Abstract: Various teachings herein include a method of operating a vehicle comprising a combustion engine, an electric motor, and an electrically heated catalyst. The method includes: simultaneously evaluating energy consumption and emissions due to increasing or decreasing catalyst heating actions and due to increasing or decreasing electric motor torque based on an operating model; and determining an operating mode for each of the combustion engine, electric motor, and electrically heatable catalyst using the operating model to optimize operation based on an optimization goal.

Abstract: Methods and USB devices correlating clock domains are presented. A USB device includes at least one signal line adapted to carry signals in a first clock domain. The signals are received from a USB host. A clock operates a second clock domain. A periodic packet detection circuit detects a missing periodic packet from the signals received in the first clock domain. A device controller correlates a USB operation in the second clock domain with the first clock domain based on the periodic packet detection circuit detecting the missing periodic packet. A USB device includes at least one signal line carrying UTMI or ULPI signaling. A USB controller decodes packet identification from the UTMI or ULPI signaling. A periodic packet detection circuit, separate from the USB controller, decodes packet identification from the UTMI or ULPI signaling.

Abstract: System, methods and apparatus are described that relate to aligning timing of bi-directional, multi-stream I2S audio transmitted between IC devices, and to support audio streams that are digitized using multiple sampling rates.

Abstract: There is here set out a storage access unit, which contains an address register and a data register. A processor has access to these registers independently of any operational mode for access to a static storage unit or a dynamic storage unit.

Abstract: Bus system (1, 2, 3) for a television signal processing device for transferring video data (d8) of at least one video data source (8) and/or supplementary data (d10) of one or more supplementary-data sources (10) between a transmitter (1) and a receiver (3) by means of a bus (2), wherein at the transmitter end (1), a single data stream (d2) for the bus (2) is formed from the video (d8) and/or supplementary data (d10) by means of an interface circuit (4). The interface circuit (4) combines the video and/or supplementary data, source by source, into blocks (db; db1, db2) following each other successively in time and containing identification data (dk; sk, ik) for start and end, or start and length, and content identification, and transfers the blocks serially.

Abstract: A photodiode array comprises a plurality of n channels, each channel having a photodiode which is reverse biased such that it acts as a current source. Each channel further comprises an A/D converter for providing a digital output signal (DATA) which is representative o the photo current (Iph) provided by the photodiode and therefore of the intensity of the light impinging on the photodiode. The A/D converter comprises a controllable current source, an integrator circuit, a comparator for comparing the output signal (Vout) of the integrator with a predetermined signal (Vthreshold), a logic circuit for controlling the current source in response to the output signal (Vcomp) of the comparator such that Vout is kept within a certain range. Preferably, the current source provides current in the form of charge dumps to and/or from the integrator. The number of dumps in one direction is counted by a counter and is a digital measure of the photo current (Iph).