Abstract: Disclosed are a low-light image improvement apparatus and method. The low-light image improvement apparatus includes: an image component decomposition network module that analyzes a light image, a low-light image, and a mid-light image to decompose reflectance and illumination, respectively, wherein the mid-light image is generated using the light image and the low-light image; and a component improvement network module configured to include a mid-teacher network model that extracts a first feature map with improved reflectance and illumination of the mid-light image using the reflectance and illumination of the light image and a student network module that distills the extracted first feature map and then extracts a second feature map for the reflectance and illumination of the low-light image based on the distilled first feature map and acquires an image with improved light by reflecting a structural component of a multi-band near-infrared image in the second feature map.

Abstract: Disclosed is a user authentication-based packet classification method and apparatus for providing differentiated security services in a ship network. A user authentication-based packet classification method includes receiving an authorization code request message from a user terminal including a client, authenticating and authorizing a user of the client based on the authorization code request message, transmitting an authorization code response message to the user terminal in response to the authorization code request message, receiving an access token request message from the user terminal based on the authorization code response message, and transmitting an access token response message including an access token to the user terminal in response to the access token request message.

Abstract: Variable resistance elements and semiconductor devices including the variable resistance elements are disclosed. In some implementations, a variable resistance element may include a variable resistance element may include a free layer having a variable magnetization direction that switches between different magnetization directions upon application of a magnetic field, a pinned layer having a fixed magnetization direction, and a tunnel barrier layer interposed between the free layer and the pinned layer and including a metal chalcogenide having a cubic crystal structure.

Abstract: Proposed are a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method capable of efficiently preventing contamination of a substrate and a processing space caused by a reverse flow of purge gas.

Abstract: A Merkle tree-based data management method may comprise: aligning data into two-dimensional square matrix; calculating a hash value of each node of the two-dimensional square matrix; calculating hash values of each row of the two-dimensional square matrix; generating an additional column with nodes having the hash values of each row; calculating hash values of each column of the two-dimensional square matrix; generating an additional row with nodes having hash values of each column; and calculating a Merkle root by concatenating the hash values of the additional column and the hash values of the additional row.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a vehicle remote control system that includes a user interface including an input portion receiving an input of vehicle control from a user, a communication portion wirelessly communicating with a vehicle control unit, and an informing portion outputting information, and an information control unit commanding the informing portion of the user interface to output information at start time or end time of drive control or specific event occurrence time during the drive control when the drive control including start control or move control of the vehicle is performed by the vehicle drive control unit being controlled through the user interface.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic body comprising dielectric layers and first and second internal electrodes disposed to face each other with respective dielectric layers interposed therebetween. The first internal electrode comprises a body portion contributing to the capacitance generation and a lead-out portion having a narrower width than the body portion and an end exposed from a surface, and the second internal electrode comprises a body portion contributing to the capacitance generation and a lead-out portion having a narrower width than the body portion and an end exposed from another surface. A ratio (w2/w1) of a width (w2) of the lead-out portion of the first and second internal electrodes to a width (w1) of the body portion satisfies 0.3?w2/w1?0.5.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body including an active layer, in which first and second internal electrodes are disposed with a dielectric layer interposed therebetween, the N number of each of the first and second internal electrodes being stacked to be alternately exposed from first and second external surfaces; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the first and second external surfaces of the ceramic body and connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. The ceramic body further includes a cover layer disposed above or below the active layer. The cover layer includes a plurality of first and second dummy electrodes. A number (A>N) of the first and second dummy electrodes are stacked to be alternately exposed from the first and second external surfaces.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes stacked to be alternately exposed to first and second outer surfaces with the dielectric layer interposed therebetween; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the first and second outer surfaces of the ceramic body to be electrically connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. The ceramic body further includes a protective layer disposed on at least one of upper and lower portions of the first and second internal electrodes, the protective layer includes a plurality of dummy electrode cells each having the plurality of dummy electrodes stacked thereon, and a thickness from the uppermost dummy electrode to the lowermost dummy electrode of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells is greater than a length of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells.

Abstract: A multilayer capacitor includes a connecting electrode provided on a surface opposite to a surface on which the capacitor body is mounted, and a third external electrode and a fourth external electrode extend to cover opposing ends of the connecting electrode across a width of the capacitor body. The third and fourth external electrodes are disposed on respective side surfaces of the capacitor body opposite each other across the width, and contact respective first and second pluralities of internal electrodes disposed in the capacitor body.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic body comprising dielectric layers and first and second internal electrodes disposed to face each other with respective dielectric layers interposed therebetween. The first internal electrode comprises a body portion contributing to the capacitance generation and a lead-out portion having a narrower width than the body portion and an end exposed from a surface, and the second internal electrode comprises a body portion contributing to the capacitance generation and a lead-out portion having a narrower width than the body portion and an end exposed from another surface. A ratio (w2/w1) of a width (w2) of the lead-out portion of the first and second internal electrodes to a width (w1) of the body portion satisfies 0.3?w2/w1?0.5.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes stacked to be alternately exposed to first and second outer surfaces with the dielectric layer interposed therebetween; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the first and second outer surfaces of the ceramic body to be electrically connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. The ceramic body further includes a protective layer disposed on at least one of upper and lower portions of the first and second internal electrodes, the protective layer includes a plurality of dummy electrode cells each having the plurality of dummy electrodes stacked thereon, and a thickness from the uppermost dummy electrode to the lowermost dummy electrode of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells is greater than a length of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes stacked to be alternately exposed to first and second outer surfaces with the dielectric layer interposed therebetween; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the first and second outer surfaces of the ceramic body to be electrically connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. The ceramic body further includes a protective layer disposed on at least one of upper and lower portions of the first and second internal electrodes, the protective layer includes a plurality of dummy electrode cells each having the plurality of dummy electrodes stacked thereon, and a thickness from the uppermost dummy electrode to the lowermost dummy electrode of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells is greater than a length of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body including an active layer, in which first and second internal electrodes are disposed with a dielectric layer interposed therebetween, the N number of each of the first and second internal electrodes being stacked to be alternately exposed from first and second external surfaces; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the first and second external surfaces of the ceramic body and connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. The ceramic body further includes a cover layer disposed above or below the active layer. The cover layer includes a plurality of first and second dummy electrodes. A number (A>N) of the first and second dummy electrodes are stacked to be alternately exposed from the first and second external surfaces.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a ceramic body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes stacked to be alternately exposed to first and second outer surfaces with the dielectric layer interposed therebetween; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the first and second outer surfaces of the ceramic body to be electrically connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. The ceramic body further includes a protective layer disposed on at least one of upper and lower portions of the first and second internal electrodes, the protective layer includes a plurality of dummy electrode cells each having the plurality of dummy electrodes stacked thereon, and a thickness from the uppermost dummy electrode to the lowermost dummy electrode of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells is greater than a length of each of the plurality of dummy electrode cells.

Abstract: A multilayer capacitor includes a connecting electrode provided on a surface opposite to a surface on which the capacitor body is mounted, and a third external electrode and a fourth external electrode extend to cover opposing ends of the connecting electrode across a width of the capacitor body. The third and fourth external electrodes are disposed on respective side surfaces of the capacitor body opposite each other across the width, and contact respective first and second pluralities of internal electrodes disposed in the capacitor body.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a body having first to sixth surfaces, and including a plurality of dielectric layers and a plurality of first and second internal electrodes alternately disposed and exposed through the third and fourth surfaces, respectively; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the body, respectively, and including first and second connected portions connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively, and first and second band portions extending from the first and second connected portions to portions of at least one of the first and second surfaces of the body, respectively. The external electrodes include conductive layers and plating layers, respectively, and surfaces of end portions of external electrodes are flat.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic electronic component includes: a body having first to sixth surfaces, and including a plurality of dielectric layers and a plurality of first and second internal electrodes alternately disposed and exposed through the third and fourth surfaces, respectively; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the third and fourth surfaces of the body, respectively, and including first and second connected portions connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively, and first and second band portions extending from the first and second connected portions to portions of at least one of the first and second surfaces of the body, respectively. The external electrodes include conductive layers and plating layers, respectively, and surfaces of end portions of external electrodes are flat.

Abstract: An embedded device includes a multilayer body including dielectric layers and internal electrode layers interposed between adjacent dielectric layers; external electrodes disposed on external surfaces of the multilayer body to apply electric charges having different polarities to adjacent internal electrode layers, the external electrodes containing a conductive material; first copper layers disposed on external surfaces of the external electrodes to cover the external electrodes; and second copper layers disposed on the first copper layers to cover the first copper layers. An average particle diameter of powder particles of the first copper layers is greater than an average particle diameter of powder particles of the second copper layers.

Abstract: There is provided a multilayered ceramic capacitor including: a ceramic body in which a plurality of dielectric layers are stacked; an active layer including a plurality of first and second internal electrodes formed to be alternately exposed to both end surfaces of the ceramic body, having the dielectric layer interposed therebetween, to form capacitance; an upper cover layer formed above the active layer, a lower cover layer formed below the active layer and being thicker than the upper cover layer; and first and second external electrodes formed to cover both end surfaces of the ceramic body, wherein a ratio of an area Y of a region overlapped between the first and second internal electrodes to a total area X of the active layer and the upper cover layer on a cross section of the ceramic body in length-thickness (L-T) directions is in a range of 0.5 to 0.9.