Abstract: A car system and control method in which transmission shifting is controlled such that synchronizer damage is avoided. A state discrimination device detects or infers the state of each frictional surface of the synchronizers. A synchronizer for forming an intermediate transfer path is selected according to a parameter indicating the state of the frictional surface detected or inferred by the state discrimination device. Engine torque control reduces the engine torque according to a parameter indicating the state detected or inferred by the state discrimination device.

Abstract: When shifting the gear position into a target gear position from a current gear position, some gear position different from said current gear position is used as one distributing gear position. The control unit controls the pressing load of a synchromesh of one distributing gear position to make at least part of the rotation torque from the drive power source transfer by the friction. Thereby it makes at least part of the rotation torque transferred by a synchromesh of the current gear position decrease. And then it moves the synchromesh of said current gear position to a disengaging position not meshed with said idle gear. Thereafter another gear position different from said target gear position and said one distributing gear position is used as another distributing gear position.

Abstract: A power transmission system is provided which can prevent a feeling of inertia travel due to torque transmission interruption occurring when a dog clutch is engaged to shift the speed position, without increasing the axial length of a transmission. An input shaft is connected to a prime mover via a main clutch. Gear pairs are formed by input and output gears arranged on the input shaft and output shafts, respectively. A dog clutch connects one of the gear pairs to the input or output shaft. An auxiliary shaft is connected to the prime mover. Transmission paths are formed on the auxiliary shaft for transmitting the driving force of the prime mover to the output shaft at different gear ratios. In shifting the speed position, an assist clutch supplies the driving force to the output shaft via the auxiliary shaft and a selected transmission path.

Abstract: When shifting the gear position into a target gear position from a current gear position, some gear position different from said current gear position is used as one distributing gear position. The control unit controls the pressing load of a synchromesh of one distributing gear position to make at least part of the rotation torque from the drive power source transfer by the friction. Thereby it makes at least part of the rotation torque transferred by a synchromesh of the current gear position decrease. And then it moves the synchromesh of said current gear position to a disengaging position not meshed with said idle gear. Thereafter another gear position different from said target gear position and said one distributing gear position is used as another distributing gear position.

Abstract: The state discrimination means 301 detects or infers the state of each frictional surface of the synchronizeres 51, 52, - - - , and 56. The synchronizer selection means 302 selects a synchronizer for forming an intermediate transfer path according to a parameter indicating the state of the frictional surface detected or inferred by the state discrimination means 301. The engine torque control means 303 reduces the engine torque according to a parameter indicating the state detected or inferred by the state discrimination means 301.

Abstract: A power transmission system having first to third gear pairs, each having an input gear arranged on an input shaft and an output gear arranged on an output shaft. First to third synchromeshes that may disconnect a corresponding one of the first to third gear pairs from either the input or output shaft, or perform a baulking operation for power transmission until the rotation of a corresponding one of the gear pairs and input or out shaft are synchronized, and/or connect a corresponding one of the gear pairs and either the input or output shaft by meshed engagement. When a speed position of the transmission is shifted from an M-th speed to an L-th speed, the third synchromesh moves toward the third gear pair by a predetermined amount without engaging the third gear pair so as to transmit a driving force from the input shaft to the out pout shaft.

Abstract: A power transmission system capable of preventing a feeling of inertia travel caused by torque transmission interruption, without increasing the axial length of a transmission, thereby improving the speed position-shifting performance of the transmission, includes a plurality of gear pairs and synchromeshes connecting the plurality of gear pairs to an input or output shaft. A driving force assist mechanism supplies the driving force of a prime mover to the output shaft during a shift in speed position and a supplemental driving force has an auxiliary shaft arranged in parallel with the input and output shaft. An intermediate gear is connected to the input shaft and integrally formed with the auxiliary shaft. Auxiliary gears are connected to the output shaft and rotatably arranged on the auxiliary shaft. An assist clutch fastens one of the auxiliary gears to the auxiliary shaft during the shift in speed position.

Abstract: In a changing system in a manual transmission in which a reverse idling gear is slid and meshed simultaneously with a first reverse gear secured to one of a main shaft and a counter shaft and with a second reverse gear mounted on a sleeve of a preselected synchronizing mechanism mounted on the other of the main shaft and the counter shaft, thereby establishing a reverse speed stage, an interlock plate is formed into a shape for inhibiting the movement of a preselected shifting piece in the same direction as a direction of sliding of the reverse idling gear, when a shifting arm having a drive portion engaged with a reverse shifting piece is turned for shifting to establish a reverse speed stage. Thus, it is possible to inhibit the movement of the sleeve of the preselected synchronizing mechanism, when the reverse speed stage is to be established.

Abstract: A power transmission system is provided which can prevent a feeling of inertia travel due to torque transmission interruption occurring when a dog clutch is engaged to shift the speed position, without increasing the axial length of a transmission. An input shaft is connected to a prime mover via a main clutch. Gear pairs are formed by input and output gears arranged on the input shaft and output shafts, respectively. A dog clutch connects one of the gear pairs to the input or output shaft. An auxiliary shaft is connected to the prime mover. Transmission paths are formed on the auxiliary shaft for transmitting the driving force of the prime mover to the output shaft at different gear ratios. In shifting the speed position, an assist clutch supplies the driving force to the output shaft via the auxiliary shaft and a selected transmission path.

Abstract: There is provided a power transmission system which is capable of positively preventing a feeling of inertia travel from being caused by torque transmission interruption which conventionally occurred when a dog clutch is engaged in shifting the speed position of a transmission, without increasing the axial length of a transmission, thereby improving the speed position-shifting performance of the transmission. The transmission of the power transmission system includes a plurality of gear pairs for three or more speed positions, formed by input gears arranged on an input shaft, and output gears arranged on an output shaft, respectively, and synchromeshes of a dog clutch type for connecting the plurality of gear pairs to the input shaft or the output shaft.

Abstract: There is provided a power transmission system which is capable of positively preventing a driver from having a feeling of inertia travel due to torque transmission interruption during an up-shifting operation, simply by using synchromeshes alone and without increasing the axial length of a transmission. This power transmission system includes first to third gear pairs each having an input gear arranged on an input shaft and an output gear arranged on an output shaft, and first to third synchromeshes each capable of performing disconnecting operation for disconnecting a corresponding one of the first to third gear pairs from the input shaft or the output shaft, baulking operation for power transmission until rotations of the corresponding one of the gear pairs and the input shaft or the output shaft are synchronized, and connecting operation for connecting between the corresponding one of the gear pairs and the input shaft or the output shaft by meshed engagement.

Abstract: In changing system in a manual transmission in which a reverse idling gear is slid and meshed simultaneously with a first reverse gear secured to one of a main shaft and a counter shaft and with a second reverse gear mounted on a sleeve of a preselected synchronizing mechanism mounted on the other of the main shaft and the counter shaft, thereby establishing a reverse speed stage, an interlock plate is formed into a shape such that it inhibits the movement of a preselected shifting piece in the same direction as a direction of sliding of the reverse idling gear, when a shifting arm having a drive portion engaged with a reverse shifting piece is turned for shifting to establish a reverse speed stage. Thus, it is possible to inhibit the movement of the sleeve of the preselected synchronizing mechanism, when the reverse speed stage is to be established, whereby the reverse shifting load can be reduced.

Abstract: In a vehicle drive system having a torque split arrangement, it is difficult to have all the rotating parts of the system to be properly balanced. In particular, when a rotational speed difference is produced between the two output elements, relatively massive parts which may not be properly balanced may have to be turned at a high speed. According to the present invention, because the power output of the engine is reduced whenever any significant speed difference is produced between the two output elements, no part of the drive system is subjected to any excessive rotational speed, and are therefore not required to have any excessive mechanical strength. This improves the reliability of the system, and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Abstract: In a planetary differential gear system using helical gears, a clutch is interposed between a carrier for planetary gears and a differential casing, and adapted to be engaged by an axial thrust force produced by a sun gear. First and second axle shafts are provided with splined internal ends which are received in complementary bores of the sun gear and the carrier, respectively. The first axle shaft is received in a bore of the differential casing so as to be freely slidable and rotatable jointly with the sun gear. Therefore, the thrust force produced by the sun gear when a drive input is applied to the differential system can be transmitted to the friction clutch without being obstructed by the friction produced by the splined coupling between the first axle shaft and the sun gear, or disturbed by any unpredictable force of engagement between the first axle shaft and the sun gear.

Abstract: A vertical XY stage includes a base, an X-axis slider, a Y-axis slider, and a stage. The X-axis slider is movably mounted on the base. The Y-axis slider is movably mounted on the X-axis slider. Workpieces are arranged on the stage. The Y-axis slider includes a horizontally arranged slider main body, and a vertical portion vertically arranged and having a guide for allowing the Y-axis slider to move in a Y-axis direction. The stage is arranged in a space surrounded by the slider main body and the vertical portion of the Y-axis slider. The stage can be pivoted through a shaft mounted on the Y-axis slider.

Abstract: A system for lubricating a transmission for a vehicle includes an auxiliary oil reservoir placed in the transmission case apart from transmission gears, an oil pump in the transmission case operated interlockingly with an output shaft of the transmission for pumping lubricating oil stored in the bottom of the case into the auxiliary oil reservoir, and a circulating means provided in the auxiliary oil reservoir for regulating the amount of oil circulated from the auxiliary oil reservoir into the transmission case, such that the amount of oil in the auxiliary oil reservoir is increased or decreased in accordance with a respective increase or decrease in the amount of oil discharged from the oil pump.

Abstract: A multiple-disk clutch apparatus including an input-side rotatable member having a clutch disk pressing surface, a pressure plate attached to the input-side rotatable member and disposed on an axially rear side opposing the pressing surface, a plurality of clutch disks disposed between the pressing surface and the pressure plate with an intermediate plate being interposed between the clutch disks, and a stopper member for restricting an axially rearward return position of the intermediate plate at the time of clutch disengagement. The stopper member is mounted on the input side rotatable member via a one-way mechanism which allows an axially forward movement of the stopper member but which restricts an axially rearward movement thereof. A holder for holding the one-way mechanism can be mounted on the input side rotatable member so as to be movable axially rearward against a spring. A restriction portion for restricting an axially forward movement of the holder can be formed in the input side rotatable member.

Abstract: A static pressure lead screw includes a porous ceramic body having fluid flow paths as part of a flank. The porous ceramic body is fixed by a tubular base member through which the fluid does not flow. Fluid guide holes for supplying the fluid to the porous body extend through the tubular base member and are connected to the porous body. In a preferred embodiment, an electroless-plated layer is formed in a surface layer of the flank or an inner portion continuous with the surface layer, thereby obtaining various high-accuracy static pressure guides with high statical stiffness.