Abstract: A DRAM device can include a plurality of capacitors that are arranged in a line in a first direction. Each of the capacitors can include an upper electrode. A contact pattern having a line shape can extend in the first direction and can be electrically connected to each of the upper electrodes. A conductor can be on the contact pattern opposite the upper electrodes and can be electrically connected to the contact pattern.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for expressing a target protein on an exosporium forming the outermost surface of bacterial spores. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for expressing a target protein on the surface of cells and spores using an exosporium as a matrix for surface expression, and methods for the production of a protein array, the production of antibodies, the separation of a certain substance from a mixture, bioconversion, and the improvement of a target protein, which are characterized by using the cells or spores having the target protein that was expressed on the surface by the above expression method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing heavy metal nanoparticles using a heavy metal-binding protein. More specifically, relates to a method for preparing heavy metal structures, comprising the steps of: culturing a microorganism transformed with a gene encoding a heavy metal-binding protein, in a heavy metal ion-containing medium, to produce heavy metal structures in the microorganism; and collecting the produced heavy metal structures, as well as nanoparticles of heavy metal structures prepared according to said method. Unlike prior methods of preparing quantum dots by physically binding metal materials, en the quantum dots disclosed herein can be efficiently produced by expressing the heavy metal-binding protein in cells. In addition, the quantum dots are useful because they can solve an optical stability problem that is the shortcoming of organic fluorophores.

Abstract: Provided are a flexible biosensor using a gold binding substance and a method for manufacturing the same. The flexible biosensor includes: a flexible substrate; a silicon substrate which is formed on the flexible substrate and on which source and drain regions doped with a first type impurity are formed with a predetermined gap; and source, drain and gate electrodes which are formed on the silicon substrate and comprise gold, wherein, on the gate electrode, a fused protein which is formed by fusion with a gold binding substance specifically binding to gold is immobilized. Since the biosensor is embodied on a flexible substrate, it may effectively overcome the limitation of the existing biosensor embodied on a silicon substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are a graphene composite nanofiber and a preparation method thereof. The graphene composite nanofiber is produced by dispersing graphenes to at least one of a surface and inside of a polymer nanofiber or a carbon nanofiber having a diameter of 1˜1000 nm, and the graphenes include at least one type of monolayer graphenes, and multilayer graphenes having a thickness of 10 nm or less. The graphene composite nanofiber can be applied to various industrial fields, e.g., a light emitting display, a micro resonator, a transistor, a sensor, a transparent electrode, a fuel cell, a solar cell, a secondary cell, and a composite material, owing to a unique structure and property of graphene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bio-silica chip comprising a silica-binding protein and a fabrication method thereof, and more particularly to a bio-silica chip in which a fusion protein of a silica-binding protein and a probe protein is immobilized on a chip comprising a silica layer, a fabrication method thereof and a method of using the bio-silica chip to detect interactions with biomaterials. The bio-silica chip will be very useful in biosensors, etc., because the bio-silica chip is advantageous in that it does not cause non-specific protein binding in the detection of protein-DNA, protein-ligand, protein-antibody, protein-peptide, protein-carbohydrate, protein-protein and cell-biomaterial interactions. Also, in the method for fabricating the bio-silica chip, a probe chip can be selectively immobilized on a silica device chip, which is widely used in biosensors, without a chemical surface treatment process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for expressing a target protein on the surface of a microorganism using Bacillus anthracis exosporium protein. More particularly, to an expression vector constructed such that it comprises bclA gene encoding Bacillus anthracis exosporium protein BclA or fragments thereof as a cell surface anchoring motif and the target protein can be expressed on the surface of a cell in a form fused with BclA or a fragment thereof when the gene encoding the target protein is expressed in a host cell, as well as, a method for expressing a target protein on the surface of a microorganism using the vector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biocatalyst displayed on spore or virus surface and a method of bioconversion using the same, in particular to a method of bioconversion using a biocatalyst, which comprises the steps of: (a) preparing a vector for spore surface display comprising a gene construct containing a gene encoding a display motif and a gene encoding the biocatalyst, wherein, when expressed, the gene construct expresses the display motif and the biocatalyst in a fusion form and the biocatalyst is displayed on a spore surface; (b) transforming a host cell with the vector for spore surface display; (c) displaying the biocatalyst on the spore surface of the host cell; (d) recovering the spore displaying on its surface the biocatalyst; and (e) performing the bioconversion reaction using the spore displaying on its surface the biocatalyst, and a biocatalyst.

Abstract: A magnetism-erasing circuit for use in cathode ray tubes of portable televisions or the like for erasing the magnetism from the cathode ray tubes is disclosed. The magnetism-erasing circuit includes: a) automatic trigger for an automatically generating trigger signals when a D-C supply is initially applied to the magnetism-erasing circuit, b) trigger detecting means, c) delay and second trigger means for generating second trigger pulses which are delayed by a specified time interval by the detected trigger signals from the trigger detecting means, and d) means for controlling the driving of the magnetism-coil by applying currents to a magnetism-erasing coil. The magnetism-erasing circuit of the present invention further includes manual trigger means for manually generating trigger signals under the condition where a D-C supply has already been applied to the circuit.