Abstract: An optical scanning system includes a deflecting device to scanningly deflect a light beam from a light source in a main scan direction, and an imaging optical system for imaging, upon a surface to be scanned, the light beam deflected by a deflecting surface of the deflecting device. First and second differences in wavefront aberration are respectively produced as a result of reflection by the deflecting surface and as a result of transmission through the imaging optical system. At least one optical surface inside the imaging optical system is non-arcuate in a main scan section, so as to assure that the first and second phase differences are made opposite to each other.

Abstract: The tiltable-body apparatus including a frame member, a tiltable body, and a pair of torsion springs having a twisting longitudinal axis. The torsion springs are disposed along the twisting longitudinal axis opposingly with the tiltable body being interposed, support the tiltable body flexibly and rotatably about the twisting longitudinal axis relative to the frame member, and include a plurality of planar portions, compliant directions of which intersect each other when viewed along a direction of the twisting longitudinal axis. A center of gravity of the tiltable body is positioned on the twisting longitudinal axis of the torsion springs.

Abstract: An optical deflector comprises a vibration system and a driver. The vibration system includes a first oscillatory moving element having a reflecting surface, a second oscillatory moving element, and a support. The first and second oscillatory moving elements are resiliently supported respectively by first and second torsion springs to be able to torsionally vibrate about an oscillation axis with respect to the second oscillatory moving element and to the support. The vibration system has natural oscillation modes with different frequencies about the oscillation axis. The first and/or second torsion spring has torsion leaf portions torsionally deformed about torsion axes parallel to the oscillation axis. One end of each torsion leaf portion is coupled to an end of another through a connecting portion, and the other end is coupled to one of the first and the second oscillatory moving elements and the support directly or through a connecting portion.

Abstract: An oscillator device and a method of producing the same, that enables adjustment of an inertia moment or a gravity center position of an oscillating member through wide range and at high speed, wherein the oscillating member oscillates about an oscillation axis 17 and it includes a movable element 11 and a mass adjusting member 19, a cavity 30 being defined between the movable member 11 and a portion of the mass adjusting member 19, such that, in response to irradiation of the mass adjusting member 19 with a laser beam, a material of the mass adjusting member contiguous to the cavity 30 is partly removed, the material being removed thereby including a portion of the mass adjusting member not irradiated with the laser beam.

Abstract: A light deflector for scanning with light from a light source comprises a support body, an oscillation system and a drive means for driving the oscillation system. The oscillation system includes a first movable element and a second movable element having a light deflecting body. The first movable element is resiliently supported by the support body by means of a single first torsion spring. The second movable element is resiliently supported by the first movable element by means of a plurality of second torsion springs located vis-à-vis with the second movable element interposed between them.

Abstract: An optical deflector includes a supporting member, a first movable element having a light deflecting element, at least one second movable element, at least one first torsion spring configured to support the first and second movable elements, for torsional oscillation about an oscillation axis, at least one second torsion spring configured to support the second movable element and the supporting member, for torsional oscillation about the oscillation axis, and a driving system configured to apply a driving force to at least one of the first and second movable elements, wherein a moment of inertia of the second movable element with respect to the oscillation axis is larger than a moment of inertia of the first movable element with respect to the oscillation axis, and wherein a length of the second movable element in a direction perpendicular to the oscillation axis is equal to or less than a length of the first movable element in a direction perpendicular to the oscillation axis.

Abstract: An optical deflector includes an oscillating system and a driving system for driving the oscillating system, the oscillating system including a first oscillator, a first torsion spring, a second oscillator, a second torsion spring and a supporting member, the first oscillator including a first movable element having a light deflecting element configured to deflect light, the second oscillator including a second movable element having a mass adjusting member configured to adjust a mass, wherein the first movable element is resiliently supported by the second movable element through the first torsion spring, for torsional oscillation about an oscillation axis, wherein the second movable element is resiliently supported by the supporting member through the second torsional spring, for torsional oscillation about the oscillation axis, and wherein the oscillating system has at least two natural oscillation modes having different frequencies, about the oscillation axis.

Abstract: An optical deflector arranged to be relatively stably driven regardless of any environmental disturbance such as temperature, includes an oscillating system 160 having plural natural oscillation modes of different frequencies, a driving unit for driving the oscillating unit, and a drive control unit for supplying a driving signal to the driving unit, the oscillating system 160 including a first oscillator movable element 11 with a light deflecting element 22, a first torsion spring 12, a second oscillator movable element 13, a second torsion spring 12 and a supporting member 15, the optical deflector further including a distortion detecting element 25a and 25b for detecting mechanical deformation of the first and/or second torsion spring and a heat generating element 19, for stabilizing the frequencies of the natural oscillation modes and the state of scan to ensure stable sinusoidal-wave combined drive.

Abstract: An optical deflector comprises a vibration system and a driver. The vibration system includes a first oscillatory moving element having a reflecting surface, a second oscillatory moving element, and a support. The first and second oscillatory moving elements are resiliently supported respectively by first and second torsion springs to be able to torsionally vibrate about an oscillation axis with respect to the second oscillatory moving element and to the support. The vibration system has natural oscillation modes with different frequencies about the oscillation axis. The first and/or second torsion spring has torsion leaf portions torsionally deformed about torsion axes parallel to the oscillation axis. One end of each torsion leaf portion is coupled to an end of another through a connecting portion, and the other end is coupled to one of the first and the second oscillatory moving elements and the support directly or through a connecting portion.

Abstract: The tiltable-body apparatus including a frame member, a tiltable body, and a pair of torsion springs having a twisting longitudinal axis. The torsion springs are disposed along the twisting longitudinal axis opposingly with the tiltable body being interposed, support the tiltable body flexibly and rotatably about the twisting longitudinal axis relative to the frame member, and include a plurality of planar portions, compliant directions of which intersect each other when viewed along a direction of the twisting longitudinal axis. A center of gravity of the tiltable body is positioned on the twisting longitudinal axis of the torsion springs.

Abstract: The tiltable-body apparatus including a frame member, a tiltable body, and a pair of torsion springs having a twisting longitudinal axis. The torsion springs are disposed along the twisting longitudinal axis opposingly with the tiltable body being interposed, support the tiltable body flexibly and rotatably about the twisting longitudinal axis relative to the frame member, and include a plurality of planar portions, compliant directions of which intersect each other when viewed along a direction of the twisting longitudinal axis. A center of gravity of the tiltable body is positioned on the twisting longitudinal axis of the torsion springs.

Abstract: A plant simulator which makes it possible to set factors which could invite a system accident and to simulate the process of occurrence of a system accident.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for the preparation of diol intermediates having the formula (II) and/or the opposite enantiomer of an acylated diol having the formula (IV) useful for the preparation of escitalopram involving selective enzymatic acylation or deacylation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an oscillating device such as an optical deflector, by which a resonance frequency of an oscillating system can be adjusted and controlled without the provision of any additional heating element, wherein, in one preferred embodiment, the oscillating device includes an oscillating system, a stationary member for holding the oscillating system, and a driving system having a coil, for driving the oscillating system, wherein the oscillating system includes a movable element, a supporting member and a resiliently supporting portion, wherein the movable element is resiliently supported relative to the supporting member by the resiliently supporting portion for oscillating motion about a predetermined oscillation axis, wherein the supporting member is fixed to the stationary member, and wherein the amount of heat generation of the coil can be controlled by applying, to the coil, a heating electric current of a frequency different from the natural oscillation mode frequency of the oscillating system, whe

Abstract: Disclosed is an oscillating device that includes an oscillating system having a plurality of oscillation movable elements, a plurality of elastically supporting portions connected to the oscillation movable elements, and a supporting member for supporting a predetermined portion of the plurality of resiliently supporting portions so that predetermined oscillation movable element or elements are resiliently supported for oscillation about a predetermined oscillation axis,. the device further including a driving circuit for driving the oscillating system and a temperature adjusting element for adjusting temperature of the resiliently supporting portions, wherein the oscillating system has a plurality of natural oscillation modes of different frequencies, and wherein the driving circuit functions to oscillate the predetermined movable element about the predetermined oscillation axis, in different natural oscillation modes simultaneously.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resonance type micro-oscillating member capable of retraining a fluctuation of angular velocity, and specifically provides a micro-oscillating member, which is a nested micro-oscillating member, wherein there exist a reference oscillation mode which is the characteristic oscillation mode of a reference frequency, and an even numbered oscillation mode which is the characteristic oscillation mode of a frequency being approximate even number times the reference frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical scanning system and an image forming apparatus, being small in size but able to produce high-quality image outputs, wherein the optical scanning system includes a deflecting device for scanningly deflect a light beam from a light source in a main scan direction, and an imaging optical system for imaging, upon a surface to be scanned, the light beam deflected by a deflecting surface of the deflecting device, wherein the deflecting surface is reciprocatingly moved to reciprocatingly scan the surface in the main scan direction with the light beam deflected by the deflecting surface, wherein a first direction refers to a direction of a phase difference of wavefront aberration in the main scan direction between a marginal ray and a principal ray of the light beam reflected by the deflecting surface at an effective deflection angle of the same corresponding to a largest scan position in an effective scan region, the phase difference being produced as a result of reflection of the light beam

Abstract: The tiltable-body apparatus including a frame member, a tiltable body, and a pair of torsion springs having a twisting longitudinal axis. The torsion springs are disposed along the twisting longitudinal-axis opposingly with the tiltable body being interposed, support the tiltable body flexibly and rotatably about the twisting longitudinal axis relative to the frame member, and include a plurality of planar portions, compliant directions of which intersect each other when viewed along a direction of the twisting longitudinal axis. A center of gravity of the tiltable body is positioned on the twisting longitudinal axis of the torsion springs.

Abstract: The tiltable-body apparatus including a frame member, a tiltable body, and a pair of torsion springs having a twisting longitudinal axis. The torsion springs are disposed along the twisting longitudinal axis opposingly with the tiltable body being interposed, support the tiltable body flexibly and rotatably about the twisting longitudinal axis relative to the frame member, and include a plurality of planar portions, compliant directions of which intersect each other when viewed along a direction of the twisting longitudinal axis. A center of gravity of the tiltable body is positioned on the twisting longitudinal axis of the torsion springs.

Abstract: A light deflector for scanning with light from a light source comprises a support body, an oscillation system and a drive means for driving the oscillation system. The oscillation system includes a first movable element and a second movable element having a light deflecting body. The first movable element is resiliently supported by the support body by means of a single first torsion spring. The second movable element is resiliently supported by the first movable element by means of a plurality of second torsion springs located vis-à-vis with the second movable element interposed between them.