Abstract: An artificial catalyst system substitutable for an in vivo histone acylation function has been successfully established by such an approach of synthetic chromosome acylation using a combination of a chromosome-localizable nucleophilic catalyst and a chromosome-localizable acylating agent.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium comprising on one surface of a nonmagnetic support a nonmagnetic layer containing a nonmagnetic powder and a binder and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder and a binder in this order, as well as comprising a backcoat layer on the other surface of the nonmagnetic support. The nonmagnetic layer is a radiation-cured layer formed by curing with radiation a given radiation-curable composition, and the backcoat layer comprises filler particles with an average primary particle diameter, D50, ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 ?m, the filler particles being selected from the group consisting of organic polymer particles and inorganic colloidal particles.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a cut surface along an edge of the magnetic recording medium and includes, in the following order: a nonmagnetic support having a Young's modulus of 8 GPa or more in a width direction; a nonmagnetic layer formed by radiation curing a dispersion of a radiation curing compound and a nonmagnetic powder in a binder; and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder dispersed in a binder, and the cut surface has a waviness of from 20% to 50% as defined herein.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium comprising on one surface of a nonmagnetic support a nonmagnetic layer containing a nonmagnetic powder and a binder and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder and a binder in this order, as well as comprising a backcoat layer on the other surface of the nonmagnetic support. The nonmagnetic layer is a radiation-cured layer formed by curing with radiation a given radiation-curable composition, and the backcoat layer comprises filler particles with an average primary particle diameter, D50, ranging from 0.05 to 1.0 ?m, the filler particles being selected from the group consisting of organic polymer particles and inorganic colloidal particles.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a cut surface along an edge of the magnetic recording medium and includes, in the following order: a nonmagnetic support having a Young's modulus of 8 GPa or more in a width direction; a nonmagnetic layer formed by radiation curing a dispersion of a radiation curing compound and a nonmagnetic powder in a binder; and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder dispersed in a binder, and the cut surface has a waviness of from 20% to 50% as defined herein.

Abstract: A cleaning medium comprising: a backcoat layer; a nonmagnetic support; and a cleaning layer containing ferromagnetic powder and a binder, in this order, wherein the cleaning layer has projections having a height of 10 nm or higher on a surface of the cleaning layer at a density of from 0.10 to 5.0/?m2 and a surface microhardness of from 294 to 784 MPa.

Abstract: A diaphragm pump includes: a volume changing member which changes the volume of a fluid chamber; a diaphragm member fixed in a stretched state and arranged separate from the fluid chamber, the diaphragm member having a pair of electrodes and a stretch film formed of dielectric elastomer, and the diaphragm member driving the volume changing member in a forward movement direction; a return bias member which drives the volume changing member in a backward movement direction; and a connection member which connects the diaphragm member and the volume changing member. In a low voltage state, the diaphragm member and the return bias member have driving force with respect to the volume changing member.

Abstract: To provide an actuator which is easily made a small size and flexible, and has a large displacement. The actuator comprises a rod-shaped actuator element, having one axial end thereof fixed, including a dielectric film made of a dielectric elastomer and a plurality of electrodes arranged via the dielectric film, in the actuator element, the dielectric film extends as a voltage applied across the electrodes becomes large, and a load member connected to the other axial end of the actuator element and fixed in a state in which the actuator element is permitted to be extended axially, characterized in that making large the voltage applied across the electrodes causes the dielectric film to be extended, whereby the actuator element is extended axially according to the tension of the load member.

Abstract: A leader tape having: a support; an upper layer containing a powder, a binder, and a lubricant; and a lower layer containing a powder, a binder, and a lubricant which is at least 1.12 times as much as the lubricant of the upper layer; wherein the support, the lower layer, and the upper layer is in this order.

Abstract: A cleaning medium comprising: a backcoat layer; a nonmagnetic support; and a cleaning layer containing ferromagnetic powder and a binder, in this order, wherein the cleaning layer has projections having a height of 10 nm or higher on a surface of the cleaning layer at a density of from 0.10 to 5.0/?m2 and a surface microhardness of from 294 to 784 MPa.

Abstract: A cleaning medium including: a non-magnetic back layer; a non-magnetic support; and a cleaning layer containing a ferromagnetic powder and a binder, in this order, wherein a surface of the cleaning layer has a C/Fe peak ratio of from 10 to 20, a Cl/Fe peak ratio of not more than 0.2, and an N/Fe peak ratio of from 0.03 to 0.1 according to an Auger electron spectroscopy.

Abstract: A cleaning medium for a magnetic recording apparatus is disclosed, comprising a nonmagnetic support having provided thereon a lower coating layer mainly containing a nonmagnetic inorganic powder and a binder, and a cleaning layer containing at least a ferromagnetic inorganic powder and a binder provided on the lower coating layer, wherein the thickness of the cleaning layer is from 0.05 to 1.0 ?m, the thickness of the lower coating layer is from 0.2 to 5.0 ?m, the thickness of the support is from 2.0 to 10 ?m, and the thickness in total of the cleaning medium (cleaning tape) is from 4.0 to 15 ?m.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium of the present invention comprises a base film and a magnetic layer containing at least a hexagonal ferrite magnetic powder and a bonding agent; wherein the magnetic layer has a servo band, where a servo signal for performing tracking control of a magnetic head is written, and a data band where data is recorded; wherein the servo signal is written on the servo band magnetized in any one direction of longitudinal directions with being magnetized in a reverse direction for the any one direction; and wherein the hexagonal ferrite magnetic powder is 15 nm to 40 nm in an average plate diameter of a powder particle thereof, is 4 nm to 15 nm in an average plate thickness thereof, and is 140 kA/m to 320 kA/m in a coercivity Hc thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium which has a high S/N ratio of an output read from a servo signal, few deposits adhered to a head, and a low error ratio. The magnetic recording medium has a magnetic layer which includes a servo band onto which a servo signal for controlling tracking of a magnetic head is written and a data band onto which data are recorded. The servo signal is written onto the servo band which has been magnetized in one direction along length of the magnetic recording medium, by magnetizing the servo band in a direction opposite to the one direction. Further, the magnetic layer has indentation hardness of 60 to 140 Kg/mm2.

Abstract: A leader tape having: a support; an upper layer containing a powder, a binder, and a lubricant; and a lower layer containing a powder, a binder, and a lubricant which is at least 1.12 times as much as the lubricant of the upper layer; wherein the support, the lower layer, and the upper layer is in this order.

Abstract: A polishing member for use in polishing of an end face of an optical fiber connector ferrule comprises a substrate and a polishing layer, which is overlaid on the substrate and which comprises a binder and fine polishing particles dispersed in the binder. Agglomerated fine silica particles having a mean particle size falling within the range of 0.1 &mgr;m to 4 &mgr;m are utilized as the fine polishing particles contained in the polishing layer, and a thickness of the substrate falls within the range of 25 &mgr;m to 150 &mgr;m. The polishing with the polishing member is performed while a polishing liquid, which is constituted of water or a silica slurry, is being supplied onto a surface of the polishing layer. The polishing liquid is free from a base or an acid. The polishing layer has a dry thickness falling within the range of 5 &mgr;m to 15 &mgr;m.

Abstract: A cleaning medium for a magnetic recording apparatus is disclosed, comprising a nonmagnetic support having provided thereon a lower coating layer mainly containing a nonmagnetic inorganic powder and a binder, and a cleaning layer containing at least a ferromagnetic inorganic powder and a binder provided on the lower coating layer, wherein the thickness of the cleaning layer is from 0.05 to 1.0 &mgr;m, the thickness of the lower coating layer is from 0.2 to 5.0 &mgr;m, the thickness of the support is from 2.0 to 10 &mgr;m, and the thickness in total of the cleaning medium (cleaning tape) is from 4.0 to 15 &mgr;m.

Abstract: An abrasive member for a very high return loss optical connector ferrule is used in abrading an end of an optical connector ferrule having a ferrule hole, in which an optical fiber has been inserted and secured, into a convex spherical surface. The abrasive member comprises a flexible substrate and an abrasive layer, which is formed on the surface of the flexible substrate and comprises a binder and abrasive grains. The surface roughness Ra, expressed in terms of arithmetic mean deviation, of the abrasive layer falls within the range of 0.01 .mu.m to 0.05 .mu.m. The abrasive member carries out polishing such that the surface smoothness of the ferrule surface and the optical fiber surface may be kept high, such that a difference in level between the ferrule surface and the optical fiber surface may not occur, and such that the very high return loss characteristics may thereby be obtained.

Abstract: An abrasive member comprises a non-magnetic substrate and a plurality of abrasive layers, which are overlaid upon the non-magnetic substrate, each of the abrasive layers mainly containing a binder and hard abrasive grains, which have a Mohs hardness of at least 6 and are dispersed in the binder. The plurality of the abrasive layers include a top abrasive layer and a lower abrasive layer, which is formed between the non-magnetic substrate and the top abrasive layer. The thickness of the top abrasive layer is at most A/2, where A represents the thickness of the lower abrasive layer. The mean grain diameter of the abrasive grains contained in the top abrasive layer is at most B/2, where B represents the mean grain diameter of the abrasive grains contained in the lower abrasive layer.

Abstract: A magnetic tape cassette whose reliability is considerably improved by preventing triboelectrification by tape-and-guide friction. A metal tape guide for guiding the magnetic tape while in contact with the back surface of the tape. The substrate of the magnetic tape is made of polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate, and has a surface specific resistance R.sub.s of 10.sub.8 .OMEGA./cm.sup.2 or more. The tape guide is made of stainless steel or aluminum, and the surface roughness of the tape guide is such that the root mean square roughness value R.sub.rms, as determined by height from a reference surface, is 60 nm or lower. Also, the back surface of the tape may be provided with 30 to 400 protrusions of a height of 300 nm per 0.1 mm.sup.2.