Abstract: A method and system for gathering, organizing, analyzing, tracking, and publishing of information through person-alizable information portfolios, the personalized information management system comprising an information gathering module for retrieving relevant information from internet and/or intranet sources, a personalized content management module for manipulating and annotating portfolio, a content mining module for analyzing portfolio, a content publishing module for publishing and sharing of portfolio, a user interface module for supporting the various modules, and an account management module for managing user access and directory maintenance.

Abstract: A pin-holding device for use in connecting a pin to a printed circuit board, comprising a substrate for holding a pin to be inserted into the printed circuit board and soldered thereto, the substrate having a pin insertion hole for detachably holding the pin such that at least one end portion of the pin is perpendicularly projected from the substrate, whereby the one end portion of the pin is inserted into the printed circuit board and soldered thereto in a state that the pin is held, thereafter the pin-holding device is detached from the pin.