Abstract: A two-dimensional photonic crystal laser includes: electrodes; an active layer; and a two-dimensional photonic crystal layer in which modified refractive index regions are disposed to be shifted by different shift amounts from respective lattice points or/and are disposed at the respective lattice points with different areas, the shift amount or/and the area is/are modified with a composite modulation period and expressed by a modulation phase ?(r?) expressed using a vector r? indicating a position of each lattice point of the two-dimensional lattice, a vector kn? indicating a combination of an inclination angle and an azimuthal angle of each of n laser beams mutually differing in the inclination angle and/or the azimuthal angle, and an amplitude An and a phase exp(i?n) determined for each n and the amplitude An and/or the phase exp(i?n) for each value of n differ(s) from each other in at least two different values of n.

Abstract: A two-dimensional photonic-crystal surface-emitting laser includes: a two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer; an active layer provided on one surface side of the two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer; and a reflection layer provided on the other surface side of the two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer or on a side opposite to the two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer so as to be spaced apart from the two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer, wherein a distance d between surfaces of the two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer and the reflection layer facing each other is set such that a radiation coefficient difference ??v=(?v1??v0), which is a value obtained by subtracting a radiation coefficient ?v0 of a fundamental mode having the smallest loss from a radiation coefficient ?v1 of a first higher order mode having the second smallest loss among the light amplified in the two-dimensional photonic-crystal layer, is 1 cm?1 or more.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps on a first semiconductor substrate; and a lens material in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: To reduce crosstalk between adjacent pixels in an imaging element that acquires polarization information of a subject. The imaging element is provided with a plurality of pixels, a separation region, and a non-separation region. Each of the plurality of pixels is provided with a polarization unit that polarizes incident light in a specific polarization direction and a photoelectric conversion unit that is formed in a semiconductor substrate and performs photoelectric conversion of the polarized incident light. The separation region is arranged in the semiconductor substrate and separates the plurality of pixels from each other. The non-separation region includes the semiconductor substrate in the clearance formed in the separation region in the vicinity of the corner of the pixel.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps on a first semiconductor substrate; and a lens material in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps on a first semiconductor substrate; and a lens material in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps on a first semiconductor substrate; and a lens material in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps on a first semiconductor substrate; and a lens material in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: A transport device includes a transport section, a processing section, a detector, and a transport controller. The transport section transports a sheet. The processing section performs processing on the sheet. The detector detects a movement of a pointing instrument on a detection surface of the detector itself. The transport controller allows the sheet to be transported by a distance corresponding to the movement of the pointing instrument, and in a direction corresponding to the movement of the pointing instrument.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a solid-state image sensing device for preventing a reduction in light receiving sensitivity of an avalanche photodiode, an electronic device, and a method for manufacturing the solid-state image sensing device. A solid-state image sensing device includes an avalanche photodiode having a first region of a first conductive type, a second region of a second conductive type different from the first conductive type, and an avalanche region sandwiched between the first region and the second region, which extend in a thickness direction of a semiconductor substrate, and a film formed on at least one side of the semiconductor substrate and including a metal oxide film, a metal nitride film, or a mix crystal-based film of metal oxide film and metal nitride film. The present technology can be applied to CMOS image sensors, for example.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps on a first semiconductor substrate; and a lens material in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor device including: a plurality of bumps (13) on a first semiconductor substrate (11); and a lens material (57) in a region other than the plurality of bumps on the first semiconductor substrate, wherein a distance between a side of a bump closest to the lens material and a side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater than twice a diameter of the bump closest to the lens material, and wherein the distance between the side of the bump closest to the lens material and the side of the lens material closest to the bump is greater a minimum pitch of the bumps.

Abstract: To improve detection efficiency in a solid-state imaging element including a SPAD in which an electrode and wiring are placed in a central portion. A solid-state imaging element includes a photodiode and a light collecting section. The photodiode includes a light receiving surface and an electrode placed on the light receiving surface, and that outputs an electrical signal in accordance with light incident on the light receiving surface in a state where a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage is applied to the electrode. The light collecting section causes light from a subject to be collected in the light receiving surface other than a region where the electrode is placed.

Abstract: An elongated member such as a bar includes spaced-apart infrared light illumination ports at opposite ends thereof. Exemplary spacing between the two spaced-apart light ports may be 20 centimeters or more. Each light port comprises an array of plural light sources. The plural light sources in each array may be directionally aimed to as to provide different illumination directions. The plural light sources in each array may emit different colors or frequencies of light. Example applications include targeting or marking capabilities for a video game or other system handheld pointing device.