Abstract: A thermal regenerator apparatus is disclosed including a regenerator medium having a plurality of flow passages extending between first and second ports, the flow passages facilitating back and forth fluid flow in a generally transverse direction between the first and second ports while the medium alternatively receives thermal energy from and delivers thermal energy to the fluid. The regenerator medium includes a plurality of overlying foils, each foil having a plurality of channels extending through the foil, the channels having beveled sidewalls. The channels have a width and spacing in the transverse direction and channels in each adjacent overlying foil are transversely offset such that each channel spans between and is in fluid communication with a pair of channels in the adjacent foils and the beveled sidewalls of the channels redirect fluid flow between channels in adjacent foils to form the flow passages.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging heat with a fluid includes a heat exchanger having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of flow passages permitting axial fluid flow between the surfaces. A manifold having an interface surface is in thermal contact with the first surface and includes a thermally conductive body for conducting heat in an axial direction between the interface surface and a heat transmitting surface. A plurality of feed passages extend through the thermally conductive body in a transverse direction, the passages having an inlet for receiving or discharging fluid. A plurality of distribution passages have ends in fluid communication with at least one of the feed passages and openings distributed over the interface surface. The distribution passages are configured to cause a change in fluid flow direction between a transversely directed flow in the feed passages and an axially directed flow at the openings.

Abstract: An apparatus for exchanging heat with a fluid includes a heat exchanger having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of flow passages permitting axial fluid flow between the surfaces. A manifold having an interface surface is in thermal contact with the first surface and includes a thermally conductive body for conducting heat in an axial direction between the interface surface and a heat transmitting surface. A plurality of feed passages extend through the thermally conductive body in a transverse direction, the passages having an inlet for receiving or discharging fluid. A plurality of distribution passages have ends in fluid communication with at least one of the feed passages and openings distributed over the interface surface. The distribution passages are configured to cause a change in fluid flow direction between a transversely directed flow in the feed passages and an axially directed flow at the openings.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer apparatus is disclosed and includes a housing. A static portion is substantially immobilized within the housing and includes a magnetic flux generator for generating magnetic flux, a pair of pole pieces for coupling magnetic flux through at least one of a first magnetic circuit and a second magnetic circuit, and a coil disposed to electromagnetically interact with one of the magnetic circuits. The static portion is thermally coupled to the housing via a low thermal resistance path to permit removal of heat. A movable portion includes first and second closing pieces separated from the pole pieces by first and second gaps. The closing pieces are mechanically coupled and supported for reciprocating motion about an equilibrium position which varies the gaps to cause a variation in magnetic reluctance in each of the first and second magnetic circuits.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer apparatus is disclosed and includes a housing. A static portion is substantially immobilized within the housing and includes a magnetic flux generator for generating magnetic flux, a pair of pole pieces for coupling magnetic flux through at least one of a first magnetic circuit and a second magnetic circuit, and a coil disposed to electromagnetically interact with one of the magnetic circuits. The static portion is thermally coupled to the housing via a low thermal resistance path to permit removal of heat. A movable portion includes first and second closing pieces separated from the pole pieces by first and second gaps. The closing pieces are mechanically coupled and supported for reciprocating motion about an equilibrium position which varies the gaps to cause a variation in magnetic reluctance in each of the first and second magnetic circuits.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a housing, a compression chamber disposed in the housing and having at least a first interface operable to vary a volume of the compression chamber, an expansion chamber disposed in the housing and having a second interface operable to vary a volume of at least the expansion chamber, and a thermal regenerator in fluid communication with each of the compression chamber and the expansion chamber. The thermal regenerator is operable to alternatively receive thermal energy from gas flowing in a first direction through the regenerator and to deliver the thermal energy to gas flowing in a direction opposite to the first direction through the regenerator. The compression chamber, the expansion chamber, and the regenerator together define a working volume for containing a pressurized working gas.

Abstract: A communication passage in a Stirling cycle transducer includes a cylindrical shaped thermal regenerator providing flow paths aligned with a regenerator cylindrical axis for providing periodic gas flow between first and second interfaces of the regenerator. A first heat exchanger conveys gas between a periphery of the heat exchanger and the first interface causing a change of direction of gas flow between radially and axially oriented flow within the regenerator and transfers heat between the gas and an external environment in a direction aligned with the regenerator cylindrical axis. A second heat exchanger conveys gas between a periphery of the heat exchanger and the second interface causing a change of direction of gas flow between radially and axially oriented flow within the regenerator and transfers heat between the external environment and the gas in a direction aligned with the regenerator cylindrical axis.

Abstract: A communication passage in a Stirling cycle transducer includes a cylindrical shaped thermal regenerator providing flow paths aligned with a regenerator cylindrical axis for providing periodic gas flow between first and second interfaces of the regenerator. A first heat exchanger conveys gas between a periphery of the heat exchanger and the first interface causing a change of direction of gas flow between radially and axially oriented flow within the regenerator and transfers heat between the gas and an external environment in a direction aligned with the regenerator cylindrical axis. A second heat exchanger conveys gas between a periphery of the heat exchanger and the second interface causing a change of direction of gas flow between radially and axially oriented flow within the regenerator and transfers heat between the external environment and the gas in a direction aligned with the regenerator cylindrical axis.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a housing, a compression chamber disposed in the housing and having at least a first interface operable to vary a volume of the compression chamber, an expansion chamber disposed in the housing and having a second interface operable to vary a volume of at least the expansion chamber, and a thermal regenerator in fluid communication with each of the compression chamber and the expansion chamber. The thermal regenerator is operable to alternatively receive thermal energy from gas flowing in a first direction through the regenerator and to deliver the thermal energy to gas flowing in a direction opposite to the first direction through the regenerator. The compression chamber, the expansion chamber, and the regenerator together define a working volume for containing a pressurized working gas.