Abstract: The disclosure provided herein describes processes for rapidly quenching an over-temperature hydroprocessing reaction utilizing a pressurized quenching agent that is rapidly released into the hydroprocessing reactor. Optimally, the quenching agent blocks acidic catalytic sites of the hydroprocessing catalyst to competitively inhibit exothermic reaction rate. Exemplary quench agents include ammonia or a chemical that is converted to ammonia under hydroprocessing conditions.

Abstract: The disclosure provided herein describes systems for rapidly quenching an over-temperature hydroprocessing reaction utilizing a pressurized quenching agent that is rapidly released into the hydroprocessing reactor. Optimally, the quenching agent blocks acidic catalytic sites of the hydroprocessing catalyst to competitively inhibit exothermic reaction rate. Exemplary quench agents include ammonia or a chemical that is converted to ammonia under hydroprocessing conditions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relate to both generating steam for injection into a wellbore and capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) produced when generating the steam. A direct steam generator (DSG) makes the steam by contacting water with a combustion area for hydrogen and oxygen. Quantity of the steam made exceeds quantity of water input into the steam generator since the steam includes vaporized water resulting from combustion of the hydrogen and oxygen mixed with the water inputted and heated. Steam-methane-reforming or autothermal-reforming produces the hydrogen stripped of the CO2 prior to introduction into the steam generator. Further, an air separation unit supplies the oxygen to the steam generator.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus relate to both generating steam for injection into a wellbore and capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) produced when generating the steam. A direct steam generator (DSG) makes the steam by contacting water with a combustion area for hydrogen and oxygen. Quantity of the steam made exceeds quantity of water input into the steam generator since the steam includes vaporized water resulting from combustion of the hydrogen and oxygen mixed with the water inputted and heated. Steam-methane-reforming or autothermal-reforming produces the hydrogen stripped of the CO2 prior to introduction into the steam generator. Further, an air separation unit supplies the oxygen to the steam generator.

Abstract: A bubble cap assembly for attachment over an opening in a deck tray of a gas-liquid contact apparatus. The bubble cap assembly comprises a riser located over an opening providing fluid communication from a lower surface of the deck tray to an upper surface. A bubble cap encompasses an upwardly extending end of the riser and has an opening located in a top portion thereof. A retainer member is disposed within a passageway in the riser. The retainer member has outwardly extending end portions for engaging a lower surface of the deck tray and an upwardly extending shaft portion with a slot adjacent its upper end. A locking means is provided which comprises a wedge for tightly urging the bubble cap, spacer means and riser member against an upper surface of the deck tray and urging the lower outwardly extending end portions of the retainer member against the lower surface of the deck tray.