: Compositions of peritoneal dialysis solutions and metabolizing enzymes, and their uses to treat disorders associated with elevated levels of metabolites are disclosed. Animal models of hyperoxalemia are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition comprising alpha-ketoglutaric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (AKG), and one or more enzymes selected from a group consisting of a lipase, a protease and an amylase, and medical uses thereof in, neurological and/or neurodegenerative disease, neurological trauma, depression or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abstract: A composition comprising alpha-ketoglutaric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (AKG), and one or more enzymes selected from a group consisting of a lipase, a protease and an amylase, and medical uses thereof in, neurological and/or neurodegenerative disease, neurological trauma, depression or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abstract: A composition comprising alpha-ketoglutaric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (AKG), and one or more enzymes selected from a group consisting of a lipase, a protease and an amylase, and medical uses thereof in, neurological and/or neurodegenerative disease, neurological trauma, depression or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abstract: Compositions of peritoneal dialysis solutions and metabolizing enzymes, and their uses to treat disorders associated with elevated levels of metabolites are disclosed. Animal models of hyperoxalemia are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for obtaining improved bone quality in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, the method comprising administering to a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in a sufficient amount and/or at a sufficient rate to enable a desired effect, glutamate, glutamate derivatives or metabolites, glutamate analogues or mixtures thereof. Also contemplated is a method for modulating bone quality in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, comprising administering to the vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in the need thereof, glutamate, glutamate derivatives or metabolites, glutamate analogues or mixtures thereof, for modulating the bone quality as well as a compositions for use in treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to induce maturation of an immature GI-tract, such as intestine, e.g. small intestine, the method comprising the steps of administering a mixture of enzymes to the immature GI-tract, said enzymes having a pancreatic activity or action, and/or pancreatic like activity or action, and analyzing the maturation process of the GI-tract to monitor said maturation process. Provided herein are also uses and kits to provide for GI-tract maturation.

Abstract: A composition comprising alpha-ketoglutaric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (AKG), and one or more enzymes selected from a group consisting of a lipase, a protease and an amylase, and medical uses thereof in, neurological and/or neurodegenerative disease, neurological trauma, depression or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Abstract: A method for obtaining improved bone quality in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, the method comprising administering to a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in a sufficient amount and/or at a sufficient rate to enable a desired effect, glutamate, glutamate derivatives or metabolites, glutamate analogues or mixtures thereof. Also contemplated is a method for modulating bone quality in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, comprising administering to the vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in the need thereof, glutamate, glutamate derivatives or metabolites, glutamate analogues or mixtures thereof, for modulating the bone quality as well as a compositions for use in treatment.

Abstract: A method for obtaining improved bone quality in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, the method comprising administering to a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in a sufficient amount and/or at a sufficient rate to enable a desired effect, glutamate, glutamate derivatives or metabolites, glutamate analogues or mixtures thereof. Also contemplated is a method for modulating bone quality in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, comprising administering to the vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in the need thereof, glutamate, glutamate derivatives or metabolites, glutamate analogues or mixtures thereof, for modulating the bone quality as well as a compositions for use in treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to induce maturation of an immature GI-tract, such as intestine, e.g. small intestine, the method comprising the steps of administering a mixture of enzymes to the immature GI-tract, said enzymes having a pancreatic activity or action, and/or pancreatic like activity or action, and analysing the maturation process of the GI-tract to monitor said maturation process. Provided herein are also uses and kits to provide for GI-tract maturation.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an antineoplastic preparation containing alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) or/and glutamine or/and glutamate or/and alpha-ketoglutarate of ornithine or/and dipeptides of glutamine and other amino acids or/and tripeptides of glutamine and other amino acids or/and di- and tripeptides of glutamate with other amino acid, or/and mono- and divalent metal salts and other of alpha-keto-glutarate or/and glutamine or/and glutamate or/and ornithine of alpha-ketoglutarate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an antineoplastic preparation containing alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) or/and glutamine or/and glutamate or/and alpha-ketoglutarate of ornithine or/and dipeptides of glutamine and other amino acids or/and tripeptides of glutamine and other amino acids or/and di- and tripeptides of glutamate with other amino acid, or/and mono- and divalent metal salts and other of alpha-keto-glutarate or/and glutamine or/and glutamate or/and ornithine of alpha-ketoglutarate.

Abstract: The use of at least one member selected from alpha-ketoglutaric acid, glutamine, glutamic acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of these acids, amides of alpha-ketoglutaric acid with an amino acid or di- or tripeptide, dipeptides of glutamine and another amino acid, tripeptides of glutamine and other amino acids, dipeptides of glutamine acid and other amino acids, tripeptides of glutamic acid and other amino acids and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of dipeptides and tripeptides, pharmaceutically accepted physical mixtures of alpha-ketoglutaric acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one amino acid, for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation or a food or a feed supplement for the treatment or prophylaxis of a condition of increased plasma levels of at least one member selected from cholesterol, low density lipids (LDL) and glycerides or for the promotion of high density lipid (HDL) production.

Abstract: A method for improving adsorption of amino acids in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, is included. The method comprises administering to a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in a sufficient amount and/or at a sufficient rate to enable desire effect. AKG, AKG derivatives or metabolites, AKG analogues or mixture thereof. Also conteplated is a method for decreasing adsorption of glucose in a vertebrate, including mammal and bird, in the need thereof, AKG, AKG derivates or metabolites, AKG analogues or mixture thereof, for decreasing glucose adsorption as well as compositions for use in treatment.