Abstract: An operation quantity determination device for determining an operation quantity related to a molding machine, includes an observation unit configured to acquire observation data obtained by observing a physical quantity related to molding by the molding machine when the molding is executed, a state expression unit configured to generate a state expression map expressing a state of the molding machine based on the observation data acquired by the observation unit, and an operation quantity output unit configured to output the operation quantity based on the state expression map generated by the state expression unit.

Abstract: A catalytic device connected to an exhaust muffler from the front of the exhaust muffler to form substantially the shape of a T as viewed in plan is provided between an exhaust pipe and the exhaust muffler. One end portion of a reinforcing cover covering the catalytic device is fixed to an upstream end portion of the catalytic device, and another end portion of the reinforcing cover is fixed to the exhaust muffler. An extending portion extending rearwardly upward along the outer periphery of the exhaust muffler is formed integrally with the rear portion of a first heat insulating member covering the reinforcing cover from above. A second heat insulating member integrally having a cover portion covering the extending portion from above and inclined rearwardly upward is disposed so as to cover the exhaust muffler from above.

Abstract: A catalytic device connected to an exhaust muffler from the front of the exhaust muffler to form substantially the shape of a T as viewed in plan is provided between an exhaust pipe and the exhaust muffler. One end portion of a reinforcing cover covering the catalytic device is fixed to an upstream end portion of the catalytic device, and another end portion of the reinforcing cover is fixed to the exhaust muffler. An extending portion extending rearwardly upward along the outer periphery of the exhaust muffler is formed integrally with the rear portion of a first heat insulating member covering the reinforcing cover from above. A second heat insulating member integrally having a cover portion covering the extending portion from above and inclined rearwardly upward is disposed so as to cover the exhaust muffler from above.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a fuel piping for supplying fuel to plural injectors of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, and a connection member for attaching the fuel piping to a vehicle. The fuel piping is divided into plural resin supply pipe members across the longitudinal direction thereof. The fuel piping also includes an introduction pipe member, made of resin, for supplying fuel to the supply pipe members. The connection member includes a plurality of injector engaging portions connected to the injectors, and a plurality clamping parts connected to the fuel piping. The connection member is fixed to a component of the vehicle together with the fuel piping.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a fuel piping for supplying fuel to plural injectors of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, and a connection member for attaching the fuel piping to a vehicle. The fuel piping is divided into plural resin supply pipe members across the longitudinal direction thereof. The fuel piping also includes an introduction pipe member, made of resin, for supplying fuel to the supply pipe members. The connection member includes a plurality of injector engaging portions connected to the injectors, and a plurality clamping parts connected to the fuel piping. The connection member is fixed to a component of the vehicle together with the fuel piping.

Abstract: To improve the maintenance and inspection of a fuel injection valve, as well working of the fuel piping and wiring to the fuel injection valve. An engine fuel injection apparatus includes an air chamber provided on an upstream end of an air intake passage of an engine. A first fuel injection valve for injecting fuel toward the upstream end of the air intake passage is provided on a wall of the air chamber facing a wall connected to the upstream end of the air intake passage. The fuel piping and wiring to the first fuel injection valve is located outside of the air chamber. The air chamber also serves as an air cleaner case provided with a filter element therein.

Abstract: To improve the maintenance and inspection of a fuel injection valve, as well working of the fuel piping and wiring to the fuel injection valve. An engine fuel injection apparatus includes an air chamber provided on an upstream end of an air intake passage of an engine. A first fuel injection valve for injecting fuel toward the upstream end of the air intake passage is provided on a wall of the air chamber facing a wall connected to the upstream end of the air intake passage. The fuel piping and wiring to the first fuel injection valve is located outside of the air chamber. The air chamber also serves as an air cleaner case provided with a filter element therein.

Abstract: To improve the maintenance and inspection of a fuel injection valve, as well working of the fuel piping and wiring to the fuel injection valve. An engine fuel injection apparatus includes an air chamber provided on an upstream end of an air intake passage of an engine. A first fuel injection valve for injecting fuel toward the upstream end of the air intake passage is provided on a wall of the air chamber facing a wall connected to the upstream end of the air intake passage. The fuel piping and wiring to the first fuel injection valve is located outside of the air chamber. The air chamber also serves as an air cleaner case provided with a filter element therein.

Abstract: To enable a reduction of the number of fuel pipes and joint parts to facilitate piping work, maintenance and inspection. An engine fuel injection apparatus includes first fuel injection valves provided on an upstream side of an air intake passage of an engine, second fuel injection valves provided on a downstream side of the air intake passage, and a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the first and the second fuel injection valves. The second fuel injection valves are positioned at a level lower than the first fuel injection valves, and the fuel pump is connected to the second fuel injection valves via the first fuel injection valves by fuel feed pipes, so that fuel does not return to a fuel tank of the engine.

Abstract: To enable a reduction of the number of fuel pipes and joint parts to facilitate piping work, maintenance and inspection. An engine fuel injection apparatus includes first fuel injection valves provided on an upstream side of an air intake passage of an engine, second fuel injection valves provided on a downstream side of the air intake passage, and a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the first and the second fuel injection valves. The second fuel injection valves are positioned at a level lower than the first fuel injection valves, and the fuel pump is connected to the second fuel injection valves via the first fuel injection valves by fuel feed pipes, so that fuel does not return to a fuel tank of the engine.

Abstract: To improve the maintenance and inspection of a fuel injection valve, as well working of the fuel piping and wiring to the fuel injection valve. An engine fuel injection apparatus includes an air chamber provided on an upstream end of an air intake passage of an engine. A first fuel injection valve for injecting fuel toward the upstream end of the air intake passage is provided on a wall of the air chamber facing a wall connected to the upstream end of the air intake passage. The fuel piping and wiring to the first fuel injection valve is located outside of the air chamber. The air chamber also serves as an air cleaner case provided with a filter element therein.

Abstract: Axis lines of first and second fuel injection valves are offset from first and second cylinder center lines of first and second combustion chambers by way of moving the first and second fuel injection valves along cam shafts by constituting limits by bringing fuel injection ranges of the first and second fuel injection valves to inner walls of opening portions. Even when the positions of the intake manifolds are obliged to move along the cam shafts, fuel injected from the fuel injection valves can be made to be difficult to adhere to the inner walls of the opening portions and vaporization of fuel can be expedited. Therefore, a mixture in the combustion chambers can be made uniform and engine performance such as response performance of engine rotation, fuel consumption, exhaust gas properties, occurrence of knocking or the like when the throttle valve is opened, can be improved.

Abstract: A bypass passage includes an inlet in communication with the upstream sides of first and second throttle valves of first and second suction passages. One valve body receiving chamber is coaxial with the inlet. First and second upstream side branch passages extend from the valve body receiving chamber. Downstream side branch passages extend from the end portions of the upstream side branch passages and are in communication with the downstream sides of the first and second throttle valves of the first and second suction passages. One bypass valve is movably received in the valve body receiving chamber and can open the first and second upstream side branch passages to be at the same opening. Reducing the number of bypass valves to one can reduce the manufacturing costs and the number of man hours for assembly of the throttle unit and can equalize the rate of air flowing through the respective bypass passages.

Abstract: Axis lines of first and second fuel injection valves are offset from first and second cylinder center lines of first and second combustion chambers by way of moving the first and second fuel injection valves along cam shafts by constituting limits by bringing fuel injection ranges of the first and second fuel injection valves to inner walls of opening portions. Even when the positions of the intake manifolds are obliged to move along the cam shafts, fuel injected from the fuel injection valves can be made to be difficult to adhere to the inner walls of the opening portions and vaporization of fuel can be expedited. Therefore, a mixture in the combustion chambers can be made uniform and engine performance such as response performance of engine rotation, fuel consumption, exhaust gas properties, occurrence of knocking or the like when the throttle valve is opened, can be improved.

Abstract: A bypass passage includes an inlet in communication with the upstream sides of first and second throttle valves of first and second suction passages. One valve body receiving chamber is coaxial with the inlet. First and second upstream side branch passages extend from the valve body receiving chamber. Downstream side branch passages extend from the end portions of the upstream side branch passages and are in communication with the downstream sides of the first and second throttle valves of the first and second suction passages. One bypass valve is movably received in the valve body receiving chamber and can open the first and second upstream side branch passages to be at the same opening. Reducing the number of bypass valves to one can reduce the manufacturing costs and the number of man hours for assembly of the throttle unit and can equalize the rate of air flowing through the respective bypass passages.

Abstract: To provide a multi-cylinder engine in which a plurality of cylinder bore rows, each including a plurality of cylinder bores disposed in parallel, are disposed in such a manner as to be perpendicular to a crank shaft disposed substantially in the horizontal direction. A plurality of cylinder heads, each forming combustion chambers between pistons slidably fitted in the cylinder bores and the cylinder head, are connected to cylinder blocks corresponding to the cylinder bore rows. Furthermore, a plurality of intake passages and a plurality of exhaust passages respectively in communication with the combustion chambers are provided in the cylinder heads, wherein the structure of an intake system and an exhaust system can be simplified.

Abstract: To simplify the idle opening amount between each cylinder and simplify the structure of a throttle body, starter valves having tuning screws capable of respectively adjusting the flow amount of air supplied to the intake port of each throttle body are arranged in a line in a valve body. Due to the provision of the valve body, a joint pipe for supplying air having a flow amount is adjusted using the starter valves. The throttle bodies are connected through a bypass tube to the valve bodies such that the valve bodies are separated from the throttle bodies.

Abstract: To provide a mechanism for coordinating the operation of throttle valves in a carburetor system in which a plurality of carburetors are connected in series and are then arranged in parallel with one another so as to position shafts thereof in parallel with one another. The throttle valves are rotated on said shafts to open or close passages of the carburetors. In the throttle valve operation coordinating mechanism, each of the carburetors connected in series shares one shaft which is received in bearings positioned at opposite ends thereof. A link extends between the shafts of the carburetors arranged in parallel and coordinates the operation of the shafts.

Abstract: Bypass tubes connected to intake ports of each throttle body are connected to joint pipes of a starting control valve assembly. The starting control valve assembly includes valve bodies having communication paths formed therein. The communication paths communicate with an air cleaner. First and second flow paths connect the communication paths and the joint pipes. Tuning screws are provided for adjusting the opening amount of each of the first flow paths and a shaft valve is rotatably mounted in through holes which are orthogonal to the second flow paths for collectively adjusting the opening amount of the second flow paths. Furthermore, a plurality of idle connection holes are provided in the shaft valve which all face in the same direction.