Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition includes a thermoplastic resin comprising a polycarbonate resin; inorganic fillers; and a sulfonate represented by Formula 1: wherein R1 is a C6 to C30 hydrocarbon group. The thermoplastic resin composition can have excellent impact resistance, rigidity, flame retardance, physical property balance therebetween, and the like.

Abstract: The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises: (A) a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl-based graft copolymer resin; (B) a polyester resin; (C) a maleimide-based polymer; (D) a copolymer resin of a modified aromatic vinyl compound-cyanide vinyl compound comprising a functional group which can react with a polyester; and (E) an aromatic vinyl-based resin copolymerized with an alkyl(meth)acrylate, wherein the aromatic vinyl-based resin copolymerized with the alkyl(meth)acrylate (E) is included in the composition at approximately 6 to 12 percent by weight.

Abstract: Methods are described for improving reproducibility of mass spectrum and quantitative analysis method using the same. More particularly, methods for improving reproducibility of a mass spectrum of a chemical compound, wherein temperatures of an ion generation reaction are controlled to be the same with each other, or wherein spectra of which temperature of ion generation reaction are the same with each other are selected from mass spectra of a chemical compound are described. In addition, methods for measuring an equilibrium constant of a proton transfer reaction between a matrix and an analyte at a certain temperature, for obtaining a calibration curve for quantitative analysis, and for quantitative analysis of an analyte by using mass spectra area described.

Abstract: A silane compound is represented by Formula 1: wherein each R1 is independently a single bond, an ether group, a carbonyl group, a thioether group, a sulfone group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, R2 and R3 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, each R4 is independently hydrogen or a C1 to C5 hydrocarbon group, each X is independently halogen, a hydroxyl group, C1 to C20 alkoxy, or C6 to C20 aryloxy, each Y is independently a single bond, an amide group, a thioester group, a hydroxyethylene group, a carbonyl group, an aromatic group or an ester group, a and b are each independently an integer from 1 to 3, a+b is 4, no is an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 5 to 50, and p and q are each independently an integer from 0 to 4.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition includes a thermoplastic resin comprising a polycarbonate resin; inorganic fillers; and a sulfonate represented by Formula 1: wherein R1 is a C6 to C30 hydrocarbon group. The thermoplastic resin composition can have excellent impact resistance, rigidity, flame retardance, physical property balance therebetween, and the like.

Abstract: Methods are described for improving reproducibility of mass spectrum and quantitative analysis method using the same. More particularly, methods for improving reproducibility of a mass spectrum of a chemical compound, wherein temperatures of an ion generation reaction are controlled to be the same with each other, or wherein spectra of which temperature of ion generation reaction are the same with each other are selected from mass spectra of a chemical compound are described. In addition, methods for measuring an equilibrium constant of a proton transfer reaction between a matrix and an analyte at a certain temperature, for obtaining a calibration curve for quantitative analysis, and for quantitative analysis of an analyte by using mass spectra area described.

Abstract: A silane compound is represented by Formula 1: wherein each R1 is independently a single bond, an ether group, a carbonyl group, a thioether group, a sulfone group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, R2 and R3 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, each R4 is independently hydrogen or a C1 to C5 hydrocarbon group, each X is independently halogen, a hydroxyl group, C1 to C20 alkoxy, or C6 to C20 aryloxy, each Y is independently a single bond, an amide group, a thioester group, a hydroxyethylene group, a carbonyl group, an aromatic group or an ester group, a and b are each independently an integer from 1 to 3, a+b is 4, no is an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 5 to 50, and p and q are each independently an integer from 0 to 4.

Abstract: A method of transferring graphene includes depositing graphene on a side of at least one metal substrate to provide a metal substrate-graphene layer, stacking a target substrate on a side of the metal substrate-graphene layer to provide a stacked structure in which a side of the target substrate faces the graphene layer, and exposing the stacked structure to an electrolysis bath to remove the metal substrate and transfer the graphene onto the side of the target substrate.

Abstract: A polycarbonate resin composition includes: a polycarbonate resin; inorganic fillers including flake and acicular fillers; and a sulfonate represented by Formula 1, wherein the sulfonate is present in an amount of about 0.1 parts by weight to about 1.0 part by weight based on about 100 parts by weight of the polycarbonate resin. The polycarbonate resin composition can exhibit excellent stiffness, excellent impact resistance, excellent property balance therebetween, and the like. wherein R1 is a C6 to C30 hydrocarbon group; M is an alkali or alkali earth metal; and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition with improved impact resistance can include (A) about 30 to about 99 parts by weight of an epoxy group-containing styrenic polymer comprising (A1) about 5 to about 100% by weight of an epoxy group-containing vinyl copolymer containing about 0.001 to about 5.0 mol % of an epoxy compound; and (A2) about 0 to about 95% by weight of a rubber modified styrenic copolymer resin; (B) about 1 to about 70 parts by weight of a polyester resin; (C) about 0.001 to about 10 parts by weight of a silicone oil, per 100 parts by weight of a base resin comprising (A) and (B); (D) about 3 to about 20 parts by weight of a bromine-containing flame retardant, per 100 parts by weight of a base resin comprising (A) and (B); and (E) about 0.1 to about 6 parts by weight of a flame retardant aid, per 100 parts by weight of a base resin comprising (A) and (B).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are carbon nanotubes and a method of manufacturing the same. The carbon nanotubes include at least one element selected from aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg) and silicon (Si) and at least one metal selected from cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and molybdenum (Mo), and have an intensity ratio (ID/IG) of about 1.10 or less as measured by Raman spectroscopy and a carbon purity of about 98% or higher. The carbon nanotubes prepared by the method can be controlled in terms of carbon purity and preparation yield while eliminating the need for post-refining treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method of ?-methylene lactone which comprises the following steps: (A) a step of producing an enolate intermediate by making lactone react with alkyl formate under the presence of an alkoxide base; and (B) making the enolate intermediate react with paraformaldehyde. The production method of the present invention is capable of reducing the process time, improving yield, and minimizing the contamination of a reactor.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition includes (A) thermoplastic resin in an amount of about 100 parts by weight, (B) flame retardant in an amount of about 1 to about 10 parts by weight, and (C) carbon nanotubes in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.05 parts by weight. The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can have excellent anti-dripping properties.

Abstract: A silane compound is represented by Formula 1: wherein each R1 is independently a single bond, an ether group, a carbonyl group, a thioether group, a sulfone group, or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, R2 and R3 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, each R4 is independently hydrogen or a C1 to C5 hydrocarbon group, each X is independently halogen, a hydroxyl group, or C1 to C20 alkoxy, each Y is independently a single bond, an amide group, a thioester group, a hydroxyethylene group, a carbonyl group, an aromatic group or an ester group, a and b are each independently an integer from 1 to 3, a+b is 4, m is an integer from 0 to 5, n is an integer from 5 to 50, and p and q are each independently an integer from 0 to 4.

Abstract: The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises: (A) a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl-based graft copolymer resin; (B) a polyester resin; (C) a maleimide-based polymer; (D) a copolymer resin of a modified aromatic vinyl compound-cyanide vinyl compound comprising a functional group which can react with a polyester; and (E) an aromatic vinyl-based resin copolymerized with an alkyl(meth)acrylate, wherein the aromatic vinyl-based resin copolymerized with the alkyl(meth)acrylate (E) is included in the composition at approximately 6 to 12 percent by weight.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition includes (A) thermoplastic resin in an amount of about 100 parts by weight, (B) flame retardant in an amount of about 1 to about 10 parts by weight, and (C) carbon nanotubes in an amount of about 0.005 to about 0.05 parts by weight. The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can have excellent anti-dripping properties.

Abstract: A flame retardant includes a polymer including a unit represented by Formula 1: wherein A and B are each independently a single bond, C1 to C5 alkylene, C1 to C5 alkylidene, C5 to C6 cycloalkylidene, —S— or —SO2—, provided that A and B are different from each other; R1 and R4 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryloxy; R2, R3, R5 and R6 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C6 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C6 cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C12 aryl, or halogen; a, b, c and d are each independently an integer from 0 to 4; m is an integer from 0 to 500; and n is an integer from 1 to 500. The flame retardant polyamide resin composition can have excellent flame retardancy and can maintain crystallinity.

Abstract: A crude reaction product includes: (A) about 90 to 100% by weight of a dianhydro sugar alcohol in a solid form and (B) about 0 to about 10% by weight of a reaction byproduct in a solid form. The reaction product is prepared by the steps of (a) preparing a monoanhydro sugar alcohol by reacting a sugar alcohol in the presence of a first cyclization catalyst and (b) preparing a dianhydro sugar alcohol by reacting the monoanhydro sugar alcohol in the presence of a second catalyst.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for providing and using content advisory (CA) information on Internet contents. A method of providing CA information by using a CA information server, includes receiving a request for the CA information on a content, from an Internet Protocol television (IPTV); searching for CA information on the content; and transmitting the found CA information to the IPTV. A method of using CA information when an IPTV reproduces a content not having the CA information, according to the present invention, includes transmitting a request for CA information, to a CA information server; receiving the CA information from the CA information server; analyzing the CA information; and applying the CA information.