Abstract: A fluid injector for x-ray tubes and a method to provide a liquid anode by liquid metal injection, wherein the fluid injector includes a device to inject fluid from an opening in a chamber of the device as a fluid jet generated by an arrangement to change the volume within the chamber, and includes a reservoir to store the anode material, which is fluidically connected by a pipe with the chamber of the device, where the pipe has a part formed in the fluid flow direction that is shaped to block fluid flow from the chamber to the reservoir during injection, and where the includes injecting fluid in a direction towards an electron beam and refilling the chamber with liquid metal from the reservoir.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for RF high power generation includes a power combiner having RF inputs and an RF output, and at least two power amplifier modules, respectively electrically connected by a transmission line to an input of the power combiner, wherein a directional coupler is electrically connected to the RF output of the power combiner and every transmission line includes an RF switch, where the Method includes measuring and determining values of the power amplifier modules, storing the values and applying the values as a correction to the input signal of the power amplifier modules.

Abstract: An RF power combiner functioning as a higher-order harmonics filter comprises: at least one pair of coaxially arranged disc-shaped metal conductors, at least one of the conductors having a central axial opening to accommodate a waveguide is provided. Facing surfaces of the disk-shaped metal conductors are shaped symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry of the disk-shaped metal conductors to form a plurality of consecutive, radially communicating concentric cavities having isosceles trapezoids with different bases in section. The smaller base of each trapezoid disposed closer to the central axis. The number of the concentric cavities is (2 k+1), where K is the number of signal harmonics being filtered.

Abstract: A fluid injector for x-ray tubes and a method to provide a liquid anode by liquid metal injection, wherein the fluid injector includes a device to inject fluid from an opening in a chamber of the device as a fluid jet generated by an arrangement to change the volume within the chamber, and includes a reservoir to store the anode material, which is fluidically connected by a pipe with the chamber of the device, where the pipe has a part formed in the fluid flow direction that is shaped to block fluid flow from the chamber to the reservoir during injection, and where the includes injecting fluid in a direction towards an electron beam and refilling the chamber with liquid metal from the reservoir.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for RF high power generation includes a power combiner having RF inputs and an RF output, and at least two power amplifier modules, respectively electrically connected by a transmission line to an input of the power combiner, wherein a directional coupler is electrically connected to the RF output of the power combiner and every transmission line includes an RF switch, where the Method includes measuring and determining values of the power amplifier modules, storing the values and applying the values as a correction to the input signal of the power amplifier modules.

Abstract: A device for determining a mass flow rate of a multiphase fluid within a pipe includes an X-ray source for providing X-rays at at least 2 different wavelengths and a corresponding X-ray detector arranged such that a detection section of the pipe is placed within the optical path of the X-rays between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector. A calibration chamber is located parallel to the detection section within the optical path of the X-rays.

Abstract: An RF power combiner functioning as a higher-order harmonics filter comprises: at least one pair of coaxially arranged disc-shaped metal conductors, at least one of the conductors having a central axial opening to accommodate a waveguide is provided. Facing surfaces of the disk-shaped metal conductors are shaped symmetrically with respect to the plane of symmetry of the disk-shaped metal conductors to form a plurality of consecutive, radially communicating concentric cavities having isosceles trapezoids with different bases in section. The smaller base of each trapezoid disposed closer to the central axis. The number of the concentric cavities is (2 k+1), where K is the number of signal harmonics being filtered.

Abstract: A method of X-ray based measurement of a multiphase flow components passing through a measurement tube comprises the steps of: directing a polychromatic photon beam generated by at least one X-ray source onto the measurement tube through which a multiphase flow is passed; locating a matrix detector behind the measurement tube along the beam, said matrix detector being a two-dimensional detecting structure comprising (mn) sensing elements and providing photon energy resolution, and exposing the measurement tube with multiphase flow by the X-ray pulses of a given duration and duty cycle; registering a polychromatic photon beam attenuated by said multiphase flow with an energy resolving matrix detector, whereas said matrix detector provides registration of a received photon beam according to different energy levels of the received photons and distribution of the received photons on energy levels according to spectral resolution of said matrix detector.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for measuring flow velocity of a multi-phase fluid mixture. The proposed apparatus includes a radiation device, a detection device, and an analysis device. The radiation device generates a beam of photons to irradiate the mixture spatially over a section of flow of the mixture. The detection device is spatially configured to receive photons emanating from the section of flow of the mixture at different intervals of time. The detection device provides an image of a spatial distribution of the received photons for each the interval of time. The analysis device determines flow velocity of one or more phases of the mixture based on a temporal sequence of the images of the spatial distributions of the received photons.

Abstract: An apparatus for measurement of a flow velocity of a multi-phase fluid mixture includes a radiation device configured to generate a sequence of pulses of photons for irradiating a section of the flow of the mixture. The photons are emitted at at least a first energy level and a second energy level. The apparatus includes a detection device configured to detect photons that transmitted the section of the flow at different time intervals so as to generate a first image of the spatial distribution of detected photons of the first energy level and a second image of the spatial distribution of detected photons of the second energy level. The apparatus includes an analysis device configured to determine the flow velocity of one or more phases of the mixture based on a temporal sequence of the first image and the second image of the spatial distributions.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a composition of a multi-phase mixture, the multi-phase mixture comprising at least one liquid phase and at least one gaseous phase, comprises: a measurement tube that forms a conduit configured for receiving a flow of the multi-phase mixture; a radiation part configured for irradiating the multi-phase mixture in the measurement tube with electromagnetic radiation; a detector configured for detecting radiation that passes through the multi-phase mixture in the measurement tube; and an analyzer configured for determining the composition of the multi-phase mixture based on the detected radiation and calibration data of the at least one liquid phase and the at least one gaseous phase. A data acquisition part is configured for acquiring calibration data from radiation detected by the detector that passes through a calibration vessel filled with the multi-phase mixture or respective phases of the multi-phase mixture from the measurement tube.

Abstract: An apparatus for measurement of a flow-rate and/or a composition of a multi-phase fluid mixture is provided. The apparatus includes a radiation device that generates a pulsed beam of photons to irradiate the fluid mixture spatially along a section of flow of the mixture. A controlling device is configured to apply a predetermined, time-dependent voltage to the radiation device during a single pulse of photons. A detection device is spatially configured for receiving photons emanating from the section of flow of the mixture at different points in time during the pulse of photons to form images of a spatial distribution of the received photons for each of points in time. An analysis device is configured for determining the flow rate of one or more phases of the mixture and/or the composition of the mixture based on a temporal sequence of the images of the spatial distribution of the received photons.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for measuring flow velocity of a multi-phase fluid mixture. The proposed apparatus includes a radiation device, a detection device, and an analysis device. The radiation device generates a beam of photons to irradiate the mixture spatially over a section of flow of the mixture. The detection device is spatially configured to receive photons emanating from the section of flow of the mixture at different intervals of time. The detection device provides an image of a spatial distribution of the received photons for each the interval of time. The analysis device determines flow velocity of one or more phases of the mixture based on a temporal sequence of the images of the spatial distributions of the received photons.

Abstract: A method monitors an ESP with a pump for pumping oil, gas, water or other fluid media, which pump is driven by an electrical motor. Acoustical phenomena of the motor and/or the pump are used as a state variable for pumping the media. The acoustic phenomena are measured as electrical signals and the electrical signals are discriminated in respect to the pumped media. In the corresponding apparatus for monitoring of ESP, with pump section(s) for pumping a mixture of oil, gas and water, which is driven by a motor section(s), whereby at least one acoustic sensor is placed near the ESP.