Abstract: The present invention is to provide a separator that is excellent in heat resistance, shutdown function, flame retardancy and handling property. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery of the invention is a separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery that has a polyolefin microporous membrane at least one surface of which is laminated with a heat resistant porous layer containing a heat resistant resin, and is characterized by containing an inorganic filler containing a metallic hydroxide that undergoes dehydration reaction at a temperature of 200 to 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a separator that is excellent in heat resistance, shutdown function, flame retardancy and handling property. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery of the invention is a separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery that has a polyolefin microporous membrane at least one surface of which is laminated with a heat resistant porous layer containing a heat resistant resin, and is characterized by containing an inorganic filler containing a metallic hydroxide that undergoes dehydration reaction at a temperature of 200 to 400° C.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a separator that is excellent in heat resistance, shutdown function, flame retardancy and handling property. The separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery of the invention is a separator for a nonaqueous secondary battery that has a polyolefin microporous membrane at least one surface of which is laminated with a heat resistant porous layer containing a heat resistant resin, and is characterized by containing an inorganic filler containing a metallic hydroxide that undergoes dehydration reaction at a temperature of 200 to 400° C.

Abstract: This invention provides a separator for a nonaqueous rechargeable battery comprising a composite porous membrane that has both a shutdown function and heat resistance good enough to be effective for the suppression of meltdown, desired in a high-performance nonaqueous rechargeable battery having increased energy density, increased output, and increased size, and can realize a separator for a nonaqueous rechargeable battery having excellent handling properties and ion permeability. The composite porous membrane comprises a polyolefin microporous membrane having an air permeability per thickness of not less than 15 sec/100 cc·?m and not more than 50 sec/100 cc·?m (JIS P 8117) and a membrane thickness of not less than 5 ?m and not more than 25 ?m and a porous layer formed of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide covering and integrated with both sides of the polyolefin microporous membrane.

Abstract: The present printing system comprises a host computer (1)that orders scanners (2), digital cameras (3) and printers (4) to execute image processing, the host computer (1) setting up items of image processing to be performed by the printer (4) depending on the model of scanner (2) or digital camera (3) being used. The host computer (1) can set up the most suitable image processing items according to what kind of scanner (2) or digital camera (3) is used. Of the scanner (2), digital camera (3) and printer (4), the device having better processing ability can be assigned to more processes so that the time required for printing is shortened efficiently.

Abstract: A separator, used for a lithium ion secondary battery that produces electromotive force by lithium doping/dedoping, which is composed of a porous film comprising an organic polymer (component A) which can swell in an electrolyte solution to retain it, surrounding a nonwoven fabric which cannot swell in the electrolyte solution, the porous film including an electrolyte solution non-swelling organic polymer with a melting point of 210° C. or above (component B) and an electrolyte solution non-swelling organic polymer with a melting point of 180° C. or below (component C), wherein component B is incorporated in the fiber composing the nonwoven fabric. The separator is highly safe and exhibits low reduction mechanical properties with respect to organic solvents.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary battery separator composed of a porous film made of an organic polymer, which includes a network-like support, swells in the electrolyte solution and retains the electrolyte solution, wherein the network-like support has a mean film thickness of 10-30 ?m, a basis weight of 6-20 g/m2, a Gurley value of no greater than 10 sec/100 cc, a McMullin number (25° C.) of no greater than 10 and a (McMullin number×mean film thickness (?m)) product of no greater than 200 ?m, and the separator has a mean film thickness of 10-35 ?m, a basis weight of 10-25 g/m2 and a Gurley value of no greater than 60 sec/100 cc, or exceeding 60 sec/100 cc and no greater than 500 sec/100 cc. Both battery characteristics and safety are achieved by establishing a specific electrochemical relationship between the effective active substance content of the battery system and the overcharge-preventing function characteristic values.

Abstract: A process for production of a composite porous film wherein a porous support, of which both sides have been coated with a solution (dope) of an organic polymer compound in a water-soluble organic solvent to form a coated film, is passed through an air gap step and conveyed into a coagulating bath comprising water or a mixture of water with the same solvent as the organic solvent, and is then immersed in the coagulating bath so that the coated film on both surfaces of the porous support directly contact the coagulating bath for coagulation, and is then washed and dried. This production process is suitable for production of non-aqueous secondary battery separators, and yields non-aqueous secondary battery separators with good handling properties and at low cost, whereby the ion permeability, adhesion with electrodes and electrolyte solution retention can be strictly controlled.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a nonaqueous electrolyte, where the separator essentially includes a porous sheet. The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material can be reversibly doped and dedoped such that, where Qp (mAh) is an electric charge necessary for causing total lithium contained in the positive electrode to be dedoped and Qn (mAh) is an electric charge necessary for causing lithium to fully dope the negative electrode, Qp>Qn. Further, when the battery is charged at a charging current Ic (mA) in a range of 0.2 Qn/h<Ic<2 Qn/h, in a range of an electric charge for charging Qc (mAh) of 1<Qc/Qn<Qp/Qn, doping of the positive electrode by lithium is initiated by producing lithium particles on the negative electrode by charging of the battery until Qc>Qp.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a nonaqueous electrolyte, where the separator essentially includes a porous sheet. The positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material can be reversibly doped and dedoped such that, where Qp (mAh) is an electric charge necessary for causing total lithium contained in the positive electrode to be dedoped and Qn (mAh) is an electric charge necessary for causing lithium to fully dope the negative electrode, Qp>Qn. Further, when the battery is charged at a charging current Ic (mA) in a range of 0.2 Qn/h<Ic<2 Qn/h, in a range of an electric charge for charging Qc (mAh) of 1<Qc/Qn<Qp/Qn, doping of the positive electrode by lithium is initiated by producing lithium particles on the negative electrode by charging of the battery until Qc<Qp.

Abstract: An image-processing apparatus, as well as an image-processing method, is provided with a first inspection circuit which, with respect to density values of pixels within a specific area consisting of a target pixel and pixels in a vicinity thereof in image data for each color component, calculates an average density value, the sum of density differences, that is, the sum of absolute values of differences between the target pixel and the peripheral pixels, and the number the peripheral pixels having the same density value as the target pixel, so that a judgement is made as to whether the target pixel is a maximum value or a minimum value, and also calculates a run-length and the degree of busy from the pixel forming the maximum value or the minimum value.

Abstract: The present printing system comprises a host computer 1 that orders scanners 2, digital cameras 3 and printers 4 to execute image processing, the host computer 1 setting up items of image processing to be performed by the printer 4 depending on the model of scanner 2 or digital camera 3 being used. The host computer 1 can set up the most suitable image processing items according to what kind of scanner 2 or digital camera 3 is used. Of the scanner 2, digital camera 3 and printer 4, the device having better processing ability can be assigned to more processes so that the time required for printing is shortened efficiently.

Abstract: A separator, used for a lithium ion secondary battery that produces electromotive force by lithium doping/dedoping, which is composed of a porous film comprising an organic polymer (component A) which can swell in an electrolyte solution to retain it, surrounding a nonwoven fabric which cannot swell in the electrolyte solution, the porous film including an electrolyte solution non-swelling organic polymer with a melting point of 210° C. or above (component B) and an electrolyte solution non-swelling organic polymer with a melting point of 180° C. or below (component C), wherein component B is incorporated in the fiber composing the nonwoven fabric. The separator is highly safe and exhibits low reduction mechanical properties with respect to organic solvents.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein the separator consists essentially of a porous sheet, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material can be reversibly doped and dedoped such that, where Qp (mAh) is an electric charge necessary for causing total lithium contained in the positive electrode to be dedoped and Qn (mAh) is an electric charge necessary for causing lithium to fully dope the negative electrode, Qp>Qn, and when the battery is charged at a charging current Ic (mA) in a range of 0.2Qn/h<Ic<2Qn/h, in a range of an electric charge for charging Qc (mAh) of 1<Qc/Qn<Qp/Qn, doping of the positive electrode by lithium is started through lithium particles produced on the negative electrode by charging of the battery and is continued up to Qc>Qp.

Abstract: A process for production of a composite porous film wherein a porous support, of which both sides have been coated with a solution (dope) of an organic polymer compound in a water-soluble organic solvent to form a coated film, is passed through an air gap step and conveyed into a coagulating bath comprising water or a mixture of water with the same solvent as the organic solvent, and is then immersed in the coagulating bath so that the coated film on both surfaces of the porous support directly contact the coagulating bath for coagulation, and is then washed and dried. This production process is suitable for production of non-aqueous secondary battery separators, and yields non-aqueous secondary battery separators with good handling properties and at low cost, whereby the ion permeability, adhesion with electrodes and electrolyte solution retention can be strictly controlled.

Abstract: A high-strength, heat-resistant and high-safety electrolytic-solution-supporting polymer film which can be applied to secondary batteries typified by lithium and lithium ion secondary batteries and which has an ionic conductivity of at least 5×10−4 S/cm at 25° C., a puncture strength of at least 300 g and a mechanical heat resistance of at least 300° C.

Abstract: A blood dialyzer is produced by a process in which a plurality of artificial composite fibers having core portions consisting of a water-insoluble core liquid and surrounded by sheath portions consisting of a fiber-forming polymer are subjected to a removal of almost all of the core liquid; the resultant hollow fibers are bundled; the hollow fiber bundle is packed in a cylindrical case having open end; end portions of spaces left between the hollow fibers peripheries and between the hollow fibers and the inside surface of the cylindrical case are sealed with a bonding material, to fix the hollow fiber bundle to the cylindrical case at the end portions thereof; and the hollow fibers in the cylindrical case are cleaned with a cleaning liquid comprising at least one aliphatic monohydric alcohol having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A blood dialyzer having semipermeable polymeric dialyzing membranes is sterilized by impregnating the dialyzing membranes, for example, dialyzing hollow fibers, with an aqueous solution of a .gamma.-ray-absorbent and water-soluble dihydric aliphatic alcohol and irradiating .gamma.-rays to the dialyzing membranes, to prevent the deterioration of the dialyzing membranes and the generation of ultraviolet-ray-absorbent substance in the dialyzing membrane.

Abstract: An erasable optical recording medium having a recording layer formed by a transparent and crosslinked polymer having Tg within a range of 50.degree. C.-300.degree. C. and exhibiting a rubbery state at a temperature higher than the Tg, in which is incorporated a dye which absorbs a light and converts it to heat; and a method for recording, reading and/or erasing by using said medium.

Abstract: A novel naphthalocyanine based compound having Si atom as a central metal and groups selected from ##STR1## CN, and --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 which is bonded to said Si atom via a specific hydrocarbon group, by which solubility in an organic solvent, compatibility with a polymeric substance and durability against an infrared ray are improved. The compound may be incorporated into a polymeric substance layer to form a recording layer of an optical recording medium.