Abstract: The invention presents an external preparation for allergic diseases containing 3?-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxypyrrolido [1,2-f]2?,5?-pipera-zinedione as an active ingredient. This compound has a prophylactic and therapeutic effect of allergic diseases, and the external preparation of the invention can be used in prophylaxis and treatment of various allergic diseases (for example, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, pollinosis, allergic asthma, and others).

Abstract: The invention presents an external preparation for allergic diseases containing 3?-hydroxymethyl-4-hydroxypyrrolido[1,2-f]2?,5?-pipera-zinedione as an active ingredient. This compound has a prophylactic and therapeutic effect of allergic diseases, and the external preparation of the invention can be used in prophylaxis and treatment of various allergic diseases (for example, atopic dermatitis, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, pollinosis, allergic asthma, and others).

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydroxyproline derivatives represented by the following general formulas and the therapeutic agent containing the same for the impaired organs and tissues. (wherein R is hydrogen or optionally substituted alkyl) The hydroxyproline derivatives of the present invention possess cell-proliferative and cell-protective activities, and are effectively applied for the restoration and regeneration of impaired organs and tissues.

Abstract: 5-(3-n-Butyloxalylaminophenyl) tetrazole having an excellent SRS-A release-inhibiting effect is used as an effective component for an anti-asthmatic agent, and a pharmaceutical preparation obtained by mixing the tetrazole with a specific dispersant such as polysorbate-80 in coexistence with a non-aqueous solvent shows high dissolubility and bioavailability.

Abstract: A optical focussing apparatus, preferably used in the manufacture of integrated semiconductor circuits which automatically positions the focal point of a lens on an object to be focussed on. The focussing apparatus is comprised of a plurality of optical sets distributed around the object, each of which sets is comprised of a photo emitter for projecting a light beam onto the object and an oppositely disposed photo detector for receiving the light beam reflected from the object. Means are provided to adjust the relative distance between the object and the focal point of the lens in response to the average intensity level of the reflected light beams.