Abstract: Provided herein is a redox flow battery comprising an anode comprising anodic redox mediators; a negative electrolyte tank comprising an anolyte; and an anode pump capable of circulating the anolyte through the anode. The redox flow battery further comprises a cathode comprising cathodic redox mediators; a positive electrolyte tank comprising a catholyte and a cathode pump capable of circulating the catholyte through the cathode. A separator is between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: Provided herein is a redox flow battery comprising an anode comprising anodic redox mediators; a negative electrolyte tank comprising an anolyte; and an anode pump capable of circulating the anolyte through the anode. The redox flow battery further comprises a cathode comprising cathodic redox mediators; a positive electrolyte tank comprising a catholyte and a cathode pump capable of circulating the catholyte through the cathode. A separator is between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium ion battery includes a vitreous eutectic mixture represented by the formula AxBy, where A is a salt chosen from a lithium fluoroalkylsulfonimide or a lithium fluoroarylsulfonimide, B is a solvent chosen from an alkylsulfonamide or an arylsulfonamide, and x and y are the mole fractions of A and B, respectively.

Abstract: Lithium salts with fluorinated chelated orthoborate anions are prepared and used as electrolytes or electrolyte additives in lithium-ion batteries. The lithium salts have two chelate rings formed by the coordination of two bidentate ligands to a single boron atom. In addition, each chelate ring has two oxygen atoms bonded to one boron atom, methylene groups bonded to the two oxygen atoms, and one or more fluorinated carbon atoms bonded to and forming a cyclic bridge between the methylene groups.

Abstract: Lithium salts with fluorinated chelated orthoborate anions are prepared and used as electrolytes or electrolyte additives in lithium-ion batteries. The lithium salts have two chelate rings formed by the coordination of two bidentate ligands to a single boron atom. In addition, each chelate ring has two oxygen atoms bonded to one boron atom, methylene groups bonded to the two oxygen atoms, and one or more fluorinated carbon atoms bonded to and forming a cyclic bridge between the methylene groups.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium ion battery includes a vitreous eutectic mixture represented by the formula AxBy, where A is a salt chosen from a lithium fluoroalkylsulfonimide or a lithium fluoroarylsulfonimide, B is a solvent chosen from an alkylsulfonamide or an arylsulfonamide, and x and y are the mole fractions of A and B, respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods useful in the acceleration of binding of target analytes to capture ligands on surfaces. Detection proceeds through the use of an electron transfer moiety (ETM) that is associated with the target analyte, either directly or indirectly, to allow electronic detection of the ETM.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods useful in the acceleration of binding of target analytes to capture ligands on surfaces. Detection proceeds through the use of an electron transfer moiety (ETM) that is associated with the target analyte, either directly or indirectly, to allow electronic detection of the ETM.

Abstract: An electrochemical amplification scheme for detecting very small amounts of redox-active molecules is disclosed. The reaction involves “recycling” of oxidized analyte molecules by way of a solution-phase electron exchange reaction with a sacrificial electron donor. The scheme relies heavily upon the action of a selective monolayer coating on the electrode that suppresses direct oxidation of the sacrificial donor but facilitates the oxidation of analyte molecules. The method is particularly useful for detection of hydroxymethylferrocene at a dodecanethiolate-coated gold electrode with ferrocyanide as the sacrificial electron donor.

Abstract: An electrochemical amplification scheme for detecting very small amounts of redox-active molecules is disclosed. The reaction involves “recycling” of oxidized analyte molecules by way of a solution-phase electron exchange reaction with a sacrificial electron donor. The scheme relies heavily upon the action of a selective monolayer coating on the electrode that suppresses direct oxidation of the sacrificial donor but facilitates the oxidation of analyte molecules. The method is particularly useful for detection of hydroxymethylferrocene at a dodecanethiolate-coated gold electrode with ferrocyanide as the sacrificial electron donor.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods useful in the acceleration of binding of target analytes to capture ligands on surfaces. Detection proceeds through the use of an electron transfer moiety (ETM) that is associated with the target analyte, either directly or indirectly, to allow electronic detection of the ETM.