Abstract: A magnetic stimulator includes a coil which applies magnetic stimulation to a head of a living body, an intensity controller which controls an intensity of the magnetic stimulation applied by the coil, an acquiring section which acquires a biological signal from the living body, a detector which detects an adverse event of the living body from the biological signal acquired by the acquiring section, and an intensity suppressing section which, when an adverse event of the living body is detected by the detector, suppresses the intensity of the magnetic stimulation that is controlled by the intensity controller.

Abstract: A polyisocyanate composition is produced by reaction of bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane with trimethylolpropane, and contains a trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body obtained by reaction of three molecules of bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane with one molecule of trimethylolpropane, and a trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body obtained by reaction of five molecules of bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane with two molecules of trimethylolpropane; and the molar ratio of trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body relative to trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body (trimethylolpropane-monomolecular-body/trimethylolpropane-bimolecular-body) contained in the polyisocyanate composition is 1.5 or more and 4.5 or less.

Abstract: This invention provides a cell stack for a redox flow battery that can provide battery efficiencies with high reliability over a long term, without any adhesive bonding between a bipolar plate and electrodes. In the cell stack 1 for the redox flow battery of a cell frame 2, electrodes 3, 4 and a membrane 5 being stacked in layers, the cell frame 2 comprises a frame 2A and a bipolar plate 9 arranged inside of the frame 2A, and the electrodes 3, 4 are put into close contact with the bipolar plate 9 by a clamping force, without being adhesively bonded to the bipolar plate 9. It is preferable that when the electrodes 3, 4 are compressed to a thickness corresponding to a level difference between the frame 2A and the bipolar plate 9, repulsive force of the electrodes is in the range of more than 15 kPa to less than 150 kPa (more than 0.153 kgf/cm2 to less than 1.53 kgf/cm2).

Abstract: A method for treating an isocyanate residue, which comprises carrying out a thermal decomposition reaction of a carbamate that is produced by the reaction among an amine, urea and/or an N-unsubstituted carbamic acid ester and an alcohol to produce a decomposition solution, separating an isocyanate and the alcohol from the decomposition solution to produce the isocyanate residue, and bringing the isocyanate residue into contact with high-pressure/high-temperature water to decompose the isocyanate residue into an amine; and a method for treating a carbonate, which comprises bringing the carbonate into contact with high-pressure/high-temperature water to decompose the carbonate into an alcohol.

Abstract: A method for producing toluenedicarbamate includes a carbamate production process of producing toluenedicarbamate by reaction between toluenediamine, urea, and/or N-unsubstituted carbamic acid ester, and alcohol; and a benzoyleneurea reduction process of reducing a disubstituted benzoyleneurea and a derivative thereof to 10 mol or less relative to 100 mol of toluenedicarbamate, wherein the disubstituted benzoyleneurea is represented by formula (1) below and has a methyl group and an amino group:

Abstract: A method for producing toluenedicarbamate includes a carbamate production process of producing toluenedicarbamate by reaction between toluenediamine, urea, and/or N-unsubstituted carbamic acid ester, and alcohol; and a benzoyleneurea reduction process of reducing a disubstituted benzoyleneurea and a derivative thereof to 10 mol or less relative to 100 mol of toluenedicarbamate, wherein the disubstituted benzoyleneurea is represented by formula (1) below and has a methyl group and an amino group:

Abstract: A method for treating an isocyanate residue, which comprises carrying out a thermal decomposition reaction of a carbamate that is produced by the reaction among an amine, urea and/or an N-unsubstituted carbamic acid ester and an alcohol to produce a decomposition solution, separating an isocyanate and the alcohol from the decomposition solution to produce the isocyanate residue, and bringing the isocyanate residue into contact with high-pressure/high-temperature water to decompose the isocyanate residue into an amine; and a method for treating a carbonate, which comprises bringing the carbonate into contact with high-pressure/high-temperature water to decompose the carbonate into an alcohol.

Abstract: A scale for a photoelectric encoder effectively protects the base of the scale from corrosion, rust, and flaws. The scale includes a base, a light-absorbing layer including a DLC layer formed on at least one surface of the base, and light-reflecting layers with a higher reflectance than that of the light-absorbing layer with respect to light falling within a wavelength range and formed into a grating on the light-absorbing layer.

Abstract: A laser diode driving device capable of obtaining a stable pulse emission state even when variation in the current-light amount characteristic of a laser diode thereof is caused by environmental changes. A photodiode detects the amount of light emitted from the laser diode. A laser controller determines the amount of light to be emitted from the laser diode. Further, the laser controller controls the laser diode to emit light in the determined light amount. A bias current value-determining section determines a bias current value based on results of light emission performed by the laser diode in three or more kinds of light amounts determined by the laser controller.

Abstract: A technique for reducing downtime that accompanies the execution independently of adjustment processing for maintaining image quality and the execution of finishing processing relating to a printing medium. In order to apply the finishing processing to the printing medium in a finishing processing unit, an image forming apparatus to which this technique is applied sets a time between sheets that extends from end of image formation regarding a first sheet of the printing medium to start of image formation regarding a second sheet of the printing medium transported following the first sheet of the printing medium in the image forming unit, and executes adjustment processing, which is for maintaining image quality in the image forming unit, within the set time between sheets.

Abstract: This invention provides a cell frame for a redox flow battery that prevents leakage of electrolyte out of the cell frame and also provides a good workability in assembling the redox flow battery. Also, this invention provides a redox flow battery using the cell frame. In the cell frame 30 for the redox flow battery 30 comprising a bipolar plate 21 and a frame 31 fitted around a periphery of the bipolar plate 21, the frame 31 has, on each side thereof, an inner seal and an outer seal to press-contact with a membrane and also seal electrolyte. The frame 31 has, on each side thereof, an inner seal groove 34 and an outer seal groove 35 for placing therein the inner seal and the outer seal, respectively, to prevent the electrolyte from leaking out, and O-rings are placed in the respective seal grooves.

Abstract: Provided are a vinyl monomer-grafted alkoxysilane-modified oxyalkylene resin which is useful as a raw material for a modified silicone based elastic adhesive and excellent in storage stability and adhesiveness and furthermore, cures with moisture excellently within a short time period, a production method for the resin, and a curable composition containing the resin. Specifically disclosed is a vinyl monomer-grafted alkoxysilane-modified oxyalkylene resin, which is produced by a method including grafting of a vinyl monomer by using an oxyalkylene based polymer as a raw material, in which the vinyl monomer includes a vinyl monomer containing 50 wt % or more of one or more of kinds of (meth)acrylic monomers, and the vinyl monomer is subjected to a graft reaction by using an alkyl peroxide as a radical reaction initiator.

Abstract: A scale for a photoelectric encoder effectively protects the base of the scale from corrosion, rust, and flaws. The scale includes a base, a light-absorbing layer including a DLC layer formed on at least one surface of the base, and light-reflecting layers with a higher reflectance than that of the light-absorbing layer with respect to light falling within a wavelength range and formed into a grating on the light-absorbing layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus whereby waiting time (downtime), which is required for forming an image by automatic adjustment relating to image formation density or image formation position, is made shorter than in the prior art. When an image having a size equal to or less than a prescribed size is formed is formed in this apparatus, the image to be formed is placed on an image carrier in such a manner that a vacant area for forming an adjustment pattern can be reserved on the image carrier. As a result, automatic adjustment relating to image formation density or image formation position can be executed while an image is formed.

Abstract: A laser diode driving device capable of obtaining a stable pulse emission state even when variation in the current-light amount characteristic of a laser diode thereof is caused by environmental changes. A photodiode detects the amount of light emitted from the laser diode. A laser controller determines the amount of light to be emitted from the laser diode. Further, the laser controller controls the laser diode to emit light in the determined light amount. A bias current value-determining section determines a bias current value based on results of light emission performed by the laser diode in three or more kinds of light amounts determined by the laser controller.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which can improve image formation capability to a satisfactory degree while curbing the rise in running cost. An image forming device forms adjustment images having different densities on an image support member having a higher optical reflectivity than an optical reflectivity of the adjustment images. A reading reads the adjustment images. An output from the reading device is read at a predetermined number of readings or time interval between readings based on the densities of the adjustment images susceptible to the optical reflectivity of the image support member.

Abstract: This invention provides a cell frame for a redox flow battery that prevents leakage of electrolyte out of the cell frame and also provides a good workability in assembling the redox flow battery. Also, this invention provides a redox flow battery using the cell frame. In the cell frame 30 for the redox flow battery 30 comprising a bipolar plate 21 and a frame 31 fitted around a periphery of the bipolar plate 21, the frame 31 has, on each side thereof, an inner seal and an outer seal to press-contact with a membrane and also seal electrolyte. The frame 31 has, on each side thereof, an inner seal groove 34 and an outer seal groove 35 for placing therein the inner seal and the outer seal, respectively, to prevent the electrolyte from leaking out, and O-rings are placed in the respective seal grooves.

Abstract: A wafer rotating device 1 is provided with at least three rollers 2 rotatably provided about axes arranged at parallel intervals and which rotate over the circumferential surface of a disk-shaped wafer 5, a rotation drive mechanism 3 that rotates and drives at least one of the rollers 2, an interval adjustment mechanism 4 capable of adjusting the dimensions of the intervals of the rollers 2, a load control device 6 that controls the load applied from the rollers 2 to the wafer 5 in the radial direction of the wafer 5 when the wafer 5 is clamped between rollers 2. As a result, a silicon wafer can be rotated without contacting the top and bottom surfaces of the silicon wafer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which can improve image formation capability to a satisfactory degree while curbing the rise in running cost. An image forming device forms adjustment images having different densities on an image support member having a higher optical reflectivity than an optical reflectivity of the adjustment images. A reading reads the adjustment images. An output from the reading device is read at a predetermined number of readings or time interval between readings based on the densities of the adjustment images susceptible to the optical reflectivity of the image support member.