Abstract: A method for producing a product includes providing a first feed including a biomass into a reactor, providing a second feed including a carbonaceous material into the reactor, and providing a third feed including carbon dioxide into the reactor. The first feed, the second feed, and the third feed react in the reactor with reaction conditions sufficient to: a) gasify the biomass, b) dry reform the carbonaceous materials with the carbon dioxide, and c) produce the product. A conversion system and a reactor are also provided.

Abstract: A television server generates a metadata map that represents relationships among media content description data based on viewing patterns of multiple viewers. The television server sends the metadata map to a client device. The client device targets advertisements to a viewer based on the metadata map and a recent viewing history of the viewer.

Abstract: A television server generates a metadata map that represents relationships among media content description data based on viewing patterns of multiple viewers. The television server sends the metadata map to a client device. The client device targets advertisements to a viewer based on the metadata map and a recent viewing history of the viewer.

Abstract: A method for providing assets includes providing information to a user regarding at least one asset from a pool of assets, where the pool of assets includes a subset of available assets and a subset of unavailable assets, and then receiving a user's request for an asset from the pool of assets to define a requested asset. The method further includes determining whether the requested asset is: (a) within the subset of available assets; or (b) within the subset of unavailable assets. The method further includes, when the requested asset is within the subset of available assets, immediately providing the requested asset to the user. Further, the method includes, when the requested asset is within the subset of unavailable assets, offering to provide the requested asset to the user when a number of requests for the requested asset exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: A method for providing assets includes providing information to a user regarding at least one asset from a pool of assets, where the pool of assets includes a subset of available assets and a subset of unavailable assets, and then receiving a user's request for an asset from the pool of assets to define a requested asset. The method further includes determining whether the requested asset is: (a) within the subset of available assets; or (b) within the subset of unavailable assets. The method further includes, when the requested asset is within the subset of available assets, immediately providing the requested asset to the user. Further, the method includes, when the requested asset is within the subset of unavailable assets, offering to provide the requested asset to the user when a number of requests for the requested asset exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: A television server generates a metadata map that represents relationships among media content description data based on viewing patterns of multiple viewers. The television server sends the metadata map to a client device. The client device targets advertisements to a viewer based on the metadata map and a recent viewing history of the viewer.

Abstract: A media distribution system receives program data describing on-demand media content available from multiple vendors. The media distribution system packages the program data as electronic program guide data and distributes the electronic program guide data to one or more client devices.

Abstract: A method for mild gasification of crushed coal in a single vertical elongated reaction vessel providing a fluidized bed reaction zone, a freeboard reaction zone, and an entrained reaction zone within the single vessel. Feed coal and gas may be fed separately to each of these reaction zones to provide different reaction temperatures and conditions in each reaction zone. The reactor and process of this invention provides for the complete utilization of a coal supply for gasification including utilization of caking and non-caking or agglomerating feeds in the same reactor. The products may be adjusted to provide significantly greater product economic value, especially with respect to desired production of char having high surface area.

Abstract: A process for gasification of cellulosic materials in a single gasification vessel wherein the cellulosic materials are introduced directly into a single back-mixed fluidized bed of high heat capacity inert solids. The fluidized bed is maintained at temperatures of about 1200.degree. to about 1600.degree. F., pressures of up to about 500 psig devolatilizing the cellulosic materials. A substantial portion of the heavier hydrocarbons produced by devolatilization of the cellulosic materials is reformed within the gasification vessel and a substantial portion of the devolatilized cellulosic materials is gasified by reaction with hydrogen and steam within the fluidized bed. Cellulosic materials residue is combusted in an oxygen-rich atmosphere in the lower portion of the fluidized bed to principally form heat and cellulosic materials ash. The highly back-mixed fluidized bed results in temperature variation along the height of the bed, including the combustion zone, of less than 100.degree. F.

Abstract: A process for gasification of cellulosic biomass in a single gasification vessel wherein the cellulosic biomass is introduced directly into a single back-mixed fluidized bed of high heat capacity inert solids. The fluidized bed is maintained at temperatures of about 1200.degree. to about 1600.degree. F., pressures of up to about 500 psig devolatilizing the biomass. A substantial portion of the heavier hydrocarbons produced by devolatilization of the biomass is reformed within the gasification vessel and a substantial portion of the devolatilized biomass is gasified by reaction with hydrogen and steam within the fluidized bed. Biomass residue is combusted in an oxygen-rich atmosphere in the lower portion of the fluidized bed to principally form heat and biomass ash. The highly back-mixed fluidized bed results in temperature variation along the height of the bed, including the combustion zone, of less than 100.degree. F.

Abstract: A process for fossil fuel refining by contacting ground solid fossil fuel for about 1/2 to about 3 hours with phenol at a temperature of about 600.degree. to 690.degree. F. and a corresponding saturation pressure of about 250 to 430 psig, the phenol being present in greater amounts by weight than the fossil fuel and dissolving refined product from the fossil fuel leaving a solid fuel residue. The phenol containing the refined product is removed from the fuel residue while heated, followed by cooling and separation of the refined product from the phenol which is recycled to the solvent extraction process. The process provides refined products low in mineral matter and sulfur following a low pressure solvent refining process which does not require a proton donor, acid catalyst or an external source of hydrogen.