Abstract: The present invention provides a metal-clad white laminate including: a white resin layer which is composed of a resin composition obtained by mixing a polyimide having a repeating unit as represented by a particular chemical structural formula with a white pigment; and at least one metal layer, the white resin layer being an adhesive layer for the metal layer. The metal-clad white laminate of the present invention uses a white resin composition which has high reflectance and whiteness and excellent light resistance, and is easy to be reduced in thickness and weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a metal-clad white laminate including: a white resin layer which is composed of a resin composition obtained by mixing a polyimide having a repeating unit as represented by a particular chemical structural formula with a white pigment; and at least one metal layer, the white resin layer being an adhesive layer for the metal layer. The metal-clad white laminate of the present invention uses a white resin composition which has high reflectance and whiteness and excellent light resistance, and is easy to be reduced in thickness and weight.

Abstract: An optically active compound containing 5,5′,6,6′,7,7′,8,8′-octahydro-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol of the general formula (1) as an asymmetric source, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 10, Y is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a phenyl group substituted with an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, X is a single bond (—), —OOC— or —OCH2—, and each of A and B is a substituent formed by specifically combining rings selected from cyclohexane, benzene, pyrimidine, naphthalene, dioxane, etc.

Abstract: An optically active compound containing 5,5′,6,6′,7,7′,8,8′-octahydro-1,1′-bi-2-naphthol of the general formula (1) as an asymmetric source, 1

Abstract: An optically active compound of the following general formula (1) useful as a chiral dopant, and use thereof, wherein each of X and Y is independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, R is (C2H5)2CHCH2C*H(CH3)— or Ph—C*H(CH3)—, A is —Ph(W)—COO—Ph—, —Ph—Ph—COO—, —Cy—COO—Ph—, —Ph(W)—OOC—Ph—COO—, —Ph(W)—OOC—Cy—COO—, —Ph(W)—OOC—Np—COO— or —Np—OOC—, in which Ph— is a phenyl group, —Ph— is a 1,4-phenylene group, —Ph(W)— is —Ph— or monofluoro substituted —Ph—, Cy— is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group and —Np— is a 2,6-naphthylene group, and C* is an asymmetric carbon.

Abstract: Optically active compounds of the following general formula (1) useful as chiral dopant, wherein n is an integer of 0 to 5, provided that when n is 0, A is a single bond (—) and that when n is 1 to 5, A is a single bond (—), —O—, —COO—, —Cy— or —Cy—COO— in which —Cy— is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, each of X and Y is independently a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, B is a single bond (—), —COO—, —COO—Ph— or —Ph—COO— in which —Ph— is a 1,4-phenylene group, and C* is an asymmetric carbon. The chiral dopant of the present invention have a high helical twisting power of at least 9 and suitably have a feature that the helical pitch induced by them decreases in length with an increase in temperature so that they are advantageous for use in a nematic liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: An optically active compound of the following general formula (1) useful as a chiral dbpant, and use thereof, 1

Abstract: Optically active compounds of the following general formula (1) useful as chiral dopant, 1

Abstract: An R-configuration or S-configuration optically active secondary alcohol of the general formula (1), CH3C*H(OH)(CH2)mOCH(CnH2n+1)2  (1) wherein C* is an asymmetric carbon atom, m is an integer of 1 to 3, and n is an integer of 1 to 3, and a process for the production thereof, comprising optical resolution of a corresponding racemic alcohol by asymmetric trans-esterification, specifically using a lipase derived from Candida antarcia microorganism. The present invention can provide the novel optically active secondary alcohol having a methyl group on an asymmetric carbon and an alkoxy terminal having branched alkyl chains formed of the same numbers of carbon atoms, and an economical and simple process for the production thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ferrielectric liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1), wherein R is a linear alkyl group having of 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, m is an integer of 1 to 3, n is an integer of 1 to 3, and C* is an asymmetric carbon atom. The ferrielectric liquid crystal compound of the present invention has a ferrielectric phase in a broad temperature range and shows a high speed response in spite of a small spontaneous polarization, and accordingly, it is very useful as a practical raw material for liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A novel ferrielectric liquid crystal compound of the formula (1), wherein R is a linear alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, m is an integer of 1 to 3, n is an integer of 1 to 3, and C* is an asymmetric carbon atom. The ferrielectric liquid crystal compound of the invention characteristically has a ferrielectric phase in a broad temperature range and shows a high speed optical response in spite of a small spontaneous polarization.

Abstract: A novel anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal compounds of the formula (1), ##STR1## wherein R is a linear alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, m is an integer of 1 to 3, n is an integer of 1 or 2, and C* is an asymmetric carbon atom.The above anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal compounds have an anti-ferroelectric phase in a broad temperature range, so that they can be advantageously used as a main component for a liquid crystal material for practical use or as a component for a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A ferrielectric liquid crystal compound of the general formula (1), ##STR1## wherein R is a linear alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, either each of X and Y is a hydrogen atom or one of X and Y is a hydrogen atom and the other is a fluorine atom, m is an integer of 1 to 2, n is 1 and C* is an asymmetric carbon. The above liquid crystal compound shows a ferrielectric phase in a wide temperature range and exhibits a fast response in spite of its small spontaneous polarization, and it is therefore remarkably useful for an active-matrix liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A process for the production of R-configuration or S-configuration optically active alcohol having the formula (1),CH.sub.3 C*H(OH)(CH.sub.2).sub.m OC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 (1)wherein m is an integer of 3 to 5, n is an integer of 1 to 3, and C* is an asymmetric carbon,and the formula (2), which comprises carrying out the optical resolution of the racemic alcohol,CH.sub.3 CH(OH)(CH.sub.2).sub.m OC.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 (2)wherein m is an integer of 3 to 5 and n is an integer of 1 to 3,into an R-configuration compound and S-configuration compound by the asymmetric trans-esterification thereof is provided in the presence of vinyl propionate as an esterifying agent and a lipase as a catalyst.

Abstract: A process for purifying an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal or a ferrielectric liquid crystal, which comprises the following steps 1 to 4,step 1: preparing a liquid crystal solution of an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal or a ferrielectric liquid crystal to be purified in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent,step 2; bringing the liquid crystal solution into contact with at least one adsorbent selected from the group consisting of zeolite, alumina and silica gel to separate the liquid crystal solution from the adsorbent,step 3; precision-filtering the resultant liquid crystal solution, andstep 4; removing the solvent from an obtained filtrate and recovering a purified liquid crystal,according to which process, there can be easily obtained a high-purity liquid crystal which shows a specific resistance value of at least 5.times.10.sup.12 .OMEGA..multidot.cm and a small thermal decomposition ratio, and which is therefore suitable as a raw material for a liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R is a linear alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X and Y are both a hydrogen atom, or one of them is a hydrogen atom and the other is a fluorine atom, m is an integer of 0 to 5, n is an integer of 1 to 5, and C* is an asymmetric carbon atom. Since the liquid crystal compounds of the present invention have an anti-ferroelectric phase or a ferrielectric phase and the anti-ferroelectric phase or a ferrielectric phase has a highly practical phase sequence and wide temperature range, they are of great industrial value.

Abstract: A ferrielectric liquid crystal compound of the following general formula (1), ##STR1## wherein R is a linear alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms; X is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; m and n are the same or different from each other, each being an integer of 1 to 3; and C* is an asymmetric carbon atom,the ferrielectric liquid crystal compound being remarkably valuable as a raw material for a liquid crystal display device since it shows a ferrielectric phase in a broad temperature range and shows a high-speed response in spite of its small spontaneous polarization.

Abstract: Novel anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal compounds of the formula (1), ##STR1## wherein R is a linear alkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, X is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, n is an integer of 2 to 7, p is an integer of 0 to 2 and C* is an asymmetric carbon atom. The above anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal compounds have an anti-ferroelectric phase in a broad temperature range and have a low melting point, so that they can be advantageously used as a main component for a practically valuable liquid crystal material or as a component for a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A novel R-configuration or S-configuration optically active alcohol of the formula (1),CF.sub.3 C*H(OH)(CH.sub.2).sub.m OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.n F.sub.3-n(1)wherein C* is an asymmetric carbon atom, m is an integer of 2 to 7, and n is an integer of 0 to 2, and a process for the production of the optically active alcohol from a monohalogenated alkyl having a fluoroalkoxy group at a terminal. The novel optically active alcohol, provided by the present invention, having a trifluoromethyl group on an asymmetric carbon atom and a fluoroalkoxy group at a terminal, is useful as a raw material for the production of a novel liquid crystal compound.