Abstract: Disclosed is a direction controllable electrode body, comprising a flexible body which comprises: a first electrode, comprising a body, a first cap joined to one end of the body, and a first electrode line connected to an other end of the body; an insulator in partial contact with the body and the first cap of the first electrode, said insulator functioning to insulate the first electrode from the second electrode; a second electrode, comprising a first ring in contact with the insulator, and a second electrode line connected to one end of the first ring; and a direction controller, comprising a first direction controlling wire communicating with the first electrode or the second electrode to control direction of the electrode body. Also, a guide pipe is provided for leading the electrode body to a target tissue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to treating an inter-vertebral disc, in particular, to a method of treating an inter-vertebral disc by effectively ablating a tissue within a disc, in which herniation of nucleus pulposus occurs. A method of treating an inter-vertebral disc according to one embodiment of the present invention relates to treatment using a guidable electrode to be inserted into an inter-vertebral disc of a patient, in which the treatment comprises a step of inserting a front end of a needle unit from the outside of annulus fibrosus into the inside of the annulus fibrosus, a step of inserting a guidable electrode through the rear of the needle unit, a step of adjusting position of the end of the electrode to be adjacent to a target tissue within the annulus fibrosus, and a step of ablating a tissue within nucleus pulposus by applying electrical energy to the electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a biodegradable implant including magnesium, wherein the magnesium contains, as impurities, (i) manganese (Mn); and (ii) one selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and mixtures of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), wherein the impurities satisfy the following condition: 0</(i)?5, and an amount of the impurities is 1 part by weight or less but exceeding 0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the magnesium, and to a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A method of setting write factors of each head in a hard disk and a hard disk drive using the method. The method includes writing a write signal onto a test track based on a write factor initially set on the magnetic head, writing the write signals onto the tracks adjacent to the test track, measuring the write quality of the test track, changing the write factor of the magnetic head and repeating the writing of the write signal onto the test track, and setting a write factor of the magnetic head by selecting the write factor corresponding to an optimum write quality from among the write qualities of the write factors of the test track.

Abstract: A method of setting an AC erase frequency using a data frequency of a disk area and an AC erase method. The method of setting the AC erase frequency includes obtaining a data frequency for each disk area, and setting an AC erase frequency for each disk area based on the data frequency for each disk area.

Abstract: For protecting data during transmission between a host device and a data storage device, the host device encrypts command-related information and sends the encrypted command-related information to the data storage device. The data storage device decrypts the encrypted command-related information, interprets the decrypted command-related information to generate interpreted commands, and executes the interpreted commands.

Abstract: A recording current optimization method to optimize a recording current according to a change of a driving voltage applied to a pre-amplifier that generates the recording current supplied to a head, a recording medium storing a program that executes the method, and an apparatus that employs the method. The method of optimizing the recording current provided to the recording head of the hard disk drive includes detecting a driving voltage of the pre-amplifier, determining a voltage difference between the detected driving voltage and a reference driving voltage of the pre-amplifier, and optimizing the recording current according to the determined voltage difference. The recording current is adaptively optimized according to the change of the pre-amplifier driving power to provide the recording current to the head such that adjacent track erasure (ATE) and weak write (WW) are prevented from occurring due to the change of the driving power.

Abstract: For protecting data during transmission between a host device and a data storage device, the host device encrypts command-related information and sends the encrypted command-related information to the data storage device. The data storage device decrypts the encrypted command-related information, interprets the decrypted command-related information to generate interpreted commands, and executes the interpreted commands.

Abstract: For protecting data within a data storage system, such as a hard disk drive, security enable mode is entered. In that mode, initialization data is moved from a first area of a disk to a second area of the disk with a location of the second area being randomly generated. The initialization data is then erased from the first area. Also, a first cipher for firmware and a second cipher for a disk are both changed into a randomly generated value. Later, access to the initialization data from the second area is granted in the security enable mode if the first and second ciphers are the same.

Abstract: For protecting data during transmission between a host device and a data storage device, the host device encrypts command-related information and sends the encrypted command-related information to the data storage device. The data storage device decrypts the encrypted command-related information, interprets the decrypted command-related information to generate interpreted commands, and executes the interpreted commands.

Abstract: A data storage device and method of controlling the same. An automatic data update method of a data storage system, includes: counting a number of times a write mode is executed in tracks adjacent to each track of a storage medium; reading data stored in one of the tracks of the storage medium when the number of times the write mode is executed in any tracks adjacent to the one of the tracks exceeds a specified threshold value; and re-writing the read data to the one of the tracks.

Abstract: A method of setting an AC erase frequency using a data frequency of a disk area and an AC erase method. The method of setting the AC erase frequency includes obtaining a data frequency for each disk area, and setting an AC erase frequency for each disk area based on the data frequency for each disk area.

Abstract: A method of setting write factors of each head in a hard disk and a hard disk drive using the method. The method includes writing a write signal onto a test track based on a write factor initially set on the magnetic head, writing the write signals onto the tracks adjacent to the test track, measuring the write quality of the test track, changing the write factor of the magnetic head and repeating the writing of the write signal onto the test track, and setting a write factor of the magnetic head by selecting the write factor corresponding to an optimum write quality from among the write qualities of the write factors of the test track.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for varying a recording density of a data storage system. The method includes setting a range of a region whose recording density is to be changed, judging whether a region in which data read and write commands are to be executed is within the set range, and performing data read and write operations by allocating only one data among a plurality of continuous tracks as a data track if the region in which the data read and write commands are to be executed is within the set range.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for processing data according to data types. The data processing method is performed by a slave processor and a main processor, wherein the slave processor stores and reads data and the main processor is connected to the slave processor to process the data.

Abstract: A recording current optimization method to optimize a recording current according to a change of a driving voltage applied to a pre-amplifier that generates the recording current supplied to a head, a recording medium storing a program that executes the method, and an apparatus that employs the method. The method of optimizing the recording current provided to the recording head of the hard disk drive includes detecting a driving voltage of the pre-amplifier, determining a voltage difference between the detected driving voltage and a reference driving voltage of the pre-amplifier, and optimizing the recording current according to the determined voltage difference. The recording current is adaptively optimized according to the change of the pre-amplifier driving power to provide the recording current to the head such that adjacent track erasure (ATE) and weak write (WW) are prevented from occurring due to the change of the driving power.

Abstract: Provided is a data storing apparatus for recording data processed by a host system, and more particularly, to an authentication method of determining legality of the host system for accessing the data storing apparatus and recording medium storing the same. The authentication method includes: checking a connection elapsed time with the host system; when the connection elapsed time exceeds a predetermined time period, requesting the data storing apparatus to authenticate the host system; and determining to allow the host system to access the data storing apparatus according to the authentication result. According to the authentication method, the data storing apparatus counts the connection elapsed time with the host system, and authenticates the host system if the connection elapsed time exceeds a predetermined time period, thereby preventing the data storing apparatus from illegally being accessed by an authorized host system after the host system authenticates the data storing apparatus.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for varying a recording density of a data storage system. The method includes setting a range of a region whose recording density is to be changed, judging whether a region in which data read and write commands are to be executed is within the set range, and performing data read and write operations by allocating only one data among a plurality of continuous tracks as a data track if the region in which the data read and write commands are to be executed is within the set range.

Abstract: A method of recording data capable of preventing an adjacent track erase is provided. The method includes accumulating and computing the number of times the data is recorded in sectors of at least one track, determining whether the accumulated number of times exceeds a predetermined number of times, and rewriting the data, which is recorded in adjacent tracks to the at least one track, in the adjacent tracks, if the accumulated number of times exceeds the predetermined number of times. If the number of times exceeds a predetermined number, the data is rewritten in regions adjacent to the specific region, thereby minimizing the influence of the ATE.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of authenticating access of a data recording device to data provided by a host system. First and second random numbers are generated and exchanged by the host system and the recording device. An ID of the recording device stored by the host system and an ID of the host system stored by the recording device are each encrypted by the first and second random numbers. The encrypted IDs are exchanged by the host system and the recording device and respectively decrypted by the first and second random numbers. If the ID decrypted by the recording device matches the stored ID of the host system, the host system is authenticated at the recording device. If the ID decrypted by the host system matches the stored ID of the recording device, the recording device is authenticated at the host system.