Abstract: A processing module for a communication device comprises memory for storing a key; and one or more processing elements coupled to the memory. The one or more processing elements are configured to: receive a current sequence number and a random number provided by a network entity; determine whether a value of the current sequence number is within a range determined by reference to a value of a previously received sequence number stored in the memory.

Abstract: A framework whereby mobile terminals are configured and managed by a central server. In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mobile telecommunications terminal including a first execution environment and a second execution environment, each execution environment being arranged to execute a respective device management agent and each agent issuing, in accordance with instructions from a device management server, management actions that act upon one or more respective management entities running within one or more of the execution environments; wherein the management entities of the second execution environment are grouped into a management structure, the management structure being one of the management entities within the first execution environment, whereby the he first and second execution environments permit the device management server is permitted to manage applications and/or services running within both.