Abstract: A device and method to quantitatively measure concentrations of volatile organic compound vapors below the ground surface using a preferably “fully” passive device that is placed in a drilled or bored hole for a specified period of time, wherein the sampler constrains the uptake rate to match values that minimize or eliminate the starvation effect and provide acceptable sensitivity for most soil types as calculated via mathematical models.

Abstract: Materials obtained by thermal modification of polymeric organosilicons such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or derivatives of PDMS. Methods of preparing said materials and uses of said materials.

Abstract: The invention provides a device and method to quantitatively measure concentrations of volatile organic compound vapors below the ground surface using a preferably “fully” passive device that is placed in a drilled or bored hole for a specified period of time, wherein the sampler constrains the uptake rate to match values that minimize or eliminate the starvation effect and provide acceptable sensitivity for most soil types as calculated via mathematical models.

Abstract: The invention provides a device and method to quantitatively measure concentrations of volatile organic compound vapors below the ground surface using a preferably “fully” passive device that is placed in a drilled or bored hole for a specified period of time, wherein the sampler constrains the uptake rate to match values that minimize or eliminate the starvation effect and provide acceptable sensitivity for most soil types as calculated via mathematical models.

Abstract: The invention provides a device and method to quantitatively measure concentrations of volatile organic compound vapors below the ground surface using a preferably “fully” passive device that is placed in a drilled or bored hole for a specified period of time, wherein the sampler constrains the uptake rate to match values that minimize or eliminate the starvation effect and provide acceptable sensitivity for most soil types as calculated via mathematical models.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for pyrolysis gas chromatography, consisting of a carrier gas supply (1), a commercially available gas chromatography (GC) separating capillary (2) and a detector (3), which device is characterized in that upstream of said GC separating capillary (2), a metal capillary (4) connected to a power supply for direct heating is arranged as pyrolyzator and forms an integral part of the carrier gas train, whereby the metal capillary (4) is connected with the GC separating capillary (2) through an interface (6) and the inner diameter of the metal capillary (4) is from 0,32 to 1 mm.

Abstract: Photographic emulsions comprise silver halide grains which are generally produced by reacting an aqueous silver salt solution, and an aqueous halide solution in an aqueous gelatin solution in a reaction vessel. However, it may often be difficult to control the formation of the grains to produce consistent and reproducible emulsions. Described herein is an improved nucleation device for mixing photographic emulsions. The device has three inlets through which the silver salt solution, the halide solution and the gelatin are introduced into the device. The inlets are respectively connected to tube member and passages, the tube member and passages being concentrically disposed about an axis. Solutions from the tube member and passage impinge on a rotating rotor in a first mixing zone. Solution from passage mixes with the mixture from the first mixing zone at a second mixing zone spaced therefrom.