Abstract: An electronic device structure having a shielding structure includes a substrate with an electronic component electrically connected to the substrate. The shielding structure includes conductive spaced-apart pillar structures that have proximate ends connected to the substrate and distal ends spaced apart from the substrate, and that are laterally spaced apart from the first electronic component. In one embodiment, the conductive pillar structures are conductive wires attached at one end to the substrate with an opposing end extending away from the substrate so that the conductive wires are provided generally perpendicular to the substrate. A package body encapsulates the electronic component and the conductive spaced-apart pillar structures. In one embodiment, the shielding structure further includes a shielding layer disposed adjacent to the package body, which is electrically connected to the conductive spaced-apart pillar structures.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for carrying out dose delivery quality assurance for high-precision radiation treatment, in which parameters affecting a pass rate of dose delivery quality assurance can be derived through regression analysis, which is a known statistical analysis method, and a pass rate prediction model capable of predicting each parameter and the pass rate of dose delivery quality assurance can be derived, and accordingly, it can be predicted in advance whether dose delivery quality assurance will be passed according to the parameters through the above prediction model, without repeatedly carrying out dose delivery quality assurance according to a patient's treatment plan, and as a result, the efficiency of dose delivery quality assurance can be enhanced, and the time or capacity required for such quality assurance is reduced, such that radiation treatment for an actual patient can be quickly and precisely carried out.

Abstract: An infusion flow regulator includes: a main body having an inlet through which fluid is introduced and an outlet through which the fluid is discharged; and a rotary dial rotatably coupled to the main body, with a sealing member interposed therebetween, so as to regulate a flow rate of the fluid, in which the rotary dial includes a regulating flow path having a shape of a recessed groove in cross section with a first width and a first height, and the regulating flow path includes a first region in which the first width is constant and the first height is decreased, and a second region in which both the first width and the first height are decreased. By the aforementioned configuration, the infusion flow regulator for the fluid can accurately regulate the flow rate even in a region where the flow rate of the fluid is very small.

Abstract: A system and method for laser assisted bonding of semiconductor die. As non-limiting examples, various aspects of this disclosure provide systems and methods that enhance or control laser irradiation of a semiconductor die, for example spatially and/or temporally, to improve bonding of the semiconductor die to a substrate.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes: an insulating layer; a first circuit layer disposed on one surface of the insulating layer, and including a first circuit pattern and a first connection pad; and a surface treatment layer disposed on one surface of the first connection pad. The other surface of the first connection pad is covered by the insulating layer, and at least a portion of a side surface of the first connection pad is spaced apart from the insulating layer.

Abstract: Provided is a communication method and apparatus using a multi-radio. The communication method includes establishing a link via at least one node included in a group that uses a low data-rate radio (LDR); transmitting a data frame to the at least one node included in the group; and receiving, using a multi-radio based on an availability of the LDR, an acknowledgement (ACK) with respect to the transmitted data frame.

Abstract: A method to regulate a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a rate adaptation includes: transmitting a frame; determining a status of the transmitted frame; computing a probability of a channel of the transmitted frame being in an idle mode; computing an SNR offset based on the status of the transmitted frame and the probability; and regulating an SNR for transmission, based on the SNR offset.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting messages between vehicles includes a sensor configured to sense at least one of location information of a vehicle, location information of vehicles neighboring the vehicle, or vehicle information of the neighboring vehicles, an input device configured to receive a first message from a user aboard the vehicle, a processor configured to generate a map based on the at least one of the location information of the vehicle, the location information of the neighboring vehicles, and the vehicle information of the neighboring vehicles, or configured to transform the first message into a transmission message, an output device configured to output the map and the first message, and a communicator configured to transmit the transmission message to a target vehicle, and receive a second message from the neighboring vehicles comprising the target vehicle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to share energy in a wireless device are provided. A power sharing method between a wireless device and at least one neighboring wireless device, includes scanning, by the wireless device, the at least one neighboring wireless device. The power sharing method further includes determining to share power with the at least one neighboring wireless device. The power sharing method further includes sharing power with the at least one neighboring wireless device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to share energy in a wireless device are provided. A power sharing method between a wireless device and at least one neighboring wireless device, includes scanning, by the wireless device, the at least one neighboring wireless device. The power sharing method further includes determining to share power with the at least one neighboring wireless device. The power sharing method further includes sharing power with the at least one neighboring wireless device.

Abstract: Provided is an operation method of a coordinator, the method including receiving a data packet from a node, configuring bitmap information indicating whether the data packet is received, and broadcasting a beacon packet including the bitmap information indicating whether the data packet is received.

Abstract: A method to regulate a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a rate adaptation includes: transmitting a frame; determining a status of the transmitted frame; computing a probability of a channel of the transmitted frame being in an idle mode; computing an SNR offset based on the status of the transmitted frame and the probability; and regulating an SNR for transmission, based on the SNR offset.

Abstract: A method of reconfiguring a protocol used by an application program includes determining an optimal protocol used by the application program and an optimal value of an operating parameter of the optimal protocol based on requirement information of the application program and system information obtained from a protocol layer; and when a current protocol used by the application program is not the optimal protocol, reconfiguring the current protocol used by the application program to the optimal protocol using at least one component module missing from the current protocol used by the application program and at least component module of the current protocol used by the application program, and setting a value of the operating parameter of the optimal protocol to the optimal value of the operating parameter of the optimal protocol.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting messages between vehicles includes a sensor configured to sense at least one of location information of a vehicle, location information of vehicles neighboring the vehicle, or vehicle information of the neighboring vehicles, an input device configured to receive a first message from a user aboard the vehicle, a processor configured to generate a map based on the at least one of the location information of the vehicle, the location information of the neighboring vehicles, and the vehicle information of the neighboring vehicles, or configured to transform the first message into a transmission message, an output device configured to output the map and the first message, and a communicator configured to transmit the transmission message to a target vehicle, and receive a second message from the neighboring vehicles comprising the target vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle message broadcasting method includes determining whether a transmission power set for broadcasting a message by a communication device using a first wireless communication scheme is to be adjusted, the first wireless communication scheme being used to transmit a safety message (SM), broadcasting a safety message (SM) using the first wireless communication scheme with a transmission power based on a result of the determining, broadcasting at least one additional message including information included in the SM and/or information related to the SM using a second wireless communication scheme having a wider coverage than a coverage of the first wireless communication scheme.

Abstract: A packet routing apparatus and method are provided. The packet routing apparatus may participate in a sensor network. In certain aspects the packet routing apparatus may snatch a request to send (RTS) signal that is transmitted from a first node to a second node in the sensor network and may intervene on the relay path of the snatched data packet. In certain aspects, the packet routing apparatus may sniff a data packet that is transmitted from a first node to a second node and may intervene on the relay path of the sniffed data packet.

Abstract: Provided is a communication method and apparatus using a multi-radio. The communication method includes establishing a link via at least one node included in a group that uses a low data-rate radio (LDR); transmitting a data frame to the at least one node included in the group; and receiving, using a multi-radio based on an availability of the LDR, an acknowledgement (ACK) with respect to the transmitted data frame.

Abstract: Provided is a communication method and apparatus using a multi-radio. The communication method includes establishing a link via at least one node included in a group that uses a low data-rate radio (LDR); transmitting a data frame to the at least one node included in the group; and receiving, using a multi-radio based on an availability of the LDR, an acknowledgement (ACK) with respect to the transmitted data frame.

Abstract: Provided is an operation method of a coordinator, the method including receiving a data packet from a node, configuring bitmap information indicating whether the data packet is received, and broadcasting a beacon packet including the bitmap information indicating whether the data packet is received.

Abstract: Provided is a super frame that may be used to reconfigure a dynamic protocol to synchronize a sensor node with different protocols of a hub device. The super frame enables a hub device to provide a real-time quality of service (QoS) with respect to a plurality of sensor application programs.