Abstract: A zero padding apparatus and method for fixed length signaling information are disclosed. A zero padding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a LDPC information bit string by deciding a number of groups whose all bits are to be filled with 0 using a difference between a length of the LDPC information bit string and a length of a BCH-encoded bit string, selecting the groups using a shortening pattern order to fill all the bits of the groups with 0, and filling at least a part of remaining groups, which are not filled with 0, with the BCH-encoded bit string; and memory configured to provide the LDPC information bit string to an LDPC encoder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a gateway-signaling method for Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) operation and an apparatus for the same. An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a predistortion unit for performing predistortion for decorrelating signals corresponding to transmitters using the number of transmitters used for MISO and a transmitter coefficient index that are identified using a timing and management packet transmitted through a Studio-to-Transmitter Link (STL), thereby generating a pre-distorted signal; and an RF signal generation unit for generating an RF transmission signal using the pre-distorted signal corresponding to the transmitter coefficient index.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information shared by the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal, using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: A low density parity check (LDPC) encoder, an LDPC decoder, and an LDPC encoding method are disclosed. The LDPC encoder includes first memory, second memory, and a processor. The first memory stores an LDPC codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 7/15. The second memory is initialized to 0. The processor generates the LDPC codeword corresponding to information bits by performing accumulation with respect to the second memory using a sequence corresponding to a parity check matrix (PCM).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a gateway-signaling method for frequency/timing offsets and an apparatus for the same. An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frequency/timing decision unit for determining a center frequency to which a frequency offset is applied using a carrier offset, which is identified using a timing and a management packet transmitted through a Studio-to-Transmitter Link (STL); and an RF signal generation unit for generating an RF signal to be transmitted, which corresponds to the center frequency.

Abstract: A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 7/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for providing an offloading service. A method of providing an offloading service according to an example embodiment includes streaming, to a user terminal including a cellular network receiver and a broadcast network receiver, media content data through a cellular network, transmitting, to the user terminal, an offloading service providing signal for activating the broadcast network receiver of the user terminal through the cellular network, transmitting, to the user terminal, a broadcast signal including connection information of a broadcast network to which the user terminal is to be connected so as to receive the media content data, through the cellular network, and broadcasting the media content data through the broadcast network.

Abstract: A zero padding apparatus and method for fixed length signaling information are disclosed. A zero padding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a LDPC information bit string by deciding a number of groups whose all bits are to be filled with 0 using a difference between a length of the LDPC information bit string and a length of a BCH-encoded bit string, selecting the groups using a shortening pattern order to fill all the bits of the groups with 0, and filling at least a part of remaining groups, which are not filled with 0, with the BCH-encoded bit string; and memory configured to provide the LDPC information bit string to an LDPC encoder.

Abstract: A low density parity check (LDPC) encoder, an LDPC decoder, and an LDPC encoding method are disclosed. The LDPC encoder includes first memory, second memory, and a processor. The first memory stores an LDPC codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 3/15. The second memory is initialized to 0. The processor generates the LDPC codeword corresponding to information bits by performing accumulation with respect to the second memory using a sequence corresponding to a parity check matrix (PCM).

Abstract: An operation method of a terminal in a communication system may comprise: receiving downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling uplink transmission from a base station; identifying a communication node initiating a channel occupancy time associated with the uplink transmission based on a channel access parameter included in the DCI; and performing the uplink transmission scheduled by the DCI within the channel occupancy time initiated by the communication node, wherein the communication node is the terminal or the base station.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal; a power normalizer configured to reduce power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing time-interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling start position information and size information for each of Physical Layer Pipes (PLPs). In this case, the Physical Layer Pipes include a core layer physical layer pipe corresponding to the core layer signal and an enhanced layer physical layer pipe corresponding to the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling, size information of Physical Layer Pipes (PLPs) and time interleaver information shared by the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal.

Abstract: A low density parity check (LDPC) encoder, an LDPC decoder, and an LDPC encoding method are disclosed. The LDPC encoder includes first memory, second memory, and a processor. The first memory stores an LDPC codeword having a length of 16200 and a code rate of 3/15. The second memory is initialized to 0. The processor generates the LDPC codeword corresponding to information bits by performing accumulation with respect to the second memory using a sequence corresponding to a parity check matrix (PCM).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for broadcast signal frame using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. An apparatus for generating broadcast signal frame according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a preamble for signaling time interleaver information shared by the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal, using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a gateway-signaling method for Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) operation and an apparatus for the same. An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a predistortion unit for performing predistortion for decorrelating signals corresponding to transmitters using the number of transmitters used for MISO and a transmitter coefficient index that are identified using a timing and management packet transmitted through a Studio-to-Transmitter Link (STL), thereby generating a pre-distorted signal; and an RF signal generation unit for generating an RF transmission signal using the pre-distorted signal corresponding to the transmitter coefficient index.

Abstract: A parity interleaving apparatus and method for variable length signaling information are disclosed. A parity interleaving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor configured to generate a parity bit string for parity puncturing by segmenting parity bits of an LDPC codeword whose length is 16200 and whose code rate is 3/15, into a plurality of groups, and group-wise interleaving the groups using an order of group-wise interleaving; and memory configured to provide the parity bit string for parity puncturing to a parity puncturing unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating broadcast signal frame using layered division multiplexing are disclosed. The apparatus includes a combiner configured to generate a multiplexed signal by combining a core layer signal and an enhanced layer signal at different power levels; a power normalizer configured to reduce the power of the multiplexed signal to a power level corresponding to the core layer signal; a time interleaver configured to generate a time-interleaved signal by performing interleaving that is applied to both the core layer signal and the enhanced layer signal; and a frame builder configured to generate a broadcast signal frame including a bootstrap and a preamble using the time-interleaved signal.

Abstract: A low density parity check (LDPC) encoder, an LDPC decoder, and an LDPC encoding method are disclosed. The LDPC encoder includes first memory, second memory, and a processor. The first memory stores an LDPC codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 7/15. The second memory is initialized to 0. The processor generates the LDPC codeword corresponding to information bits by performing accumulation with respect to the second memory using a sequence corresponding to a parity check matrix (PCM).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a gateway-signaling method for frequency/timing offsets and an apparatus for the same. An apparatus for transmitting a broadcast signal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a frequency/timing decision unit for determining a center frequency to which a frequency offset is applied using a carrier offset, which is identified using a timing and a management packet transmitted through a Studio-to-Transmitter Link (STL); and an RF signal generation unit for generating an RF signal to be transmitted, which corresponds to the center frequency.

Abstract: A method for repetitive transmission of a transport block, performed by a first communication node, may comprise generating a first modulation symbol by performing a modulation operation on a first bit sequence of the transport block; generating a second bit sequence by changing an arrangement order of bits included in the first bit sequence according to a preconfigured rule; generating a second modulation symbol by performing the modulation operation on the second bit sequence; and transmitting, to a second communication node, the first modulation symbol and the second modulation symbol on different data channels.