Abstract: A microfluidic device comprises a matrix of rotary flow reactors. The microfluidic matrix device offers a solution to the “world-to-chip” interface problem by accomplishing two important goals simultaneously: an economy of scale in reagent consumption is achieved, while simultaneously minimizing pipetting steps. N2 independent assays can be performed with only 2N+1 pipetting steps, using a single aliquot of enzyme amortized over all reactors. The chip reduces labor relative to conventional fluid handling techniques by using an order of magnitude less pipetting steps, and reduces cost by consuming two to three orders of magnitude less reagents per reaction. A PCR format has immediate applications in medical diagnosis and gene testing. Beyond PCR, the microfluidic matrix chip provides a universal and flexible platform for biological and chemical assays requiring parsimonious use of precious reagents and highly automated processing.

Abstract: Methods for high speed, high throughput analysis of polynucleotide sequences, and apparatuses with which to carry out the methods are provided in the invention.

Abstract: Methods for high speed, high throughput analysis of polynucleotide sequences, and apparatuses with which to carry out the methods are provided in the invention.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatus for analyzing polynucleotide sequences by asynchronous base extension. Some applications of the invention utilize total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to image polynucleotide molecules at single molecule resolution.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatuses for determining velocity independent analyte characteristic parameters and methods for using the same. In one particular aspect, the present invention provides a velocity independent flow cytometry.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microfabricated device and methods of using the device for analyzing and sorting polynucleotide molecules by size.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an elastomeric structure, comprising: forming a first elastomeric layer on top of a first micromachined mold, the first micromachined mold having a first raised protrusion which forms a first recess extending along a bottom surface of the first elastomeric layer; forming a second elastomeric layer on top of a second micromachined mold, the second micromachined mold having a second raised protrusion which forms a second recess extending along a bottom surface of the second elastomeric layer; bonding the bottom surface of the second elastomeric layer onto a top surface of the first elastomeric layer such that a control channel forms in the second recess between the first and second elastomeric layers; and positioning the first elastomeric layer on top of a planar substrate such that a flow channel forms in the first recess between the first elastomeric layer and the planar substrate.

Abstract: Methods for high speed, high throughput analysis of polynucleotide sequences, and apparatuses with which to carry out the methods are provided in the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microfabricated device and methods of using the device for analyzing and sorting individual polynucleotides, e.g., by size according to an optical signal measured within a detection region of the device. An optical signal such as fluorescence from a reporter molecule associated with the polynucleotide molecules can be used to determine polynucleotide size or to direct selected polynucleotides into one or more selected branch channels of the device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microfabricated device and methods of using the device for analyzing and sorting of single polynucleotides, e.g. by size, according to an optical signal measured within a detection region of the device. An optical signal such as fluorescence from a reporter molecule associated with the polynucleotide molecules can be used to determine polynucleotide size or to direct selected polynucleotides into one or more selected branch channels of the device.