Abstract: An encoding circuit includes: a polar encoding unit capable of encoding a polar code of N bits; a frozen bit adding unit that generates a first sequence by adding frozen bits to an input signal; and a bit arrangement changing unit that: generates a second sequence of N bits by arranging the first sequence in the second sequence according to an arrangement rule dependent on a ratio of Nt bits, being a code length of a polar code to be encoded and being N bits or less, and N bits, and setting bit values at bit positions other than positions where the first sequence is arranged in the second sequence to zero when Nt bits are less than N bits; and inputs the second sequence to the polar encoding unit. A code word of Nt bits is generated by thinning processing based on a result of encoding the second sequence.

Abstract: A decoding device includes: a hard decision decoder generating a first decoding result by performing hard decision decoding of a polar code using an input signal, and generating a first error detection result by performing first error detection processing on the first decoding result; a soft decision decoder generating a second decoding result by performing successive decoding of a polar code on the input signal, obtained for each decoding step in the successive decoding, and generating a second error detection result by performing second error detection processing on a result obtained by updating the first decoding result using the second decoding result; a data selector selecting and outputting either the first decoding result or the result obtained by updating the first decoding result using the second decoding result; and a controller stopping the soft decision decoder when the data selector outputs the final decoding result.

Abstract: An encoding circuit includes: a polar encoding unit capable of encoding a polar code of N bits; a frozen bit adding unit that generates a first sequence by adding frozen bits to an input signal; and a bit arrangement changing unit that: generates a second sequence of N bits by arranging the first sequence in the second sequence according to an arrangement rule dependent on a ratio of Nt bits, being a code length of a polar code to be encoded and being N bits or less, and N bits, and setting bit values at bit positions other than positions where the first sequence is arranged in the second sequence to zero when Nt bits are less than N bits; and inputs the second sequence to the polar encoding unit. A code word of Nt bits is generated by thinning processing based on a result of encoding the second sequence.

Abstract: A decoding device includes: a hard decision decoder generating a first decoding result by performing hard decision decoding of a polar code using an input signal, and generating a first error detection result by performing first error detection processing on the first decoding result; a soft decision decoder generating a second decoding result by performing successive decoding of a polar code on the input signal, obtained for each decoding step in the successive decoding, and generating a second error detection result by performing second error detection processing on a result obtained by updating the first decoding result using the second decoding result; a data selector selecting and outputting either the first decoding result or the result obtained by updating the first decoding result using the second decoding result; and a controller stopping the soft decision decoder when the data selector outputs the final decoding result.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes: a first apparatus including: a first hardware, a first controller that manages the first hardware, and a first switch that switches connection between the first hardware, the first controller, and a second apparatus; and the second apparatus including: a second hardware, a second controller that manages the second hardware, and a second switch that switches connection between the second hardware, the second controller, and the first apparatus, wherein the first switch performs control to couple the first controller to a first signal line between the first apparatus and the second apparatus, the second switch performs control to couple the second hardware to the first signal line, and the first controller obtains information output from the second hardware through the first signal line coupled to the second hardware.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a processing unit, a control unit, and a monitoring unit. The processing unit executes an OS. The control unit controls an I/O device connected to the processing unit, and obtains, from the processing unit, management information about the I/O device. The monitoring unit monitors a boot-up state of the OS based on the management information obtained by the control unit.

Abstract: A multilevel modulation optical transceiver for distributing an OTN frame defined by ITU-T to a plurality of lanes for transmission, the multilevel modulation optical transceiver including: an MLD transmission unit; and a data replication unit, further including a data rearrangement unit arranged at a preceding stage of the MLD transmission unit, for performing data rearrangement processing of replicating, in advance, a frame synchronization pattern of an overhead of the OTN frame before being subjected to the lane rotation processing from a first lane that has the overhead to another lane that does not have the overhead, and of saving a payload to be overwritten with the frame synchronization pattern to a reserved area of the overhead to enable the payload to be restored on a reception side.

Abstract: A phase of a symbol on an inner or outer circle of a received 8QAM symbol set, which is bitmapped by being assigned one bit depending on whether the symbol is on the inner or outer circle of a constellation mapping diagram and two bits for each of the quadrants, is rotated to generate, by QPSK likelihood generation, along with a likelihood of a received QPSK modulation symbol, a likelihood for the two bits assigned to the quadrant of the 8QAM modulated symbol set whose phase is rotated. Further, the phase-rotated 8QAM modulated symbol set is phase-rotated to the first quadrant of the diagram to move the symbol set to the QPSK symbol mapping positions, thereby generating, by QPSK likelihood generation, the likelihood for the one bit assigned to represent whether the symbol is on the outer circle or the inner circle of the 8QAM modulated symbol set.

Abstract: A transmitter for transmitting a transmission signal subjected to modulation after error correction coding and a receiver including a phase compensation unit for receiving the transmission signal and performing demodulation therefor while maintaining synchronization thereof and an error correction decoding unit for performing decoding processing for received data that has been subjected to the demodulation. The transmitter transmits a signal formed of a plurality of pilot sequences as a part of the transmission signal, and the receiver has a phase slip estimation processing function for estimating the phase slip by the phase compensation unit by using the plurality of pilot sequences, and for estimating a phase difference component by the error correction decoding unit, to thereby correct a phase of the received data.

Abstract: A phase of a symbol on an inner or outer circle of a received 8QAM symbol set, which is bitmapped by being assigned one bit depending on whether the symbol is on the inner or outer circle of a constellation mapping diagram and two bits for each of the quadrants, is rotated to generate, by QPSK likelihood generation, along with a likelihood of a received QPSK modulation symbol, a likelihood for the two bits assigned to the quadrant of the 8QAM modulated symbol set whose phase is rotated. Further, the phase-rotated 8QAM modulated symbol set is phase-rotated to the first quadrant of the diagram to move the symbol set to the QPSK symbol mapping positions, thereby generating, by QPSK likelihood generation, the likelihood for the one bit assigned to represent whether the symbol is on the outer circle or the inner circle of the 8QAM modulated symbol set.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes: an optical transmitter; and an optical receiver. The optical transmitter has a plurality of modulation rules, switches the plurality of modulation rules to generate optical signals, multiplexes the optical signals with orthogonal polarizations, randomizes phases of the optical signals, and transmits the optical signals. The optical receiver includes: a coherent detector for causing interference between received optical signals and local oscillation light to convert the optical signals into electrical signals; a polarization splitter and adaptive equalizer for subjecting the electrical signals to polarization splitting and adaptive equalization; and decoders for performing decoding or differential detection on the electrical signals on which polarization splitting and adaptive equalization have been performed.

Abstract: A pre-equalization optical transmitter includes: a tap coefficient selecting unit for saving, in advance, a tap coefficients for generating an RZ pre-equalization signal and an NRZ pre-equalization signal, and for selecting and outputting one of the tap coefficients according to the value of a parameter that is a factor of transmission power fluctuations; a pre-equalization signal generating unit for generating the RZ pre-equalization signal or the NRZ pre-equalization signal based on the tap coefficient; and a modulating unit for generating a pre-equalization optical transmission signal by modulating an optical signal input from a light source by using a signal obtained through D/A conversion and amplification of the RZ pre-equalization signal or the NRZ pre-equalization signal, wherein a transmission method is switched between an RZ method and NRZ method by switching the tap coefficients by the tap coefficient selecting unit.

Abstract: A transmitter for transmitting a transmission signal subjected to modulation after error correction coding and a receiver including a phase compensation unit for receiving the transmission signal and performing demodulation therefor while maintaining synchronization thereof and an error correction decoding unit for performing decoding processing for received data that has been subjected to the demodulation. The transmitter transmits a signal formed of a plurality of pilot sequences as a part of the transmission signal, and the receiver has a phase slip estimation processing function for estimating the phase slip by the phase compensation unit by using the plurality of pilot sequences, and for estimating a phase difference component by the error correction decoding unit, to thereby correct a phase of the received data.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a processing unit, a control unit, and a monitoring unit. The processing unit executes an OS. The control unit controls an I/O device connected to the processing unit, and obtains, from the processing unit, management information about the I/O device. The monitoring unit monitors a boot-up state of the OS based on the management information obtained by the control unit.

Abstract: A pre-equalization optical transmitter includes: a tap coefficient selecting unit for saving, in advance, a tap coefficients for generating an RZ pre-equalization signal and an NRZ pre-equalization signal, and for selecting and outputting one of the tap coefficients according to the value of a parameter that is a factor of transmission power fluctuations; a pre-equalization signal generating unit for generating the RZ pre-equalization signal or the NRZ pre-equalization signal based on the tap coefficient; and a modulating unit for generating a pre-equalization optical transmission signal by modulating an optical signal input from a light source by using a signal obtained through D/A conversion and amplification of the RZ pre-equalization signal or the NRZ pre-equalization signal, wherein a transmission method is switched between an RZ method and NRZ method by switching the tap coefficients by the tap coefficient selecting unit.

Abstract: A management apparatus connected to a information processing apparatus includes a first processing unit that receives a data request containing the identification information identifying the first information processing apparatus according to a first protocol from a second information processing apparatus connected to the first information processing apparatus through the management apparatus, an information storage unit that stores the address information indicating the address of the first information processing apparatus and a second processing unit that receives the data request from the first processing unit, acquires the address information from the information storage unit based on the identification information and transmits the data request according to a second protocol to the first information processing apparatus corresponding to the acquired address information.

Abstract: In a communication system using UDP, multiple communication lines are provided between a transmitter and a receiver, and the transmitter transmits communication data to the multiple communication lines in parallel, and the receiver is provided with facilities for receiving the transmitted communication data without excess or deficiency to enable communication data to be smoothly received at a low cost without a loss and without an excess load to the process of the receiver.

Abstract: A server system has a function to send management information in response to a management information transmission order from an external manager as well as relates to a server which is a component of the server system. It is capable of acquiring object management information by specifying the same object ID both when a manager acquires server management information via a management section and when the manager instructs a server directly to send management information. Not only the management section, but also the servers use SNMP proxy functions. Also, the same objects as those defined in the MIB tree of the management section are defined in the MIB tree of each server and SNMP proxy settings are made for each server in such a way as to convert the OIDs of the defined objects into desired OIDs in the MIB tree of the server itself.

Abstract: A management apparatus connected to a information processing apparatus includes a first processing unit that receives a data request containing the identification information identifying the first information processing apparatus according to a first protocol from a second information processing apparatus connected to the first information processing apparatus through the management apparatus, an information storage unit that stores the address information indicating the address of the first information processing apparatus and a second processing unit that receives the data request from the first processing unit, acquires the address information from the information storage unit based on the identification information and transmits the data request according to a second protocol to the first information processing apparatus corresponding to the acquired address information.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided a steering damper (10) in which the interior of a cylinder (12) is divided into two oil chambers (A), (B) by a piston (14) which slides in the cylinder (12) as a steering operation takes place, an oil hole (15) is formed in the piston (14) for providing a communication between the two oil chambers (A), (B) and a bypass passageway (16) is provided for allowing oil in one (A or B) of the oil chambers to flow into the other oil chamber (B or A) by bypassing the oil hole (15), the motorcycle steering damper being characterized in that a subsidiary chamber (17) is defined at an intermediate position along the length of the bypass passageway (16), and in that a check ball (18) is provided in the subsidiary chamber (17).