Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of an alkenylaromatic compound comprising the step of: contacting a hydrocarbon stream including an alkylaromatic compound with water vapor in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst, suitable for the dehydrogenation of the alkylaromatic compound, in one or more consecutive reactors, wherein the weight ratio between the water vapor and the hydrocarbon (water/hydrocarbon ratio) is from 0.4 to 1.5, wherein the dehydrogenation catalyst comprises three or more of teeth and a body, such that the cross-section of the dehydrogenation catalyst is a toothed-wheel shape, and wherein the dehydrogenation catalyst comprises, based on the total weight of the dehydrogenation catalyst components as oxides, from 30 to 90 weight percent (wt. %) of iron calculated as Fe2O3, from 1 to 50 wt. % of potassium calculated as K2O, from 1 to 50 wt. % of cerium calculated as CeO2, and from 0.01 to 1 wt. % of yttrium calculated as Y2O3.

Abstract: A catalyst which is highly active in dehydrogenation reaction of an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon not only in high-temperature regions (e.g. 600 to 650° C.) as found in the inlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM but also in low-temperature regions (e.g. under 600° C.) as found in the outlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM, where the temperature decreases as a result of endothermic reaction; and a process for producing the catalyst; and a dehydrogenation process using the catalyst. The catalyst contains iron (Fe), potassium (K), and cerium (Ce), and at least one rare earth element other than cerium.

Abstract: A catalyst which is highly active in dehydrogenation reaction of an alkylaromatic hydrocarbon not only in high-temperature regions (e.g. 600 to 650° C.) as found in the inlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM but also in low-temperature regions (e.g. under 600° C.) as found in the outlet of a catalyst bed in an apparatus for the production of SM, where the temperature decreases as a result of endothermic reaction; and a process for producing the catalyst; and a dehydrogenation process using the catalyst. The catalyst contains iron (Fe), potassium (K), and cerium (Ce), and at least one rare earth element other than cerium.

Abstract: A developing roller includes: a mandrel; an elastic layer provided for an outer periphery of the mandrel, the elastic layer including an addition-curing silicone rubber; and a surface layer provided for an outer periphery of the elastic layer, in which: the elastic layer includes a compound represented by the following formula (1); when the content of such a compound that n in the formula (1) represents an integer of 3 to 12 in the elastic layer is represented by P1, and the content of such a compound that n in the formula (1) represents an integer of 13 to 20 in the elastic layer is represented by P2, P1+P2 is 5,000 ppm by mass to 12,000 ppm by mass; and P1 is 1,500 ppm by mass to 6,000 ppm by mass (In the formula (1), n represents an integer of 3 to 20):

Abstract: A developing roller includes: a mandrel; an elastic layer provided for an outer periphery of the mandrel, the elastic layer including an addition-curing silicone rubber; and a surface layer provided for an outer periphery of the elastic layer, in which: the elastic layer includes a compound represented by the following formula (1); when the content of such a compound that n in the formula (1) represents an integer of 3 to 12 in the elastic layer is represented by P1, and the content of such a compound that n in the formula (1) represents an integer of 13 to 20 in the elastic layer is represented by P2, P1+P2 is 5,000 ppm by mass to 12,000 ppm by mass; and P1 is 1,500 ppm by mass to 6,000 ppm by mass (In the formula (1), n represents an integer of 3 to 20):

Abstract: Provided is a developing roller including elastic layer and resin layer adhered to each other and having an appropriately resistance, thereby suppressing fogging. The developing member comprises a mandrel; an elastic layer; and a resin layer, wherein: the resin layer comprises polyurethane resin obtained by isocyanate and polyol; and the elastic layer includes cured silicone rubber composition comprising (a)-(d): (a) organopolysiloxane having two or more alkenyl groups bonded to silicon atom and having methyl group as a group other than the alkenyl bonded to the silicon; (b) organopolysiloxane having three or more hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atom and having methyl group as a group bonded to the silicon; (c) carbon black; (d) organopolysiloxane represented by formula (1) and having Mw of 18,000-110,000 and Mw/Mn of 1.0-2.0 (R1 represents alkenyl group, R2 represents functional group reacting with isocyanate, and n represents an integer of 1 or more).

Abstract: A developing roller including a mandrel, an elastic layer provided on the mandrel and containing a cured material of an addition curable-type dimethyl silicone rubber, and a surface layer containing a urethane resin that covers the circumferential surface of the elastic layer. The urethane resin has a structure represented by the following formula (1), and one or both structures selected from a structure represented by the following formula (2) and a structure represented by the following formula (3) between two adjacent urethane linkages.

Abstract: Provided is an electro-conductive member showing small unevenness of the residual state of charge. The electro-conductive member is an electro-conductive member, comprising: a substrate whose surface is electro-conductive; and an electro-conductive elastic layer provided on the substrate, wherein the elastic layer is obtained by curing a mixture containing the following (A) to (D): (A) an organopolysiloxane having at least two vinyl groups bonded to a silicon atom; (B) an organopolysiloxane represented by the following chemical structural formula (1); (C) a hydrogen polysiloxane having at least two hydrosilyl groups; and (D) carbon black (l, m, and n in the chemical structural formula (1) each independently represent a positive integer).

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing a regenerated elastic roller which can be again used for the formation of high-quality electrophotographic images by sufficiently relaxing a compression set of the elastic roller having the compression set caused in an elastic layer in usage. The process for producing a regenerated elastic roller includes a step of heating an elastic roller having a conductive mandrel and an elastic layer and having a compression set caused in the elastic layer, in a cylindrical mold to thermally expand the elastic layer and to cause a surface of the elastic roller to contact an inner wall of the cylindrical mold.

Abstract: A developing roller used for formation of an electrophotographic image with high quality is provided in which even in storage and use under a high temperature and high humidity environment, peel-off of a surface layer from an elastic layer is suppressed, and a toner hardly adheres to the surface of the developing roller. The developing roller is a developing roller including a mandrel, an elastic layer provided on the mandrel and containing a cured material of an addition curable-type dimethyl silicone rubber, and a surface layer containing a urethane resin that covers the circumferential surface of the elastic layer, wherein the urethane resin has a structure represented by the following formula (1), and one or both structures selected from a structure represented by the following formula (2) and a structure represented by the following formula (3) between two adjacent urethane linkages.

Abstract: There is provided a process for producing a regenerated elastic roller which can be again used for the formation of high-quality electrophotographic images by sufficiently relaxing a compression set of the elastic roller having the compression set caused in an elastic layer in usage. The process for producing a regenerated elastic roller includes a step of heating an elastic roller having a conductive mandrel and an elastic layer and having a compression set caused in the elastic layer, in a cylindrical mold to thermally expand the elastic layer and to cause a surface of the elastic roller to contact an inner wall of the cylindrical mold.

Abstract: The electrophotographic belt of the present invention is characterized that, in the electrophotographic belt composed of the thermoplastic resin composition containing thermoplastic resin, with respect to a flake-shaped portion having an arc length of 5% of the inner peripheral length of the electrophotographic belt, when the thickness of the flake-shaped portion is measured at intervals of 1 mm in the peripheral direction, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the measured value is 2% or more and 20% or less of an arithmetic average value.

Abstract: A developing roller having an elastic layer on the outer periphery of a mandrel and having a surface layer containing a resin and resin particles on its outer periphery, wherein the surface layer has a convex portion attributable to the resin particles, and has a surface of roughness in which a distortion degree Rsk of a roughness curve is 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less, wherein the resin particles have a peak P1 at a particle diameter d1 in a volume particle size distribution, and wherein “a”, “b”, “c”, d1, d2 and d3 satisfy a specific relationship, where, “a” denotes a volume fraction of the resin particle having the particle diameter d1 in the volume particle size distribution, and “b” and “c” denote volume fractions at particle diameters d2 and d3 respectively in the volume particle size distribution.

Abstract: A developing roller having an elastic layer on the outer periphery of a mandrel and having a surface layer containing a resin and resin particles on its outer periphery, wherein the surface layer has a convex portion attributable to the resin particles, and has a surface of roughness in which a distortion degree Rsk of a roughness curve is 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less, wherein the resin particles have a peak P1 at a particle diameter dl in a volume particle size distribution, and wherein “a”, “b”, “c”, d1, d2 and d3 satisfy a specific relationship, where, “a” denotes a volume fraction of the resin particle having the particle diameter dl in the volume particle size distribution, and “b” and “c” denote volume fractions at particle diameters d2 and d3 respectively in the volume particle size distribution.

Abstract: A developing roller having an elastic layer on the outer periphery of a mandrel and having a surface layer containing a resin and resin particles on its outer periphery, wherein the surface layer has a convex portion attributable to the resin particles, and has a surface of roughness in which a distortion degree Rsk of a roughness curve is 0.15 or more and 0.70 or less, wherein the resin particles have a peak P1 at a particle diameter d1 in a volume particle size distribution, and wherein “a”, “b”, “c”, d1, d2 and d3 satisfy a specific relationship, where, “a” denotes a volume fraction of the resin particle having the particle diameter d1 in the volume particle size distribution, and “b” and “c” denote volume fractions at particle diameters d2 and d3 respectively in the volume particle size distribution.

Abstract: An electrophotographic endless belt containing a polyamide resin, carbon black and a filler, characterized in that the polyamide resin is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyamide 610, polyamide 612, polyamide 11 and polyamide 12, the filler is at least one filler selected from the group consisting of an oxide, a hydroxide, a carbonate and a silicate, and weight (A) of the polyamide resin and total weight (B) of the carbon black and the filler is in a ratio (A:B) of from 90:10 to 50:50. Also disclosed are an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic endless belt, and a process for producing the electrophotographic endless belt.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic belt member comprising a resin composition, the resin composition contains from 30% by weight to 90% by weight of a thermoplastic resin, from 2% by weight to 30% by weight of a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyether-ester amide, a polyether ester and a polyether amide, from 0% by weight to 5% by weight of an electrolyte, and from 2% by weight to 50% by weight of an insulating filler. Also disclosed are a process for producing the electrophotographic belt member, and an electrophotographic apparatus having the electrophotographic belt member.

Abstract: In an electrophotographic endless belt having a resin layer formed of a resin composition containing a polyamide, the resin composition further contains a copolymer obtained by copolymerization of an olefin and an oxygen-containing heterocyclic compound, a curve (T-log10 ? curve) showing the relationship between temperature T (° C.) and common logarithm log10 ? of melt viscosity ? (Pa·s), of the resin composition has, in the range of log10 ? of from log10 1,000 to log10 8,000, a gently inclined region the inclination ? log10 ?/?T of which is from ?0.02 to 0, and the gently inclined region has a temperature range of 10° C. or more, and the resin layer has a thickness the maximum thickness of which is 115% or less of the average value of the thickness of the resin layer and the minimum thickness of which is 85% or more of the average value of the thickness of the resin layer. Also disclosed is a process for producing the above electrophotographic endless belt.

Abstract: A process is disclosed producing an intermediate transfer member used in an image-forming apparatus in which an image formed on a first image-bearing member is transferred to a second image-bearing member. The process has the steps of melt-extruding an extrusion material from a circular die by means of an extruder and thereafter making the same into a desired shape to obtain a cylindrical extruded product, and forming the resultant cylindrical extruded product into the intermediate transfer member. The cylindrical extruded product contains a thermoplastic resin and an ion-conductive resistance control agent, and a ratio of the diameter of the intermediate transfer member obtained to the die diameter of the circular die is from 0.5 to 4.0. Also disclosed are an intermediate transfer member obtained by the production process, and an intermediate transfer member having the intermediate transfer member.

Abstract: An electrophotographic endless belt is disclosed having a layer formed of a resin composition containing (i) at least one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyether ester amide, a polyolefin ether and a polyether amide; (ii) polyvinylidene fluoride; and (iii) carbon. In the resin composition, the ratio of the mass of the component (iii) to the mass of the component (i) is in a specific range.