Abstract: An apparatus and associated a method are described for performing gas analysis on a gas sample. The method comprising exciting the gas sample with one or more electromagnetic energy sources and obtaining optical absorption signals associated with the gas sample prior to application of a catalytic process to the gas sample as well as during and/or after application of the catalytic process to the gas sample. The obtained optical absorption signals may then be processed using differential calculation approaches to derive information associated with the gas sample, which may include for example information conveying concentrations of certain specific gases in the gas sample. In some implementations, the optical absorption measurement system is configured to use the one or more electromagnetic energy sources to excite the gas sample to produce first optical absorption signals.

Abstract: A self-calibrating dissolved gas analysis apparatus and associated method are described. The dissolved gas analysis apparatus includes an analyser having an optical absorption measurement system using one or more electromagnetic energy sources to obtain optical absorption measurements associated with a gas sample. An observed response of the optical absorption measurement system is derived at least in part by using the optical absorption measurement system to obtain optical absorption measurements for a reference gas under one or more distinct moisture conditions. The derived observed response is then processed to quantify deviations between the derived observed response and an expected response and the quantified deviations are used to compensate information associated with gas concentration measurements derived by the dissolved gas analysis apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated a method are described for performing gas analysis on a gas sample. The method comprising exciting the gas sample with one or more electromagnetic energy sources and obtaining optical absorption signals associated with the gas sample prior to application of a catalytic process to the gas sample as well as during and/or after application of the catalytic process to the gas sample. The obtained optical absorption signals may then be processed using differential calculation approaches to derive information associated with the gas sample, which may include for example information conveying concentrations of certain specific gases in the gas sample. In some implementations, the optical absorption measurement system is configured to use the one or more electromagnetic energy sources to excite the gas sample to produce first optical absorption signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated a method are described for performing gas analysis on a gas sample. The method comprising exciting the gas sample with one or more electromagnetic energy sources and obtaining optical absorption signals associated with the gas sample prior to application of a catalytic process to the gas sample as well as during and/or after application of the catalytic process to the gas sample. The obtained optical absorption signals may then be processed using differential calculation approaches to derive information associated with the gas sample, which may include for example information conveying concentrations of certain specific gases in the gas sample. In some implementations, the optical absorption measurement system is configured to use the one or more electromagnetic energy sources to excite the gas sample to produce first optical absorption signals.

Abstract: A self-calibrating dissolved gas analysis apparatus and associated method are described. The dissolved gas analysis apparatus includes an analyser having an optical absorption measurement system using one or more electromagnetic energy sources to obtain optical absorption measurements associated with a gas sample. An observed response of the optical absorption measurement system is derived at least in part by using the optical absorption measurement system to obtain optical absorption measurements for a reference gas under one or more distinct moisture conditions. The derived observed response is then processed to quantify deviations between the derived observed response and an expected response and the quantified deviations are used to compensate information associated with gas concentration measurements derived by the dissolved gas analysis apparatus.

Abstract: A photoacoustic detector for detecting a gas which includes a resonant cavity having an inner wall capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation and a passageway for circulating the gas through the resonant cavity. The detector also includes an electromagnetic source for generating an electromagnetic energy and an optical window associated with the electromagnetic source for introducing the electromagnetic energy into the resonant cavity towards the absorbing inner wall surface, thereby preventing the electromagnetic energy from radiating throughout the whole length of the resonant cavity. A pressure sensor is provided for detecting a pressure signal inside the resonant cavity which is representative of the gas being detected. A method is also provided for detecting a gas using the photoacoustic detector.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated a method are described for performing gas analysis on a gas sample. The method comprising exciting the gas sample with one or more electromagnetic energy sources and obtaining optical absorption signals associated with the gas sample prior to application of a catalytic process to the gas sample as well as during and/or after application of the catalytic process to the gas sample. The obtained optical absorption signals may then be processed using differential calculation approaches to derive information associated with the gas sample, which may include for example information conveying concentrations of certain specific gases in the gas sample. In some implementations, the optical absorption measurement system is configured to use the one or more electromagnetic energy sources to excite the gas sample to produce first optical absorption signals.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for performing dissolved gas analysis on electrical equipment having components immersed in electrical insulating liquid. The apparatus comprises an analyzer including a photo-acoustic spectroscopy (PAS) measurement system for performing gas analysis on a gas sample wherein the PAS measurement system has an elongated channel including a resonant cavity and an electromagnetic energy source. The resonant cavity includes a first portion and a second portion configured for containing at least part of the gas sample, wherein the first portion defines an optical pathway configured for propagation of electromagnetic energy from the electromagnetic energy source. The resonant cavity includes an element configured for obstructing the propagation of the electromagnetic energy through to the second portion of the resonant cavity.

Abstract: A photoacoustic detector for detecting a gas which includes a resonant cavity having an inner wall capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation and a passageway for circulating the gas through the resonant cavity. The detector also includes an electromagnetic source for generating an electromagnetic energy and an optical window associated with the electromagnetic source for 5 introducing the electromagnetic energy into the resonant cavity towards the absorbing inner wall surface, thereby preventing the electromagnetic energy from radiating throughout the whole length of the resonant cavity. A pressure sensor is provided for detecting a pressure signal inside the resonant cavity which is representative of the gas being detected. A method is also provided for detecting a gas using the photoacoustic detector.

Abstract: A method and device for delivering a remotely detectable tag for tagging an article; the method comprises the steps of: (a) advancing a continuous pressure sensitive tape from a first source such that said tape travels along a first path, the tape having an adhesive side and an opposed non-adhesive side, (b) advancing a continuous sensor element substrate of a remotely detectable material from a second source and into adhering engagement with the adhesive side of said tape so as to form a composite tagging tape downstream of the first and second sources, (c) advancing the tagging tape along the first path so as to provide a free protruding forward end portion of tagging tape, and (d) severing the forward end portion as a tag of the pressure sensitive tape bearing a sensor element of the substrate on the adhesive side of the tape.