Abstract: A controller (31) determines whether, during previous regeneration processing of a filter (41), the previous regeneration processing was interrupted or the previous regeneration processing was completed without interruption. An amount of DPM trapped in the filter (41) is estimated on the basis of a pressure loss in the filter (41) during running following uninterrupted completion of the previous regeneration processing in the previous regeneration processing of the filter (41), whereas the amount of DPM trapped in the filter (41) is estimated on the basis of an amount of discharged DPM during running following an interruption in the previous regeneration processing in the course of the previous regeneration processing of the filter (41).

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode comprises a positive electrode mixture and a current collector, wherein the positive electrode mixture has a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a conducting agent. A lithium-containing compound having an olivine structure is used as the positive electrode active material. A copolymer of polyvinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, and hexafluoropropylene is used as the binder. Conducting carbon powder may be used as the conducting agent. Lithium metal may be used as the negative electrode. A non-aqueous solvent in which an electrolytic salt is dissolved may be used as the non-aqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: A particulate filter regenerating device is configured to prevent the uneven distribution of particulate matter that results from interruption of the regeneration process and protect the particulate filter. The frequency with which regeneration is executed is increased by determining that it is time to regenerate the particulate filter at a time t1 when the exhaust gas temperature Texhin has reached or exceeded a prescribed temperature Texh1. Additionally, particulate filter regenerating device determines that it is time to regenerate the particulate filter when the quantity of accumulated particulate matter reaches or exceeds a prescribed value PM1. The particulate filter is regenerated by raising the temperature of the exhaust gas and combusting the accumulated particulate matter.

Abstract: An engine exhaust cleaning device is configured to prevent the temperature of a particulate matter filter (DPF) from rising sharply due to a reduction in the exhaust gas flow rate when a vehicle decelerates and shifts into idling operation during regeneration of the particulate matter filter. During regeneration of the particulate matter filter, the fuel cut (F/C) recovery engine speed used during deceleration is increased and the engine idling speed is increased for a prescribed amount of time when the engine idles.

Abstract: To regenerate a diesel particulate filter (10) which traps particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine (20), a controller (16) raises the temperature of the exhaust gas through fuel injection control of a fuel injector (23), and thus burns the particulate matter trapped in the filter (10). The controller (16) controls the fuel injector (23) to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas to a higher temperature as the amount of particulate matter trapped in the filter (10) decreases, thereby-realizing effective regeneration while preventing the temperature of the filter (10) from becoming excessively high.

Abstract: A plurality of upstream main exhaust passages extend from cylinders of an engine. A downstream main exhaust passage is connected to the upstream main exhaust passages. A main catalytic converter is mounted in the downstream main exhaust passage. A plurality of upstream bypass exhaust passages extend from the upstream main exhaust passages. Each upstream bypass exhaust passage has a sectional area smaller than that of the corresponding upstream main exhaust passage. A downstream bypass exhaust passage is connected to the upstream bypass exhaust passages and has a downstream end connected to the downstream main exhaust passage at a position upstream of the main catalytic converter. An auxiliary catalytic converter is mounted in the downstream bypass exhaust passage. A gas flow switching device is provided which is capable of forcing the exhaust gas from the cylinders of the engine to flow toward the upstream bypass exhaust passages when assuming a given operation position.

Abstract: A regeneration device for the diesel particulate filter (11) which traps particulates in exhaust gas discharged from a vehicle diesel engine (20) has a condition detecting sensor (12) which detects a condition of the diesel particulate filter, a vehicle speed sensor (27) which detects a vehicle speed, and a controller (40) which stores a map defining a predetermined running region of a diesel engine (20) in which regeneration of the filter (11) is possible. The controller (40) is programmed to modify the diesel engine running point to a running point which maintains the vehicle speed and lies within the predetermined running region.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system for an automotive internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas purifying system includes a particulate filter disposed in an exhaust gas passageway of the engine to collect particulate in exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas passageway. The collected particulate is burnt off to be removed by raising a temperature of exhaust gas in a condition in connection with the particulate filter. A plurality of devices are provided for raising the temperature of exhaust gas to be introduced into the particulate filter through the exhaust gas passageway when the collected particulate is burned off to be removed. Additionally, a control unit is configured to select at least one of the devices in accordance with an engine operating region and preferentially operate the selected at least one of the devices for raising the exhaust gas temperature.

Abstract: A luminance control circuit has luminance change characteristics similar to those of a conventional lamp when a light emitting diode is used as a light source. The luminance control circuit adjusts the value of a forward current flowing in the light emitting diode in accordance with a control voltage which is obtained by smoothing a light adjustment pulse signal from an illuminance control circuit. The circuit has: a pulse adjustor for adjusting a duty factor of the light adjustment pulse signal according to characteristics of the light emitting diode; holding circuit for holding the control voltage to a predetermined value or more; and a switch for interrupting the forward current flowing in the light emitting diode by using the light adjustment pulse signal or a pulse signal after the adjustment of the duty factor, wherein at least two of these three elements are used in combination.

Abstract: A CRC encoding circuit for generating CRC bits in accordance with initial parallel data having remainder portion data in a last column of the initial parallel data. A first parallel encoding unit is included for generating first CRC bits in accordance with the initial parallel data other than the remainder portion data. A CRC bits selector selects second CRC bits having predetermined number of bytes, from the first CRC bits generated by the first parallel encoding unit. A parallel data selector selects second parallel data having the same number of bytes as the second CRC bits, from the remainder portion data.

Abstract: An incremental current of forward current through LEDs (LED1 and LED2) due to power supply voltage rise is shunted by a PNP transistor (Q1), and the forward current value becomes predetermined current value corresponding to rated voltage. Without necessitating constant-current circuit, the LEDs (LED1 and LED2) emit light in desired luminance without being damaged. In a state of forward current value fluctuating due to dispersion of the rated voltage of the LEDs (LED1 and LED2), the current value shunted by the PNP transistor (Q1) varies corresponding to magnitude of voltage drop at a first resistor (R1), and the voltage drop at a third resistor (R3) varies. Based on variation of the voltage drop, potential difference between an emitter of a PNP transistor (Q2) and a base of the PNP transistor (Q1) varies and potential difference between both ends of the LED (LED1 and LED2) varies. Thereby, fluctuation of the forward current value is restrained. Luminance difference among devices can be restrained.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system includes a particulate filter, a sensor that detects a filter differential pressure and a controller that controls regeneration of the particulate filter. The controller is programmed to execute a control for burning particulate accumulated on the particulate filter, determine whether regeneration of the particulate filter is completed, detect, in cooperation with the sensor, a filter differential pressure immediately after it is determined that regeneration of the particulate filter is completed, and estimate an ash accumulation amount based on the detected filter differential pressure. An exhaust gas purification method is also provided.

Abstract: First resistors (R1, R2) for setting a forward current value are connected in series to light-emitting diodes (LED 1, LED 2) respectively to constitute first serial circuits (112, 113), which are connected to an input terminal (111). Second serial circuits (115, 116) are connected in parallel to the first serial circuits (112, 113) respectively. The second serial circuits (115, 116) are constituted by a combination of a Zener diode (ZD1) and a second resistor (R3), and another combination of a Zener diode (ZD2) and a second resistor (R4). When a higher voltage than rated voltages of the light-emitting diodes (LED 1, LED 2) is applied, the Zener diodes (ZD1, ZD2) shunt current into the second serial circuit (115, 116) to allow the light-emitting diodes (LED 1, LED 2) to light up at desirable luminance levels different from each other.

Abstract: In an interleaver for use in a turbo decoder, a deinterleaver, or an interleaver for use in a turbo encoder, an offset is set based on previously determined thresholds in accordance with symbol numbers generated by a counter. A symbol numbers inputted immediately before generating an address is corrected with the set offset, and the corrected symbol number is converted to generate an interleave read address.

Abstract: A digital signal processor comprises an arithmetic device 12 wherein a reservation processing register 26, to which setting to which from the arithmetic device 11 is possible and which has a construction for storing an address and an execution mode as a task list 18, and a clear circuit 27 for clearing the execution mode when the address in the reservation processing register 26 is copied to a program counter 21, are newly added. Threreby, in the digital signal processor comprising two arithmetic devices, it is possible to remove the processing waiting time as well as to change the processing order at respective arithmetic devices.

Abstract: A CRC encoding circuit for generating a CRC code in accordance with a parallel data having a remainder portion data in a last data set of the parallel data, comprises: a first encoding unit for generating one or more first CRC codes in parallel in accordance with the remainder portion data; a CRC code selecting unit for selecting a second CRC code having predetermined number of bytes, from the first CRC codes generated by the first encoding unit; a converting unit for converting the remainder portion data into a serial data; and a second encoding unit for generating a third CRC code in accordance with the second CRC code selected by the CRC code selecting unit and the serial data converted by the converting unit.

Abstract: This invention relates to regeneration of a filter (41) which traps particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine (1) for a vehicle. A programmable controller (31) performs filter regeneration appropriately in accordance with the running pattern of the vehicle by calculating a first parameter indicating the frequency with which the diesel engine (1) performs an idling operation over a predetermined time period up to the present (S7), calculating a second parameter indicating the temperature environment of the filter (41) over a predetermined time period up to the present (S3), and determining whether or not the filter (41) can be regenerated completely on the basis of the first parameter and second parameter (S13).

Abstract: A diesel particulate filter (41) which traps particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine (1) comprises an oxidation catalyst (41A) which exhibits a temperature-raising effect during regeneration of the filter (41). A controller (31) calculates the amount of particulate matter trapped in the filter (41) at the start of regeneration as a first amount, and calculates the amount of particulate matter burned during regeneration of the filter (41) as a second amount (S3, S10, S18). A deterioration factor d of the oxidation catalyst is calculated from the ratio of the second amount and first amount, and a target temperature for the next regeneration of the filter is determined on the basis of this deterioration factor d. Thus deterioration of the oxidation catalyst (41A) is compensated for, and an optimum temperature environment for regenerating the filter (41) is realized.

Abstract: A diesel particulate filter (41) traps particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine (1) for a vehicle. The filter (41) is regenerated by raising the exhaust gas temperature so that the trapped particulate matter burns. A controller (31) calculates a particulate matter combustion amount PMr during regeneration, and in accordance with increases in the combustion amount PMr, raises the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas by operating an intake throttle (42) and/or a variable nozzle (24) of a turbocharger (21). As a result, the filter (41) is held at an optimum temperature for regeneration regardless of the residual particulate matter amount, and hence the time required for regeneration can be shortened without damaging the heat resistance performance of the filter (41).

Abstract: An exhaust manifold connected to exhaust ports of at least three straightly-arranged cylinders of an internal combustion engine is constructed by a primary exhaust pipe which extends from the foremost cylinder of the cylinders in the rearward direction of the engine along the direction of the straight arrangement of the cylinders and a plurality of secondary exhaust pipes which extend from the other cylinders except for the foremost cylinder to the primary exhaust pipe. The secondary exhaust pipes are collected to the primary exhaust pipe so that downstream end portions of the secondary exhaust pipes are wound into the center axis of the primary exhaust pipe at a plurality of points on the center axis, respectively.