Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: Techniques for implementing virtual machine instructions suitable for execution in virtual machines are disclosed. The inventive virtual machine instructions can effectively represent the complete set of operations performed by the conventional Java Bytecode instruction set. Moreover, the operations performed by conventional instructions can be performed by relatively fewer inventive virtual machine instructions. Thus, a more elegant, yet robust, virtual machine instruction set can be implemented. This, in turn, allows implementation of relatively simpler interpreters as well as allowing alternative uses of the limited 256 (28) Bytecode representation (e.g., a macro representing a set of commands). As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially, those operating in systems with limited resources, can be improved by using the inventive virtual machine instructions.

Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: Techniques for implementing virtual machine instructions suitable for execution in virtual machines are disclosed. The inventive virtual machine instructions can effectively represent the complete set of operations performed by the conventional Java Bytecode instruction set. Moreover, the operations performed by conventional instructions can be performed by relatively fewer inventive virtual machine instructions. Thus, a more elegant, yet robust, virtual machine instruction set can be implemented. This, in turn, allows implementation of relatively simpler interpreters as well as allowing alternative uses of the limited 256 (28) Bytecode representation (e.g., a macro representing a set of commands). As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially, those operating in systems with limited resources, can be improved by using the inventive virtual machine instructions.

Abstract: Techniques for generation of Java macro instructions suitable for use in Java computing environments are disclosed. As such, the techniques can be implemented in a Java virtual machine to efficiently execute Java instructions. As will be appreciated, a Java macro instruction can be substituted for two or more Java Bytecode instructions. This, in turn, reduces the number of Java instructions that are executed by the interpreter. As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially those operating with limited resources, is improved. A Java macro instruction can be generated for conventional Java instruction sequences or sequences of Java instruction that are provided in a reduced set of instruction. In any case, sequences that are frequently encountered can be replaced by a Java macro instruction. These sequences are typically encountered when Java objects are instantiated, during programming loops, and when a local variables are assigned a value.

Abstract: A management system for a computer system is disclosed. The computer system operates or includes various products (e.g., software products) that can be managed in a management system or collectively by a group of management systems. Typically, the management system operates on a computer separate from the computer system being managed. The management system can make use of a knowledge base of causing symptoms for previously observed problems at other sites or computer systems. In other words, the knowledge base can built from and shared by different users across different products to leverage knowledge that is otherwise disparate. The knowledge base typically grows over time. The management system can use its ability to request information from the computer system being managed together with the knowledge base to infer a problem root cause in the computer system being managed.

Abstract: Improved techniques for determining Java hashcode values for Java objects are disclosed. The techniques can be implemented to use a new Java Bytecode instruction which is suitable for execution by a Java virtual machine. As such, the new Java Bytecode instruction can be executed to determine Java hashcode value. Moreover, as will be appreciated, the Java hashcode values can be determined without invoking the Java method which is conventionally used to determine hashcode values. This means that the costly overhead associated with repeatedly invoking Java methods is avoided. In other words, operations that are conventionally performed each time this method is invoked need not be performed. As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially those operating with limited resources (e.g., embedded systems), can be improved.

Abstract: Improved techniques for representation of Java data types in virtual machines are disclosed. The techniques can be implemented to represent signatures of Java methods as arrays of references. Each of the references in an array can represent a parameter for a Java method. Accordingly, a signature can be represented as an array of references, wherein each reference in the array can reference a Java type indicator or an internal class representation. The Java type indicator represents a Java primitive type (e.g., byte, integer, double, etc.) The internal class representation is typically the representation of a Java class as represented in a virtual machine. As will be appreciated, an array organization allows for more efficient access to information. Thus, unlike conventional techniques, there is no need to start at the beginning of the signature and sequentially read it to find a particular parameter's data type.

Abstract: Techniques for implementing virtual machine instructions suitable for execution in virtual machines are disclosed. The inventive virtual machine instructions can effectively represent the complete set of operations performed by the conventional Java Bytecode instruction set. Moreover, the operations performed by conventional instructions can be performed by relatively fewer inventive virtual machine instructions. Thus, a more elegant, yet robust, virtual machine instruction set can be implemented. This, in turn, allows implementation of relatively simpler interpreters as well as allowing alternative uses of the limited 256 (28) Bytecode representation (e.g., a macro representing a set of commands). As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially, those operating in systems with limited resources, can be improved by using the inventive virtual machine instructions.

Abstract: Techniques for customization of JAVA runtime environments are disclosed. The techniques can be used to provide JAVA runtime environments that are specifically tailored for various JAVA applications. Accordingly, for a particular JAVA application, an optimized runtime environment can be created. One or more optional attributes which represent the desired runtime customizations are generated. As will be appreciated, the optional attributes can be generated in the attribute table in the class file. The optional attributes can then be parsed and appropriate features can be loaded into the virtual machine. In this way, JAVA runtime environments can be customized based on a particular JAVA application requirement. Moreover, customizations can be automated using a runtime performance manager that interacts with various other components that operate to first generate and then load optional attributes into the JAVA runtime environment.

Abstract: Improved techniques for loading class files into virtual computing machines are disclosed. The techniques seek to provide a mechanism that will generally improve the efficiency of virtual machines by selectively loading information into a virtual machine. A new class attribute (“load-attribute”) is defined and implemented for class files. This can be, for example, implemented as a “load-attribute” table that lists the components that have been selected for loading into the virtual machine. In addition, the load-attribute may provide references to the selected components in the class file. Accordingly, various components of the class file can be marked for loading and selectively loaded.

Abstract: Techniques for initialization of Java classes are disclosed. As such, the techniques can be implemented in a Java virtual machine to initialize Java classes represented in Java class files. A Java class loader suitable for loading class files into the Java virtual machine is disclosed. As will be appreciated, the Java class loader facilitates loading and execution of the Java initialization methods that need to be executed in order to initialize Java classes. Moreover, the Java class loader operates to remove the Java initialization methods after they have been executed and no longer serve a useful purpose. This means that the virtual machine can utilize its memory space more efficiently. As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially those operating with limited resources is improved.

Abstract: Improved techniques for representation of objects in a Java™ programming environment are disclosed. The techniques are highly suitable for representation of Java™ objects inside virtual machines, especially those that operate with limited resources (e.g., embedded systems). In accordance with one embodiment, a Java™ object representation is disclosed. As will be appreciated, the Java™ object representation provides a reference that can be used to directly access the internal class representation associated with the object. The internal class representation provides information regarding the Java™ object (e.g., object size, object type, static fields, etc.) As a result, information regarding Java™ objects can quickly be accessed. This means that the processing time conventionally needed to access information regarding Java™ objects is reduced. Thus, performance of virtual machines, especially in systems with limited computing power and/or memory, can be enhanced.

Abstract: An enhanced Java Bytecode verifier suitable for operation in a Java computing environment is disclosed. The enhanced Java Bytecode verifier operates to determine whether one or more Java conventional Bytecode commands within a stream of Bytecodes are likely to place a reference to a Java object on the execution stack. In one embodiment, the conventional Java Bytecode commands identified as such are translated by the enhanced Java Bytecode verifier into one or more corresponding Java commands. When a corresponding command is executed, the reference associated with the conventional Java command is placed on a reference stack as well as the execution stack.

Abstract: Techniques for generation of Java macro instructions suitable for use in Java computing environments are disclosed. As such, the techniques can be implemented in a Java virtual machine to efficiently execute Java instructions. As will be appreciated, a Java macro instruction can be substituted for two or more Java Bytecode instructions. This, in turn, reduces the number of Java instructions that are executed by the interpreter. As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially those operating with limited resources, is improved. A Java macro instruction can be generated for conventional Java instruction sequences or sequences of Java instruction that are provided in a reduced set of instruction. In any case, sequences that are frequently encountered can be replaced by a Java macro instruction. These sequences are typically encountered when Java objects are instantiated, during programming loops, and when a local variables are assigned a value.

Abstract: Techniques for generation of Java macro instructions suitable for use in Java computing environments are disclosed. As such, the techniques can be implemented in a Java virtual machine to efficiently execute Java instructions. As will be appreciated, a Java macro instruction can be substituted for two or more Java Bytecode instructions. This, in turn, reduces the number of Java instructions that are executed by the interpreter. As a result, the performance of virtual machines, especially those operating with limited resources, is improved. A Java macro instruction can be generated for conventional Java instruction sequences or sequences of Java instruction that are provided in a reduced set of instruction. In any case, sequences that are frequently encountered can be replaced by a Java macro instruction. These sequences are typically encountered when Java objects are instantiated, during programming loops, and when a local variables are assigned a value.