Abstract: The specification and drawings present a new method, apparatus and software product for a passive estimation of a distance between a camera or an electronic device comprising the camera (e.g., a wireless camera phone) and an identified object or objects (e.g., automatically recognizable by the camera) having one or more known dimensions and located substantially in one object plane using an image (e.g., provided by the camera) for implementing by the camera/electronic device one or more imaging algorithms (e.g., autofocusing, flash adjustment, etc.) using that distance.

Abstract: A GPS device comprising: a first circuit arranged to receive at least one first signal and arranged to output first timing information dependent on the first signal; a second circuit arranged to receive at least one second signal and arranged to output second timing information dependent of the second signal; and a third circuit arranged to determine timing information of the device. The third circuit is arranged to receive at least one of the first and second timing information, and further arranged to produce third timing information dependent on at least one of the first and second signals. The third circuit further is arranged to produce a location estimate dependent on the first and third timing information. The third timing information is initially synchronized to the first timing information and maintained substantially synchronized to the at least one first signal using the second timing information.

Abstract: A GPS device comprising: a first circuit arranged to receive at least one first signal and arranged to output first timing information dependent on the first signal; a second circuit arranged to receive at least one second signal and arranged to output second timing information dependent of the second signal; and a third circuit arranged to determine timing information of the device. The third circuit is arranged to receive at least one of the first and second timing information, and further arranged to produce third timing information dependent on at least one of the first and second signals. The third circuit further is arranged to produce a location estimate dependent on the first and third timing information. The third timing information is initially synchronized to the first timing information and maintained substantially synchronized to the at least one first signal using the second timing information.

Abstract: A method for operation of a receiver of a spread spectrum system. The method includes generating in the receiver an expected signal, the expected signal being a function of time and frequency correlating the received time and frequency of the received signal with time and frequency shifted parameters of the expected signal deriving a computational expression indicative of the value of the correlation at a point displaced in time by the time offset plus the time shift and displaced in frequency by the frequency offset plus the frequency shift, and comparing the correlation measure with the computational expression to determine the time offset and the frequency offset.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for operation of a receiver of a spread spectrum system in which a signal received at the receiver has a received time and frequency and is transmitted from a transmitter in accordance with a predetermined modulation scheme and having a transmitted time and frequency, there being a time offset and a frequency offset between the received signal and the transmitted signal, and in which the receiver includes a predefined correlation surface in accordance with the predetermined modulation scheme, the method comprising: