Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electrically conductive material includes steps of: (a) providing a carbon fiber; (b) providing a plastic fiber that differs from the carbon fiber; (c) producing a mixture in the form of a two-dimensional mat from the carbon fiber and the plastic fiber; (d) drying the mixture, optionally; (e) consolidating the mixture; (f) cutting the mixture to size, optionally; (g) carbonizing the mixture, wherein the carbonized plastic fibers form a carbon-based matrix possessing electrical conductivity that at least partially surrounds the carbon fibers. Electrically conductive materials obtained by the method have an increased electrical resistance. An emitter is specified that contains a transparent or translucent housing and an electrically conductive material as to above. These now allow emitters of virtually any length to be operated at customary line voltages.

Abstract: An IR radiant heater has at least one planar carbon heating element (1) arranged in a housing, which is transparent or at least partially transparent to IR radiation. At least one carbon heating element (1) is a carbon fiber-reinforced carbon (CFC) web arranged in a plane and arranged between two plates (2, 3), of which at least one is transparent or partially transparent.

Abstract: A device is provided having a holder region including a first holder for a first thread and at least one further holder for at least one further thread, at least one contact area for contacting the first thread and the at least one further thread. At least one radiation source is provided between the holder region and the contact area.

Abstract: An irradiation device is provided having a housing having an interior chamber and an infrared emitter arranged therein. The infrared emitter has an emitter tube made of high silica content glass having a round cross section and a defined outer diameter. Electrical connection elements are made of a metallic material and led out from the emitter tube through a seal. In order to provide the emitter with a long service life and potentially higher output, which is also suitable for being enclosed by a seal that separates the regions of different media, temperatures, or pressures, the emitter tube end also has a round cross section and the defined outer diameter. Between the electrical connection element and the emitter tube there is a seal containing at least one transition glass, which has a thermal expansion coefficient lying between that of the metallic material and that of the high silica content glass.

Abstract: An infrared emitter has at least one emitter tube (11) having pinched sections at each of its ends. At least one opaque tube portion (12) is arranged in a manner welded in alignment with the at least one emitter tube. The infrared emitter may be installed in a processing chamber (21).

Abstract: A module is provided for irradiation of at least one substrate. The module includes an irradiation unit for irradiating the substrate with ultraviolet light, wherein the irradiation unit has a discharge lamp with an integrated reflector. A method is also provided for producing an irradiation module for irradiating a substrate using UV light, wherein the reflector is coated on the discharge lamp.

Abstract: An infrared device is provided, in particular an infrared radiation heating device having an infrared radiator for the heating of devices exposed to weather. The infrared device includes an emitter, wherein the emitter for radiating the infrared radiation is inserted in a housing, and the emitter is protected on the emitting side by a protection unit for the emitted radiation. The infrared radiator, the inner housing wall, and the unit are arranged such that cooling takes place by natural convection. A method is also provided for operating such a device in a wind turbine.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an infrared emitter made of an endless quartz glass body, wherein a reflector layer is deposited at least partially on the surface of the body made of quartz glass. The quartz body is divided into individual sections after application of the reflector layer. An infrared emitter is also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for reproducibly producing a carbon band twisted about its longitudinal axis. According to the method carbon fibers are fed into a processing device and are formed into a band-shaped preform having a centerline and an edge on both sides thereof. A shorter average fiber length is fed by the processing device when forming the centerline area than when forming the edges. The preform is subsequently further processed into the carbon band.

Abstract: An infrared emitter has at least one emitter tube (11) having pinched sections at each of its ends. At least one opaque tube portion (12) is arranged in a manner welded in alignment with the at least one emitter tube. The infrared emitter may be installed in a processing chamber (21).

Abstract: A module is provided for irradiation of at least one substrate. The module includes an irradiation unit for irradiating the substrate with ultraviolet light, wherein the irradiation unit has a discharge lamp with an integrated reflector. A method is also provided for producing an irradiation module for irradiating a substrate using UV light, wherein the reflector is coated on the discharge lamp.

Abstract: A high-power radiation module has thermal protection made of inorganic, oxidic material arranged between the radiator and housing. The thermal protection is made of an essentially fiber-free material that is optically inhomogeneous with respect to IR radiation and/or UV radiation The high-power radiation module has a power per unit contact area of at least 200 kW/m2. The use of a radiation module and a method for the production of a radiation module include radiators or radiation units connected electrically and held mechanically in a housing having an outlet opening for the emitted radiation.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided having a chamber for the irradiation of at least one substrate. The apparatus includes a transfer channel for inserting and removing the substrate, a substrate holder inside the chamber, a vacuum pump, and at least one irradiation unit for irradiating the substrate. The irradiation unit has at least one infrared emitter including an integrated reflector.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an infrared emitter made of an endless quartz glass body, wherein a reflector layer is deposited at least partially on the surface of the body made of quartz glass. The quartz body is divided into individual sections after application of the reflector layer. An infrared emitter is also provided.

Abstract: In a known component having a reflector layer, the surface of a base body of quartz glass is covered at least in part with a reflector layer. Starting from this, to provide a component, particularly for use in lamp and reflector manufacture, which is equipped with an efficient, chemically and thermally resistant and, nevertheless, inexpensive reflector layer, it is suggested according to the invention that an SiO2 cover layer should be provided which acts as a diffuse reflector and consists of at least partly opaque quartz glass.

Abstract: An IR radiant heater has at least one planar carbon heating element (1) arranged in a housing, which is transparent or at least partially transparent to IR radiation. At least one carbon heating element (1) is a CFC web arranged in a plane and arranged between two plates (2, 3), of which at least one is transparent or partially transparent.

Abstract: In a known component having a reflector layer, the surface of a base body of quartz glass is covered at least in part with a reflector layer. Starting from this, to provide a component, particularly for use in lamp and reflector manufacture, which is equipped with an efficient, chemically and thermally resistant and, nevertheless, inexpensive reflector layer, it is suggested according to the invention that an SiO2 cover layer should be provided which acts as a diffuse reflector and consists of at least partly opaque quartz glass. The method of the invention for producing such a component is characterized in that a slip which contains amorphous SiO2 particles is produced and applied to the surface of the base body with formation of a slip layer, the slip layer is dried and then vitrified with formation of an SiO2 cover layer.

Abstract: An infrared radiation source has a radiation-transparent, gas-tight tube made of electrically insulating material, in which a heat conductor made of carbon strip is arranged. The heat conductor has two ends, which are respectively electrically and mechanically connected to bushings made of molybdenum and/or tungsten and/or tantalum, and the bushings are respectively connected via current feed-through leads with electrical connections projecting from the tube. The two ends of the heat conductor are respectively connected to one of the bushings by a metallic solder, which contains at least one of the metals titanium, zirconium or hafnium.

Abstract: An infrared emitter element includes: at last one emitter tube made of silica glass, which has two ends; at least one electrical conductor arranged in the emitter tube as a radiation source; a cooling tube made of silica glass, which surrounds the at least one emitter tube spaced therefrom and which is connected to the at least one emitter tube directly at its ends, such that in the region of the electrical conductor at least one flow-supporting channel is formed between the at least one emitter tube and the cooling tube; and a metallic reflector. The cooling tube is completely covered with the reflector on its side facing away from the emitter tube. The infrared emitter element may be used as a flow-through heater, such as a heat exchanger, especially for high-purity fluids.

Abstract: The invention relates to an infrared radiation source having a long, gas-tight casing tube made of quartz glass, and a heat conductor made of carbon which is situated in the casing tube, the heat conductor being electrically connected to at least two electrical contacts outside the casing tube and being situated at a distance from the casing tube by at least one spacer element and being centered therein, and is characterized in that the heat conductor is designed as a long strip and that the at least one spacer element is designed as a disk, whereby the disk has an opening for passing the heat conductor through, the disk at least partially fills the open cross section between the heat conductor and the casing tube, and the disk is made of carbon fiber-reinforced carbon (CFC).