Abstract: A method and a device for monitoring a signal, in particular a pressure signal that characterizes the pressure differential at the input and output of an exhaust after-treatment system, are described. Errors are recognized on the basis of the occurrence of oscillations in the sensor signal.

Abstract: An ion mobility spectrometer is provided including at least one ionization chamber (1), which can be passed through by analyte-containing gas and at least one radiation source (2), from which ionizing radiation which is suitable for at least partially ionizing the analyte-containing gas enters the ionization chamber (1). At least one transition area (3) is provided, into which the at least partially ionized gas as ion carrier gas (4) and an almost ion-free gas as drift gas (5) can be charged in a way that, at least at the end of the transition area (3), a flow is established, in which cross-sectional areas (6) are mainly passed through by ion carrier gas (4) and other cross-sectional areas (7, 7?) are mainly passed through by drift gas (5).

Abstract: A process and device for metering different solutions is provided with which a high rate of repetition of drugs to be metered is possible. To accomplish the object, provisions are made for taking fluid volumes in the range of 50 nL to 50 ?L from a fluid source (2, 3, 4, 5) in rapid succession in time according to the time multiplex method and for introducing them into a collecting channel (10) without mixing.

Abstract: An ion mobility spectrometer is provided with at least one ionization chamber (1) through which analyte-containing gas can flow. A radiation source (2) is provided from which ionizing radiation is suitable for ionizing the analyte-containing gas at least partially, enters the ionization space (1). A separation area is located behind the ionization space (1) in the direction of flow, into which the partially ionized gas is admitted as an ion carrier gas (4) and a nearly ion-free gas is admitted as a drift gas (5) in such a way that a flow in which predominantly ion carrier gas (4) flows through cross-sectional areas (6) and predominantly drift gas (5) flows through other cross-sectional areas (7, 7?), becomes established at least in the inlet area of the separation area (8).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a shaped catalyst body, particularly for use as catalysts in hydrogenation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for substance monitoring. One application is an easy to handle continuous glucose monitor using a group of hollow out-of-plane silicon microneedles to sample substances in interstitial fluid from the epidermal skin layer. The glucose of the interstitial fluid permeates a dialysis membrane and reaches a sensor. Using MEMS technology, for example, allows well-established batch fabrication at low cost.

Abstract: An ion mobility spectrometer is provided including at least one ionization chamber (1), which can be passed through by analyte-containing gas and at least one radiation source (2), from which ionizing radiation which is suitable for at least partially ionizing the analyte-containing gas enters the ionization chamber (1). At least one transition area (3) is provided, into which the at least partially ionized gas as ion carrier gas (4) and an almost ion-free gas as drift gas (5) can be charged in a way that, at least at the end of the transition area (3), a flow is established, in which cross-sectional areas (6) are mainly passed through by ion carrier gas (4) and other cross-sectional areas (7, 7?) are mainly passed through by drift gas (5).

Abstract: A process device and system for measuring flow parameters in flowing gases is provided in which a device for flow-induced sound generation is in the area of the flow to be measured. A measurement of the frequency and/or the level of the sounds generated is made during the flow to be measured as acoustic parameters. A determination is made as to the flow parameters to be measured by processing the measured acoustic parameters. The process makes possible, in particular, the measurement of the volume flows during respiration near the patient.

Abstract: A process device and system for measuring flow parameters in flowing gases is provided in which a device for flow-induced sound generation is in the area of the flow to be measured. A measurement of the frequency and/or the level of the sounds generated is made during the flow to be measured as acoustic parameters. A determination is made as to the flow parameters to be measured by processing the measured acoustic parameters. The process makes possible, in particular, the measurement of the volume flows during respiration near the patient.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming microneedles and other microstructures using hardenable materials and useful for substance monitoring and/or drug delivery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tensioning rail for a traction drive, especially for an internal combustion engine, said tensioning rail comprising a fastening end section with a pivotable fastening means and a tensioning arm area having, at a predetermined distance from said pivotable fastening means, a pressure-application region for contact with a tensioning piston of a tensioning device, at least one second pressure-application region being arranged on the tensioning arm area at a predetermined different distance from said pivotable fastening means.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tensioning rail for a traction drive, especially for an internal combustion engine, said tensioning rail comprising a fastening end section with a pivotable fastening means and a tensioning arm area having, at a predetermined distance from said pivotable fastening means, a pressure-application region for contact with a tensioning piston of a tensioning device, at least one second pressure-application region being arranged on the tensioning arm area at a predetermined different distance from said pivotable fastening means.

Abstract: A method and a device are provided for controlling an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, for example, an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine. A first quantity characterizing the amount of substances supplied to the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, based on first characteristic operating quantities, is determined in a first operating state. A second quantity characterizing the amount of substances removed from the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, based on second characteristic operating quantities, is determined in a second operating state. The first quantity and the second quantity are then compared for error detection.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the game, a matrix of symbols is displayed on a display screen. The matrix may be a 3×3 array of symbols or any other configuration. Each symbol has a selectable direction indicator that points to another symbol or out of the matrix. The direction indicators are randomly selected. An award is based on paths created by the direction indicators. The award may be determined by the path from an entrance into the matrix to an exit out of the matrix, or the award may be based on the patterns formed by the paths. The game may be a main game or a bonus game and can be displayed on a display screen or by motor-driven reels.

Abstract: A method and a device for monitoring a signal, in particular a pressure signal that characterizes the pressure differential at the input and output of an exhaust after-treatment system, are described. Errors are recognized on the basis of the occurrence of oscillations in the sensor signal.

Abstract: A method and a device are described for controlling an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, in particular for an internal combustion engine. A first quantity (SIMP), based on first characteristic operating quantities, which characterizes the amount of substances supplied to the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is determined in a first operating state. A second quantity (SIMR), based on second characteristic operating quantities, which characterizes the amount of substances removed from the exhaust gas aftertreatment system is determined in a second operating state. The first quantity and the second quantity are compared for error detection.

Abstract: Al2O3 based layers having a total thickness of more than 0.3 mm are produced on a substrate by plasma jet spraying, said Al2O3 based layers having a laminar sandwiched structure wherein at least one Al2O3 layer is interpolated between two intermediate layers which are produced by plasma jet spraying as well, said intermediate layers consisting of a ceramic laminated material which is different from Al2O3 and which on cooling increases in volume by phase transition. Preferred materials for said intermediate layers are Al2O3/ZrO2, Al2O3/TiO2, ZrO2/Y2O3, Y2O3/ZrO2, ZrO2/MgO ZrO2/CeO2 and ZrO2/CaO alloy systems.