Abstract: In cases of rendering a multichannel signal such as a 22.2 channel signal as a 5.1 channel signal, a three dimensional (3D) audio signal may be reproduced using a two dimensional (2D) output channel, but rendered audio signals are sensitively affected by a layout of speakers and may cause distortion of a sound image when the layout of arranged speakers is different from a standard layout. The present invention may solve the aforementioned problem of the prior art.

Abstract: In cases of rendering a multichannel signal such as a 22.2 channel signal as a 5.1 channel signal, a three dimensional (3D) audio signal may be reproduced using a two dimensional (2D) output channel, but rendered audio signals are sensitively affected by a layout of speakers and may cause distortion of a sound image when the layout of arranged speakers is different from a standard layout. The present invention may solve the aforementioned problem of the prior art.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for localizing a multichannel sound signal. The method includes: obtaining a multichannel sound signal to which sense of elevation is applied by applying a first filter to an input sound signal; determining at least one frequency range of a dynamic cue according to change of a head-related transfer function (HRTF) indicating information regarding paths from a spatial location of an actual speaker to ears of an audience; and applying a second filter to at least one sound signal, corresponding to the determined at least one frequency range, of at least one channel in the multichannel sound signal to change the at least one sound signal so as to remove or to reduce the dynamic cue when the multichannel sound signal is output.

Abstract: A method of processing an audio signal includes receiving an audio bitstream encoded via MPEG Surround 212 (MPS212); generating an internal channel (IC) signal for a single channel pair element (CPE), based on the received audio bitstream, equalization (EQ) values for MPS212 output channels defined in a format converter, and gain values for the MPS212 output channels; and generating stereo output channels, based on the generated IC signal.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electronic apparatus including: a user input unit; an audio output unit; and a processor configured to identify whether a changing pattern of audio volume levels is present based on a history of the audio volume levels set by a user for a predetermined period of time, perform automatic volume-level control, by which an audio volume level of the audio output unit is controlled based on the changing pattern of the audio volume levels, based on presence of the corresponding pattern, and perform no automatic volume-level control, based on absence of the changing pattern of the audio volume levels.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the systems, methods and compositions provided herein relate to a compound protease. In some embodiments, the compound protease includes a protease domain and a cut site for another enzyme. In some embodiments, the compound protease includes an association domain. In some embodiments, the compound protease is part of a protein circuit.

Abstract: A three-dimensional sound reproducing method includes: acquiring a multichannel audio signal; rendering signals to a channel to be reproduced according to channel information and a frequency of the multichannel audio signal; and mixing the rendered signals.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a user inputter receiving a user input; a content receiver receiving content data from a content source; a display configured to display an image included in the content data; a sound output configured to output sound included in the content data; and a processor configured to decode the content data into sound data, set a sound parameter according to a result of reinforcement learning about the sound parameter based on the user input, convert the sound data into a sound signal according to the set sound parameter, and control the sound output to output the sound corresponding to the sound signal.

Abstract: An optical scanning device for an electrophotographic printer includes a light source that radiates a light beam and a light deflector that deflects the light beam radiated by the light source in a main scanning direction. The optical scanning device also includes a synchronization detection sensor having a sensing region that receives a portion of the light beam deflected by the light deflector. The sensing region has a greater length in the main scanning direction than in a sub-scanning direction.

Abstract: An energy harvesting system based on reverse electro wetting on a dielectric includes: a dielectric material layer molded with a dielectric material in a panel shape and including an upper end and a lower end; and an electrode layer including a plurality of electrodes coupled to a lower surface of the dielectric material layer. In particular, the upper end of the dielectric material layer is located higher than the lower end and allows a liquid drop to flow from the upper end to the lower end, and the dielectric material layer generates dielectric polarization in the dielectric material layer and continuously varies a flow rate of the liquid drop between the upper end and the lower end of the dielectric material layer. The plurality of electrodes are disposed to be spaced apart from one another in a direction from the upper end to the lower end.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the systems, methods and compositions provided herein relate to a compound protease. In some embodiments, the compound protease includes a protease domain and a cut site for another enzyme. In some embodiments, the compound protease includes an association domain. In some embodiments, the compound protease is part of a protein circuit.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for decoding audio, The method includes receiving a bitstream consisting of audio packets; decoding an audio packet included in the received bitstream, extracting a type of the decoded packet; obtaining system data from a packet of which system metadata corresponds to the extracted packet type; and transmitting the obtained system data to a system engine, wherein the system data includes at least one of information regarding a type of the system engine and a length of the system data.

Abstract: An example sound output apparatus may include an input unit, an output unit, and a processor configured to perform first-filtering of a frequency band of an audio signal received through the input unit based on a sound pressure of the sound output apparatus, second-filtering of a frequency band of the first-filtered audio signal based on a frequency response characteristic of the sound output apparatus, adjust a loudness of the received audio signal based on a perception volume level of the second-filtered audio signal, and output the adjusted audio signal through the output unit.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) audio reproducing method and apparatus is provided. The 3D audio reproducing method may include receiving a multichannel signal comprising a plurality of input channels; and performing downmixing according to a frequency range of the multichannel signal in order to format-convert the plurality of input channels into a plurality of output channels having elevation.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electronic apparatus including: a user input unit; an audio output unit; and a processor configured to identify whether a changing pattern of audio volume levels is present based on a history of the audio volume levels set by a user for a predetermined period of time, perform automatic volume-level control, by which an audio volume level of the audio output unit is controlled based on the changing pattern of the audio volume levels, based on presence of the corresponding pattern, and perform no automatic volume-level control, based on absence of the changing pattern of the audio volume levels.

Abstract: A three-dimensional sound reproducing method includes: acquiring a multichannel audio signal; rendering signals to a channel to be reproduced according to channel information and a frequency of the multichannel audio signal; and mixing the rendered signals.

Abstract: A hybrid type filtration structure for filtering liquid includes a first active layer, a porous supporting layer and a permeable layer. The first active layer has a first nano pore inner wall of which a function group included compound is combined with. The porous supporting layer has a plurality of pores and is disposed under the first active layer. The permeable layer is disposed under the porous supporting layer. The porous supporting layer includes a plurality of lipid bilayers having membrane protein inside of the pore, a molecule of water selectively passes through the membrane protein. The first nano pore passes through the first active layer vertically. The first nano pore and the pore are connected with each other through which liquid flows.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) audio reproducing method and apparatus is provided. The 3D audio reproducing method may include receiving a multichannel signal comprising a plurality of input channels; and performing downmixing according to a frequency range of the multichannel signal in order to format-convert the plurality of input channels into a plurality of output channels having elevation.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for decoding audio, The method includes receiving a bitstream consisting of audio packets; decoding an audio packet included in the received bitstream, extracting a type of the decoded packet; obtaining system data from a packet of which system metadata corresponds to the extracted packet type; and transmitting the obtained system data to a system engine, wherein the system data includes at least one of information regarding a type of the system engine and a length of the system data.

Abstract: A method for processing a content by a set-top box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises the steps of: receiving a content including an audio stream; and performing bypassing to output the audio stream to a television (TV) through an output interface without performing a decoding operation for the audio stream, wherein the audio stream includes metadata regarding the content.