Abstract: A blended mineral oil lubricant is made having a higher viscosity index than predicted by calculating the viscosity index from an ASTM standard method designated D 341-87 or by calculating the average of the actual VI based on the proportion of each component of the blend. The lubricant is treated with a peroxide compound, preferably an organic peroxide such as di-tertiary butyl peroxide to increase the viscosity index. The treated lubricant is blended with a lubricant of lower viscosity index to achieve a blended lubricant having an enhanced viscosity index. The lubricant charge stock and blending component can be a wax-derived lubricant fraction or a conventional light neutral or heavy neutral mineral oil.

Abstract: Turbine oils are produced from a distillate lube fraction by hydrocracking to remove aromatics, catalytically dewaxing, hydrofinishing then treating with an organic peroxide, such as ditertiary butyl peroxide (DTBP) to increase viscosity and reduce cloud point.

Abstract: A process has been discovered for the conversion of C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 olefinic hydrocarbons, such as those contained in FCC light naphtha, to iso-butene-rich and isoamylene-rich streams in an integrated process for the production of MTBE and TAME. The process involves the initial separation of the isoamylene-rich C.sub.5 -fraction of the feedstream which is converted to TAME. The C.sub.6 -C.sub.7 fraction plus unreacted C.sub.5 's are converted by olefin interconversion with medium pore zeolite catalyst into an isobutylene and isoamylene-rich stream which is then used as feedstream for etherification to MTBE and TAME.

Abstract: There is provided a method for reducing the pour point of an alkyl aromatic lube base stock by hydroisomerizing alkyl side groups on alkyl aromatic compounds. The alkyl aromatic, compounds may be alkylated naphthalenes. The hydroisomerization reaction may take place over a catalyst comprising zeolite beta and platinum.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are alkylated with relatively long chain alkylating agents, e.g., C.sub.8 + olefins, at mole ratio of aromatic to alkylating agent of not greater than about 5 in the presence of, as catalyst, a Lewis acid-promoted amorphous, porous inorganic oxide such as silica to provide long chain alkyl aromatic products which are useful, inter alia, as lubricating oil stocks.

Abstract: The thermal stability of poly alpha-olefin (PAO) lubricant basestocks are improved by reacting an aromatic compound with the alpha-olefin oligomer. The PAO materials are prepared by oligomerization of olefins such as 1-decene in the presence of a Lewis acid oligomerization catalyst. The resulting lubricant basestock product exhibits high viscosity, viscosity index and low pour point in addition to the unique enhancement in thermal stability. The reaction between the PAO and the aromatic is carried out in the presence of a solid, cyrstalline alkylation catalyst identified by a specific X-ray diffraction pattern. The preferred catalyst for this purpose is the material known as MCM-22.

Abstract: There is provided a sulfated layered titanium oxide catalyst. Relatively long chain alkyl aromatic compounds are prepared by alkylating an alkylatable aromatic compound with a relatively long chain alkylating agent under alkylation reaction conditions in the presence of this sulfated layered material as alkylation catalyst. The layered material contains titanium oxide in the layers and oxide pillars separating the layers. The alkylation activity of the catalyst is increased by including sulfate ions in the layered material. This increased alkylation activity may be obtained by contacting the layered material with an aqueous solution of a sulfate compound such as sulfuric acid.

Abstract: Nitrogenous compounds especially bases such as amines are used to control the operation of a hydrocracker. Catalyst activity and selectivity may be controlled by addition of the base to the feed, for example, to control the balance between isomerization and conversion in an operation using a zeolite beta catalyst. Runaway conditions may be controlled by the addition of nitrogenous compounds and if they are added at intermediate points along the length of the reactor, the temperature profile within the reactor can be effectively regulated.

Abstract: Relatively long chain alkyl aromatic compounds are prepared by alkylating an alkylatable aromatic compound with a relatively long chain alkylating agent under alkylation reaction conditions in the presence of a layered material as an alkylation catalyst. The layered material contains titanate in the layers and oxide pillars separating the layers. The layers also contain vacancies and/or metals incorporated therein. The degree of alkylation is a function of the interplanar d-spacing of the pillared material, which is, in turn a function of the chain length of the swelling agent used to prepare the layered material.

Abstract: A novel noble metal containing high SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ratio large pore zeolite catalyst is used for the direct reforming and desulfurization of olefinic gasolines derived from catalytic cracking processes. The aromatic gasoline obtained from this process has a higher octane rating and is lower in sulfur than the FCC gasoline fraction feed.

Abstract: High viscosity index, low pour point lubricants are produced by the oligomerization of a wax-derived lubricant fraction. The fraction may be produced from slack wax or de-oiled wax by hydroisomerization over zeolite beta or hydrocracking/isomerization over an amorphous catalyst followed by selective dewaxing, preferably by catalytic dewaxing over a highly shape selective zeolite such as ZSM-23. The preferred peroxides are ditertiary alkyl peroxides such as ditertiary butyl peroxide (DTBP) and are typically used at temperatures of 100.degree.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: Long chain alkyl substituted naphthalenes are produced by the alkylation of naphthalene with an olefin or other alkylating agent possessing at least 6 carbon atoms, usually 12 to 20 carbon atoms, in the presence of an alkylation catalyst comprising a zeolite which contains cations having a radius of at least 2.5 .ANG.. Cations of this size may be provided by hydrated cations such as hydrated ammonium, sodium or potassium cations or by organoammonium cations such as tetraalkylammonium cations. The zeolite is usually a large pore size ze USY. The presence of the bulky cations in the zeolite increases the selectivity of the catalyst for the production of long chain mono-alkyl substituted naphthalenes in preference to more highly substituted products.

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are alkylated with relatively long chain alkylating agents, e.g., C.sub.6 + olefins, in the presence of, as catalyst, certain Lewis acid-promoted zeolites to provide long chain aromatic products which are useful, inter alia, as lubricating oil stocks.

Abstract: Turbine oils are produced from a distillate lube fraction by solvent extraction to remove aromatics, e.g., with furfural, then dewaxing and hydrofinishing to saturate residual aromatics. Treatment with an organic peroxide, such as ditertiary butyl peroxide (DTBP), increases viscosity to compensate for the viscosity loss during the hydrofinishing. Dewaxing may be solvent or catalytic dewaxing or both. Peroxide treatment also reduces cloud point.

Abstract: A hydrodesulfurization process for catalytically hydrosulfurizing highly aromatic feeds, especially catalytically cracked feeds such as light cycle oils from catalytic cracking processes and aromatic extracts, employs a hydrodesulfurization catalyst containing zeolite beta. The zeolite beta based catalyst is more effective for effecting desulfurization than comparable amorphous catalysts or catalysts based on other large pore size zeolite and is capable of achieving a high degree of desulfurization at relatively low levels of conversion. The hydrodesulfurization catalyst comprises a transition metal hydrogenation component, preferably Co/Mo, on zeolite beta together with an inert matrix. The zeolite beta based catalyst may be mixed with amorphous catalyst such as Co/Mo/alumina. The low sulfur products are useful as blending components for road diesel fuels and other distillate fuels.

Abstract: Synthetic lubricating oils having a predetermined alkylaromatic structure are prepared from a mixture of mono- or dialkenyl benzene with an aliphatic olefin by free-radical reaction in the presence of ditertiary-butyl peroxide, for example. Equivalent napthalene derivatives may be substituted for the dialkenyl benzene. The oils that are formed exhibit a high Viscosity Index, and a low pour point. The viscosity of the synthetic lube stock produced may be controlled by changing the amount of peroxide used.

Abstract: High viscosity index, low pour point lubricants are produced by reacting an iso-paraffinic component, preferably with significant mono- and di-methyl chain branching, with an olefinic reactant in the presence of a free radical generator such as an organic peroxide, preferably ditertiary butyl peroxide. The isoparaffinic reactant is preferably obtained by the isomerization of a waxy feed such as slack wax over a zeolite beta isomerization catalyst, preferably Pt/zeolite beta. The olefinic reactant is preferably a distillate fraction produced by the oligomerization of low molecular weight olefins e.g., C.sub.3 to C.sub.5 olefins, produced by oligomerization over an intermediate pore size zeolite oligomerization catalyst such as ZSM-5.

Abstract: Lubricant basestocks of high viscosity index, typically with V.I. of at least 130 or higher, and low pour point, typically below 5.degree. F., are produced by hydroisomerizing petroleum waxes such as slack wax or de-oiled wax, over zeolite beta and then dewaxing to target pour point. A preferred process employs a solvent dewaxing after the hydroisomerization step to effect a partial dewaxing with the separated waxes being recycled to the hydroisomerization step; dewaxing is then completed catalytically, typically over ZSM-5 or ZSM-23.

Abstract: Long chain (C.sub.7+) paraffins are isomerized over a large pore, highly siliceous zeolite catalyst such as zeolite Y or ZSM-20 having a structural silica:alumina ratio of at least 10:1. The use of the highly siliceous zeolite inhibits the degree of cracking and also permits weaker hydrogenation components such as palladium to be used in the catalyst.

Abstract: Long chain alkyl aromatic compounds are prepared by alkylating an alkylatable aromatic compound with a long chain alkylating agent in the presence of catalyst comprising a synthetic porous crystalline material characterized by an X-ray diffraction pattern including interplanar d-spacings at 12.36.+-.0.4, 11.03.+-.0.2, 8.83.+-.0.14, 6.18.+-.0.12, 6.00.+-.0.10, 4.06.+-.0.07, 3.91.+-.0.07 and 3.42.+-.0.06 Angstroms.