Abstract: An electroluminescent display device can include a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form along a first direction and a second direction, each pixel including first, second, and third sub-pixels, and a first bank pattern having a first height, and a second bank pattern having a second height, the first height being smaller than the second height, wherein the second bank pattern is parallel in two directions. The first bank pattern defines same color sub-pixels of different pixels, and wherein the second bank pattern defines different color sub-pixels of the same pixel. The second bank pattern includes first patterns disposed between the adjacent different color sub-pixels along a third direction crossing the first and second directions and between the adjacent different color sub-pixels along a fourth direction crossing the first, second, and third directions and second patterns disposed between the second sub-pixels adjacent to each other.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes first, second, third and fourth pixels arranged in a matrix form along a first direction and a second direction, each of the first, second, third and fourth pixels including first, second and third sub-pixels; a light-emitting diode disposed at each of the first, second and third sub-pixels and including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer and a second electrode, wherein the second sub-pixel is disposed between the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; and a first bank is disposed between adjacent sub-pixels of a same color, and a second bank is disposed between adjacent sub-pixels of different colors, wherein the second sub-pixels of the first, second, third and fourth pixels surround the first sub-pixels of the first, second, third and fourth pixels.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes a first substrate including a display area and a non-display area adjacent to the display area, the display area including a plurality of pixel regions; an emitting diode on the first substrate and in each of the plurality of pixel regions; a bank disposed at a boundary of each pixel region and including a first pore; a dam disposed in the non-display area and including a second pore; and a second substrate disposed on the dam and covering the emitting diode, wherein the first pore and the second pore have a different size or volume %.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes first, second, third and fourth pixels arranged in a matrix form along a first direction and a second direction, each of the first, second, third and fourth pixels including first, second and third sub-pixels; a light-emitting diode disposed at each of the first, second and third sub-pixels and including a first electrode, a light-emitting layer and a second electrode, wherein the second sub-pixel is disposed between the first sub-pixel and the third sub-pixel; and a first bank is disposed between adjacent sub-pixels of a same color, and a second bank is disposed between adjacent sub-pixels of different colors, wherein the second sub-pixels of the first, second, third and fourth pixels surround the first sub-pixels of the first, second, third and fourth pixels.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display device includes a first substrate including a display area and a non-display area adjacent to the display area, the display area including a plurality of pixel regions; an emitting diode on the first substrate and in each of the plurality of pixel regions; a bank disposed at a boundary of each pixel region and including a first pore; a dam disposed in the non-display area and including a second pore; and a second substrate disposed on the dam and covering the emitting diode, wherein the first pore and the second pore have a different size or volume %.

Abstract: A mask for laser induced thermal imaging and a method of fabricating an organic electro-luminescence display device using the mask. A mask includes a transparent substrate including a transmitting region; a reflective layer pattern on a first surface of the transparent substrate other than the transmitting region; and a scattering unit on at least one of the first surface or a second surface opposite the first surface of the transparent substrate, and the scattering unit is at a position corresponding to the reflective layer pattern. The mask can accurately irradiate a laser to a donor substrate and prevent or reduce damage of the laser generator due to the laser beam being reflected by the mask.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus and a fabricating method of organic light emitting diodes using the same, which laminate an acceptor substrate and a donor film using a magnetic force in vacuum, and are used to form a pixel array on the acceptor substrate. A substrate stage includes a magnet or magnetic substance. The acceptor substrate has a pixel region for forming first, second, and third sub-pixels, and the donor film has an organic light emission layer to be transferred to the pixel region. A laser oscillator irradiates a laser to the donor film. A contact frame is adapted to be disposed between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator, and is used to form a magnetic force with the substrate stage. The contact frame includes an opening through which the laser passes. A contact frame feed mechanism moves the contact frame in a direction of the substrate stage.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging (LITI) apparatus and a method of making an electronic device using the same are disclosed. The LITI apparatus includes a chamber, a substrate support, a contact frame, and a laser source or oscillator. The LITI apparatus transfers a transferable layer from a film donor device onto a surface of an intermediate electronic device. The LITI apparatus uses a magnetic force to provide a close contact between the transferable layer and the surface of the intermediate device. The magnetic force is generated by magnetic materials formed in two components of the LITI apparatus that are spaced apart interposing transferable layer and the surface of the intermediate device. Magnets or magnetic materials are formed in the two following components of the LITI apparatus: 1) the intermediate device and the film donor device; 2) the intermediate device and the contact frame; 3) the substrate support and the film donor device; or 4) the substrate support and the contact frame.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus and a fabricating method of organic light emitting diodes using the same, which laminate an acceptor substrate and a donor film using a magnetic force in vacuum, and are used to form a pixel array on the acceptor substrate. A substrate stage includes a magnet or magnetic substance. The acceptor substrate has a pixel region for forming first, second, and third sub-pixels, and the donor film has an organic light emission layer to be transferred to the pixel region. A laser oscillator irradiates a laser to the donor film. A contact frame is adapted to be disposed between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator, and is used to form a magnetic force with the substrate stage. The contact frame includes an opening through which the laser passes. A contact frame feed mechanism moves the contact frame in a direction of the substrate stage.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus and a fabricating method of organic light emitting diodes using the same, which laminate an acceptor substrate and a donor film using a magnetic force in vacuum, and are used to form a pixel array on the acceptor substrate. A substrate stage includes a magnet or magnetic substance. The acceptor substrate has a pixel region for forming first, second, and third sub-pixels, and the donor film has an organic light emission layer to be transferred to the pixel region. A laser oscillator irradiates a laser to the donor film. A contact frame is adapted to be disposed between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator, and is used to form a magnetic force with the substrate stage. The contact frame includes an opening through which the laser passes. A contact frame feed mechanism moves the contact frame in a direction of the substrate stage.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging (LITI) apparatus and a method of making an electronic device using the same are disclosed. The LITI apparatus includes a chamber, a substrate support, a contact frame, and a laser source or oscillator. The LITI apparatus transfers a transferable layer from a film donor device onto a surface of an intermediate electronic device. The LITI apparatus uses a magnetic force to provide a close contact between the transferable layer and the surface of the intermediate device. The magnetic force is generated by magnetic materials formed in two components of the LITI apparatus that are spaced apart interposing transferable layer and the surface of the intermediate device. Magnets or magnetic materials are formed in the two following components of the LITI apparatus: 1) the intermediate device and the film donor device; 2) the intermediate device and the contact frame; 3) the substrate support and the film donor device; or 4) the substrate support and the contact frame.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus for imaging an imaging layer of a donor film on an acceptor substrate. The laser induced thermal imaging apparatus includes: a substrate stage having an electromagnet, and adapted to receive an acceptor substrate having a pixel area of the organic light emitting device and a donor film including the organic light emitting layer to be imaged on the pixel area; a laser oscillator for irradiating a laser on the donor film; a contact frame adapted to be located between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator and including an opening portion of a pattern corresponding to a part to be imaged of the donor film and a permanent magnet for forming a magnetic force with the substrate stage; and a contact frame moving mechanism for moving the contact frame toward the substrate stage.

Abstract: A crucible heating apparatus and a deposition apparatus including the same. The crucible heating apparatus includes: a crucible including a main body to house a deposition material, and a cover disposed on the main body, having a nozzle; a band coupled to the crucible, through contact parts; a thermocouple coupled to the band; a housing to house the crucible and the band; and a heater disposed inside the housing, to heat the deposition material.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging (LITI) apparatus, an LITI method, and an organic light emitting display (OLED) device. An LITI apparatus for forming a light emitting layer of an OLED device includes a substrate stage adapted to receive an accepter substrate and a donor film to be laminated, the accepter substrate having a pixel area of the OLED device and a magnet, the donor film having the light emitting layer transferred to the pixel area; a laser oscillator for radiating a laser to the donor film; a contact frame adapted to be placed between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator, the contact frame having at least one transmission portion corresponding to the light emitting layer transferred to the acceptor substrate and having a magnet for forming a magnetic force with the accepter substrate; and a contact frame transferring mechanism for moving the contact frame toward the substrate stage.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus for imaging an imaging layer of a donor film on an acceptor substrate. The laser induced thermal imaging apparatus includes: a substrate stage having an electromagnet, and adapted to receive an acceptor substrate having a pixel area of the organic light emitting device and a donor film including the organic light emitting layer to be imaged on the pixel area; a laser oscillator for irradiating a laser on the donor film; a contact frame adapted to be located between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator and including an opening portion of a pattern corresponding to a part to be imaged of the donor film and a permanent magnet for forming a magnetic force with the substrate stage; and a contact frame moving mechanism for moving the contact frame toward the substrate stage.

Abstract: A mask for laser induced thermal imaging and a method of fabricating an organic electro-luminescence display device using the mask. A mask includes a transparent substrate including a transmitting region; a reflective layer pattern on a first surface of the transparent substrate other than the transmitting region; and a scattering unit on at least one of the first surface or a second surface opposite the first surface of the transparent substrate, and the scattering unit is at a position corresponding to the reflective layer pattern. The mask can accurately irradiate a laser to a donor substrate and prevent or reduce damage of the laser generator due to the laser beam being reflected by the mask.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus for imaging an imaging layer of a donor film on an acceptor substrate. The laser induced thermal imaging apparatus includes: a substrate stage having an electromagnet, and adapted to receive an acceptor substrate having a pixel area of the organic light emitting device and a donor film including the organic light emitting layer to be imaged on the pixel area; a laser oscillator for irradiating a laser on the donor film; a contact frame adapted to be located between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator and including an opening portion of a pattern corresponding to a part to be imaged of the donor film and a permanent magnet for forming a magnetic force with the substrate stage; and a contact frame moving mechanism for moving the contact frame toward the substrate stage.

Abstract: A multi-unit fuel cell system that includes a common-use reforming unit configured to supply hydrogen to multiple fuel cell units that are installed in multiple units, such as apartments within an apartment building. In one example embodiment, a fuel cell system including a common-use reforming unit and multiple fuel cell units is disclosed. The common-use reforming unit is configured to supply hydrogen to the plurality of fuel cell units. Each fuel cell unit includes a stack unit, an air supplying unit, an integral heat exchange unit, a hot-water supplying unit, an auxiliary heat supplying unit, and an electric output unit.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus for imaging an imaging layer of a donor film on an acceptor substrate. The laser induced thermal imaging apparatus includes: a substrate stage having an electromagnet, and adapted to receive an acceptor substrate having a pixel area of the organic light emitting device and a donor film including the organic light emitting layer to be imaged on the pixel area; a laser oscillator for irradiating a laser on the donor film; a contact frame adapted to be located between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator and including an opening portion of a pattern corresponding to a part to be imaged of the donor film and a permanent magnet for forming a magnetic force with the substrate stage; and a contact frame moving mechanism for moving the contact frame toward the substrate stage.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus and a fabricating method of organic light emitting diodes using the same, which laminate an acceptor substrate and a donor film using a magnetic force in vacuum, and are used to form a pixel array on the acceptor substrate. A substrate stage includes a magnet or magnetic substance. The acceptor substrate has a pixel region for forming first, second, and third sub-pixels, and the donor film has an organic light emission layer to be transferred to the pixel region. A laser oscillator irradiates a laser to the donor film. A contact frame is adapted to be disposed between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator, and is used to form a magnetic force with the substrate stage. The contact frame includes an opening through which the laser passes. A contact frame feed mechanism moves the contact frame in a direction of the substrate stage.